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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

抵抗如何可能?Mikhail Bakhtin狂歡節語言與身體論述的再詮釋

王孝勇, Wang, Hsiao-Yung Unknown Date (has links)
本研究旨在從俄國學者Mikhail Bakhtin(1895-1975)狂歡節語言與身體論述的觀點探討「抵抗如何可能?」的問題,並且以台灣當代女性主義小說家李昂於1999年出版的《自傳の小說》為主要的案例,重新思索和說明語言/意義的民主化(democratization)意涵與可能性。 有別於過去論述分析雖然言明語言/意義與政治社會之間並非單向的因果關係,而是相互影響、建構的辯證關係,但在實際進行案例分析時,卻較少著墨於語言如何「由下而上地」對象徵秩序進行意義的顛覆,本研究以Bakhtin對狂歡節語言與身體論述的說明,依序對抵抗的意涵、抵抗的可能性以及抵抗如何在文本中呈現,提出理論性的再詮釋。本研究發現,Bakhtin對於抵抗的想像,乃是一種在傳播/溝通與對話中,藉由特定語言形式而動員的意識形態鬥爭。積極而言,抵抗旨在透過言說主體的表述建構自己的意義系統;消極而言,抵抗至少具有解構他人意義系統的政治意圖。 然而,由於Bakhtin在狂歡節研究中,並未確實回應他企圖探討的「抵抗如何可能?」的問題。因此,本研究融入Laclau與Mouffe的「接合實踐」、Butler的「論述行動」與「身體展演」,從「形式層面」推敲Bakhtin在「眾聲喧嘩」對話模式中所暗示的政治機會,並對「抵抗如何可能?」提出具體的政治方案,包括:眾聲喧嘩的文本空間、對話與敵對關係中的再意義化、諧擬的身體展演、策略性的本質主義。本研究並且藉由對李昂情慾書寫中的抵抗策略進行「書寫形式的意識形態分析」,具體說明「抵抗如何可能?」的理論/概念架構。 本研究發現,李昂的情慾書寫呈現出「歷史書寫的性別化」與「性別論述的狂歡化」這兩個主要的特性。藉此,李昂一方面揭露了父權意識形態的意義生產邏輯,另一方面也藉由批判父權意識形態建構另類的意義系統或敵對/反對論述。從這點回過頭來再詮釋「抵抗如何可能?」的問題,本研究認為抵抗的可能性可說是在眾聲喧嘩或「弱敘事性」的文本空間中,藉由「接合實踐」動員由下而上的「論述行動」,並以「策略性的本質主義」此一政治方案建構霸權化論述的意識形態鬥爭過程;而「身體論述」所誇大展演出的敵對關係,則是最具渲染力也最為具體的例說。
2

網路群眾文化及其民主意涵-以PTT Gossiping看板為例 / The culture of internet crowds and its democratic implications: The case of PTT gossiping

林意仁, LIN, Yi Ren Unknown Date (has links)
本文將以目前台灣最大的網路新聞時事討論區──PTT Gossiping看板(以下簡稱「八卦板」)為研究對象,分析透過BBS媒介所形成的網路群眾文化,並探究其民主意涵。有別於一般網路公共領域的研究,本文將由「對抗性公共」與「狂歡節」這兩個概念切入,並借鏡俄國文學批評家Bakhtin所提出的「眾聲喧嘩」與「公共廣場」等說法,嘗試論證透過網路媒介所形成、並帶有集體性狂歡節色彩的社會互動空間,如何落實異於Habermas菁英式公共領域的公共生活想像。 就內容而言,本文可粗略區分為兩部分:首先我們將以Gossiping看板為例,從集體性的角度描繪網路群眾文化的樣貌(第二、三章),接著再進一步說明其民主意涵(第四章)。在第二章當中,我們將藉由回顧八卦板的看板歷程,說明本文所討論的八卦板「網路公眾」,在評論新聞、針砭時事的表面下,其實潛藏著某種不同於理性個人交往的社會關係形態;對於這樣的現象,我們可以暫且稱之為「網路起鬨」。在第三章,我們將透過集體亢奮與狂歡節的概念,進一步擴充網路起鬨現象的抽象意義,並嘗試說明:即便到了今天,人們透過網路媒介進行的互動,仍然表現出「非凡、例外」的強烈集體情緒;這樣的集體性,既不同於公共領域理性論辯的互動方式,亦無法簡單斥之為「非理性」的劣質文化。以此種互動關係樣態為背景,在第四章我們將著重討論帶有狂歡節特質的網路群眾文化,如何透過語言的運用,體現Bakhtin強調多元觀點的「眾聲喧嘩」概念;此種狂歡節語言,能夠跳脫代表語言中心化力量的Habermas公共領域設想,從而落實「公共廣場」概念所描繪的、強調對話而不強加共識的公共生活。最後在第五章結論當中,本文除了對全文進行簡要總結之外,並討論了「社會關係/mob-ility」、「遊戲」以及「日常生活」等等概念,嘗試為網路文化的進一步研究,提供可能的參考方向。 / Taking Taiwan’s largest internet news forum “PTT Gossiping” as research object, this thesis analyses the culture of internet crowds formed through the medium of BBS (Bulletin Board System), and explores its democratic implications. Different from existing researches of “internet public sphere”, this thesis set out its arguments by resorting to concepts of “counterpublics” and “carnival”, and concludes with the notions of “heteroglossia” and “public square”, both proposed by Russian literary critic Mikhail Bakhtin, to demonstrate how a collectively carnivalistic social space of interaction, formed by internet, can provide us with an alternative imagination of public life that is different from Habermasian (elite) public sphere. This thesis consists of two parts: firstly, it analyses the culture of internet crowds from the sociological perspective of collectivity, taking PTT Gossiping as example (Ch. 2 & Ch. 3); secondly, it elaborates the democratic implications of this culture (Ch. 4). In Ch. 2, we review the historical development of PTT Gossiping, in order to demonstrate that the “internet public” constituting this news forum shows a non-personal as well as non-rational mode of social interaction, which we can provisionally describe as “internet mobbing”. In Ch. 3, we elaborate the sociological meaning of internet mobbing, by resorting to concepts such as “collective effervescence” and “carnival”, arguing that the “extraordinary, exceptional” feature of strong collective emotions can still be observed nowadays in internet interactions. This collectivity is neither similar to rational, reasoning mode of interaction proposed by the idea of “public sphere”, nor can it be denounced simply as “irrational” or bad culture. Based on this kind of social interaction, in Ch. 4 we explore how the using of carnivalistic language by internet crowds can embody Bakhtinian heteroglossia. By emphasizing the value of multiple perspectives, the carnivalistic language use of internet crowds breaks away from Habermasian public sphere, and helps to bring about a public life depicted by Bakhtinian “public square”, encouraging dialogue rather than forcing consensus. Finally, in Ch. 5 we sum up the thesis, and discuss ideas such as “social relationship / mob-ility”, “game”, and “everyday life”, which can serve as possible directions for further studies on internet culture.

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