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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

民主和平論

朱雪瑛 Unknown Date (has links)
「民主和平論」是一九七○、八○年代興起的理論,承續傳統自由國際主義學派強調國家的「民主體制」可以醫治國家間戰爭行為的理想。此學派以康德為起源,經過實證研究及理論的探索,發展出「民主國家之間互不打仗」的論點。康德最早提倡,共和自由體制的國家傾向愛好和平,應在國際社會建立共和國家聯盟,並加以擴展,使更多的國家成為共和國,以帶來國際和平。但是人類歷史紀錄卻顯示,民主國家其實與非民主國家一樣的好戰,歷史上許多戰爭民主國家皆有參與。如果「民主國家確實較愛好和平」是無法推翻的說法,就應進一步分析以了解,民主國家真的較愛好和平嗎?或在特定的條件下才愛好和平?一九七○、八○年代行為學派學者紛紛以歷史文獻紀錄資料進行統計學之實證研究,並提出結論:和平確實存在於民主與民主國家間,但是不會溢出擴及非民主國。「民主和平論」迅速發展出「區隔性和平」等理論架構,並引來許多批評,發生論爭。「民主和平論」雖然興起時間甚晚,但在外交實務領域上受到極大重視,主要是因為它符合美國的理想主義精神。以民主立國的世界超強美國深信,這世界上民主國家愈多,安全的保障就愈大,除了在冷戰期間以軍事結盟的方式保衛民主國家安全之外,並在冷戰結束後提出「擴大戰略」以推廣民主。對於「民主和平論」我們有必要加以注意與了解。
2

中國大陸對外石油政策之政治經濟分析 / Political economic analysis of Chinese foreign oil policy

陳銘宏, Chen, Min Hon Unknown Date (has links)
中國大陸隨著經濟快速發展,石油能源需求成長迅速,導致石油進口依賴增加,石油需求量日益大於國內原油產量,對進口原油的依賴成為中國國家安全的潛在威脅。為鞏固石油安全,除需不斷向外擴張石油的來源管道外,更需儘速調整國內能源消費結構,提昇能源使用效率。本文以石油安全的政治經濟途徑來看中國對外石油政策,探討影響中國石油安全的因素。分析究竟是「由外而內」(outside-in),還是「由內而外」(inside-out)層面的因素制約了中國對外石油政策的走向。本文認為,依賴國外石油供應本身並不會造成中國石油安全的威脅,主要的威脅來自於對日益增長的能源消費缺乏明顯改善能源效率的機制。長期而言,改善國內能源治理才是一種有效的而且是徹底改善中國能源安全處境的根本途徑。基於這種觀點,中國必須更廣泛的,儘可能的善加利用各種國際資源,來提升國內能源使用效率。從戰略層次來看,其他各國也會受益於中國的努力。 / Mainland China's rapid economic development has brought rapid growth in oil energy demand, that has outstripped domestic sources of supply, causing increased reliance on oil imports. China's reliance on oil imports to satisfy its oil requirements has become the potential threat to the national security. In order to secure its oil security, mainland China need to constantly expand external oil energy sources. Besides, there is even greater need to speedily adjust the domestic energy consumption structure and utilising energy efficiently within china. This paper focuses on the Chinese foreign oil policy based on the political-economic approaches to oil security. The research problem of this paper is : What's the real factor that "constraint" Chinese foreign oil policy, "outside-in" or "inside-out"? The conclusion of this paper is that dependence on foreign sources of oil supply is not in itself a threat to China's oil security; the key threat is ever-growing consumption without significant improvement in erergy efficiency. In the long term, improved domestic energy governance is one effective and indeed essential route for China to improve its overall energy situation. In this concection, China must work to make as extensive use of international resources as possible for the sake of promoting more efficient use of energy in the country. At a strategic level, the rest of the world stands to benefit from progress in Chinese efforts.

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