自1978年中國改革開放30年以來，隨著經濟的持續快速發展，中國對石油需求度與日俱增，自1993年起從石油淨出口國變成了石油淨進口國，尤其以2004年中國的石油進口量超過日本成為僅次於美國的全球第二大能源消費國，石油是中國經濟及工業的命脈，對國內經濟發展更具有重要的意義。國際經濟強國將石油安全列為外交工作的重點，透過石油外交途逕取得在國際石油能源資源配置中的經濟和政治利益及主導地位，以滿足國內工業需求並提高經濟增長。對中國石油需求量急劇增加下，加上國際政治經濟形勢的錯綜複雜，更加重了中國對石油進口穩定供給的需求，為確保石油能源安全，中國更加積極地實施能源進口多元化戰略，除了從中東、東南亞、中亞、俄羅斯等地進口石油外，非洲的石油儲量豐富也成了中國石油開發新地區，非洲產油國蘇丹更是中國石油外交「走出去」的典範，本文從中國、蘇丹的石油、外交、政策探討中國的石油外交走向。 / Since 1978, 30 years since China's reform and opening up, with sustained and rapid economic development, China's oil demand was increasing since 1993 from a net oil exporter into a net importer of oil, particularly in 2004, China's oil imports after the United States surpassed Japan to become the world's second largest energy consumer, and industrial oil is the lifeblood of the modern economy, China's economic development is more important. Regarded the world's largest economy oil energy as the focus of diplomatic work and hope to obtain through oil diplomacy in the international oil and energy resources in the economic and political interests and dominant position in order to meet domestic industrial demand and increase economic growth. Since the execution of reformation in 1978,Chinas economy has been soaring and so has its demand of oil.IN 1993,China changed from a net oil exporter to a net importer of oil.particularly in 2004,China imported oil more than japan so china which is after America has already become the second largest energy resources consumer in the world.Oil is the lifeblood of industries and modern economy and it has more important meaning for the economic development of China.Strong countries in the world consider oil energy as a key of diplomatic work.They hope t could dominant the main position and get economic and political benefits of international oil resources through oil diplomacy for satisfying the demand of domestic industries and increasing economic growth.

中國大陸隨著經濟快速發展，石油能源需求成長迅速，導致石油進口依賴增加，石油需求量日益大於國內原油產量，對進口原油的依賴成為中國國家安全的潛在威脅。為鞏固石油安全，除需不斷向外擴張石油的來源管道外，更需儘速調整國內能源消費結構，提昇能源使用效率。本文以石油安全的政治經濟途徑來看中國對外石油政策，探討影響中國石油安全的因素。分析究竟是「由外而內」(outside-in)，還是「由內而外」(inside-out)層面的因素制約了中國對外石油政策的走向。本文認為，依賴國外石油供應本身並不會造成中國石油安全的威脅，主要的威脅來自於對日益增長的能源消費缺乏明顯改善能源效率的機制。長期而言，改善國內能源治理才是一種有效的而且是徹底改善中國能源安全處境的根本途徑。基於這種觀點，中國必須更廣泛的，儘可能的善加利用各種國際資源，來提升國內能源使用效率。從戰略層次來看，其他各國也會受益於中國的努力。 / Mainland China's rapid economic development has brought rapid growth in oil energy demand, that has outstripped domestic sources of supply, causing increased reliance on oil imports. China's reliance on oil imports to satisfy its oil requirements has become the potential threat to the national security. In order to secure its oil security, mainland China need to constantly expand external oil energy sources. Besides, there is even greater need to speedily adjust the domestic energy consumption structure and utilising energy efficiently within china. This paper focuses on the Chinese foreign oil policy based on the political-economic approaches to oil security. The research problem of this paper is : What's the real factor that "constraint" Chinese foreign oil policy, "outside-in" or "inside-out"? The conclusion of this paper is that dependence on foreign sources of oil supply is not in itself a threat to China's oil security; the key threat is ever-growing consumption without significant improvement in erergy efficiency. In the long term, improved domestic energy governance is one effective and indeed essential route for China to improve its overall energy situation. In this concection, China must work to make as extensive use of international resources as possible for the sake of promoting more efficient use of energy in the country. At a strategic level, the rest of the world stands to benefit from progress in Chinese efforts.