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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

穩健迴歸轉換與區域影響分析 / Robust Regression Transformation and Diagnostics Using Local Influence

黃逸勤 Unknown Date (has links)
2

信用違約機率之預測─Robust Logitstic Regression

林公韻, Lin,Kung-yun Unknown Date (has links)
本研究所使用違約機率(Probability of Default, 以下簡稱PD)的預測方法為Robust Logistic Regression(穩健羅吉斯迴歸),本研究發展且應用這個方法是基於下列兩個觀察:1. 極端值常常出現在橫剖面資料,而且對於實證結果往往有很大地影響,因而極端值必須要被謹慎處理。2. 當使用Logit Model(羅吉斯模型)估計違約率時,卻忽略極端值。試圖不讓資料中的極端值對估計結果產生重大的影響,進而提升預測的準確性,是本研究使用Logit Model並混合Robust Regression(穩健迴歸)的目的所在,而本研究是第一篇使用Robust Logistic Regression來進行PD預測的研究。 變數的選取上,本研究使用Z-SCORE模型中的變數,此外,在考慮公司的營收品質之下,亦針對公司的應收帳款週轉率而對相關變數做了調整。 本研究使用了一些信用風險模型效力驗證的方法來比較模型預測效力的優劣,本研究的實證結果為:針對樣本內資料,使用Robust Logistic Regression對於整個模型的預測效力的確有提升的效果;當營收品質成為模型變數的考量因素後,能讓模型有較高的預測效力。最後,本研究亦提出了一些重要的未來研究建議,以供後續的研究作為參考。 / The method implemented in PD calculation in this study is “Robust Logistic Regression”. We implement this method based on two reasons: 1. In panel data, outliers usually exist and they may seriously influence the empirical results. 2. In Logistic Model, outliers are not taken into consideration. The main purpose of implementing “Robust Logistic Regression” in this study is: eliminate the effects caused by the outliers in the data and improve the predictive ability. This study is the first study to implement “Robust Logistic Regression” in PD calculation. The same variables as those in Z-SCORE model are selected in this study. Furthermore, the quality of the revenue in a company is also considered. Therefore, we adjust the related variables with the company’s accounts receivable turnover ratio. Some validation methodologies for default risk models are used in this study. The empirical results of this study show that: In accordance with the in-sample data, implementing “Robust Logistic Regression” in PD calculation indeed improves the predictive ability. Besides, using the adjusted variables can also improve the predictive ability. In the end of this study, some important suggestions are given for the subsequent studies.
3

退休基金投資對證券市場發展之影響 / The Effect of Pension Fund Investment on Securities Markets

毛治文 Unknown Date (has links)
本文探討退休金發展程度與投資策略對股票市場發展的影響,並同時採用「縱橫門檻迴歸模型」(panel threshold model, PTM)及結合縱橫門檻模型與穩健迴歸的「穩健縱橫門檻迴歸模型」(robust panel threshold model, ROPTM)來研究此一議題。我們用退休基金投資證券市場的金額佔總額的比例為分類標準,將樣本分為高投資比例與低投資比例兩部分。對部分OECD國家及台灣的panel data分析後之結果顯示:在股票市場方面,若基金採高投資比例之投資策略,則退休金發展或投資股市比例越高,越能促進股市發展;採低投資比例策略的基金,對股市發展的影響並不顯著。 / This paper analyzes the impact of pension fund investment on securities markets using a panel threshold model (PTM) and a robust panel threshold model (ROPTM) which combines a panel threshold model with a robust regression model. We use panel data for some OECD countries and Taiwan to test the validity of our propositions. The data is divided into low and high investment regions based on the value of securities as a percentage of total financial assets of the pension fund. Our results are the following. In the high stock investment region, pension funds have a positive impact on stock markets. Whereas, in the low stock investment region, the positive impact seems to disappear.
4

模糊族群在穩健相關係數與穩健迴歸分析之應用 / Applications of fuzzy clustering method in robust correlation coefficient and robust regression analysis

黃圓修, Hwang, Yuan Shiou Unknown Date (has links)
在一般的研究過程中均可能有離群觀測值產生,只要有離群觀測值存在, 就可能對研究結果產生極重大的影響。在統計學上常用的參數估計式中, 有許多極易受離群觀測值影響。因此本研究採用模糊族群分析混合最大概 似估計演算法運用在參數估計上,以去除離群觀測值對分析結果的影響。 本研究主要針對相關係數與迴歸係數的估計進行探討,利用演算法中所求 得之隸屬度,計算穩健相關係數和穩健迴歸係數,以期能正確估計參數值 。
5

資本資產定價模型之穩健估計分析

顏培俊, Yen, Pei-Chun Unknown Date (has links)
長期性資料(longitudinal data)的最主要特徵是為對多個被觀測個體在不同的時間點上重複測量一個或多個反應變數。而在分析長期性資料的方法中,Laird & Ware(1982)建議以線性混合效果模型(linear mixed effects model,LME)來進行估計分析,此模型方法中,資料可以允許遺失值,並可將受測個體間與個體內的變異分開說明。 另在配適最小平方法(OLS)的迴歸模型中,係數估計經常會受到異常值的影響,而Rousseeuw & Leroy(1987)提出最小消去平方法(least trimmed squares,LTS)的穩健迴歸模型,即是解決最小平方法中對於異常值敏感的問題。 本研究主要針對台灣股票預期報酬之三種模型:資本資產定價模型、特徵模型、因子模型分別以OLS、LTS、LME三種估計方法做配適,並比較配適模型之適當與否,樣本資料為民國七十年七月至九十年六月共252個月516家上市公司股票報酬。實證結果顯示,不論是採用OLS、LTS、LME的估計方法,股票報酬解釋變數:系統風險、公司規模、帳面權益對市值比、SMB、HML皆為股票報酬的顯著解釋因子;而在模型比較方面,不論是配適資本資產定價模型、特徵模型或因子模型,LME都較OLS為較適當配適模型。這顯示了在分析長期性資料時,LME的確是一個較佳的統計分析模型。
6

變數轉換之穩健迴歸分析

張嘉璁 Unknown Date (has links)
在傳統的線性迴歸分析當中,當基本假設不滿足時,有時可考慮變數轉換使得資料能夠比較符合基本假設。在眾多的轉換方法當中,以Box和Cox(1964)所提出的乘冪轉換(Box-Cox power transformation)最為常用,乘冪轉換可將某些複雜的系統轉換成線性常態模式。然而當資料存在離群值(outlier)時,Box-Cox Transformation會受到影響,因此不是一種穩健方法。 在本篇論文當中,我們利用前進演算法(forward search algorithm)求得最小消去平方估計量(Least trimmed squares estimator),在過程當中估計出穩健的轉換參數。
7

變數轉換之離群值偵測 / Detection of Outliers with Data Transformation

吳秉勳, David Wu Unknown Date (has links)
在迴歸分析中,當資料中存在很多離群值時,偵測的工作變得非常不容易。 在此狀況下,我們無法使用傳統的殘差分析正確地偵測出其是否存在,此現象稱為遮蔽效應(The Masking Effect)。 而為了避免此效應的發生,我們利用最小中位數穩健迴歸估計值(Least Median Squares Estimator)正確地找出這些群集離群值,此估計值擁有最大即50﹪的容離值 (Breakdown point)。 在這篇論文中,用來求出最小中位數穩健迴歸估計值的演算法稱為步進搜尋演算法 (the Forward Search Algorithm)。 結果顯示,我們可以利用此演算法得到的穩健迴歸估計值,很快並有效率的找出資料中的群集離群值;另外,更進一步的結果顯示,我們只需從資料中隨機選取一百次子集,並進行步進搜尋,即可得到概似的穩健迴歸估計值並正確的找出那些群集離群值。 最後,我們利用鐘乳石圖(Stalactite Plot)列出所有被偵測到的離群值。 在多變量資料中,我們若使用Mahalanobis距離也會遭遇到同樣的屏蔽效應。 而此一問題,隨著另一高度穩健估計值的採用,亦可迎刃而解。 此估計值稱為最小體積橢圓體估計值 (Minimum Volume Ellipsoid),其亦擁有最大即50﹪的容離值。 在此,我們也利用步進搜尋法求出此估計值,並利用鐘乳石圖列出所有被偵測到的離群值。 這篇論文的第二部分則利用變數轉換的技巧將迴歸資料中的殘差項常態化並且加強其等變異的特性以利後續的資料分析。 在步進搜尋進行的過程中,我們觀察分數統計量(Score Statistic)和其他相關診斷統計量的變化。 結果顯示,這些統計量一起提供了有關轉換參數選取豐富的資訊,並且我們亦可從步進搜尋進行的過程中觀察出某些離群值對參數選取的影響。 / Detecting regression outliers is not trivial when there are many of them. The methods of using classical diagnostic plots sometimes fail to detect them. This phenomenon is known as the masking effect. To avoid this, we propose to find out those multiple outliers by using a highly robust regression estimator called the least median squares (LMS) estimator which has maximal breakdown point. The algorithm in search of the LMS estimator is called the forward search algorithm. The estimator found by the forward search is shown to lead to the rapid detection of multiple outliers. Furthermore, the result reveals that 100 repeats of a simple forward search from a random starting subset are shown to provide sufficiently robust parameter estimators to reveal multiple outliers. Finally, those detected outliers are exhibited by the stalactite plot that shows greatly stable pattern of them. Referring to multivariate data, the Mahalanobis distance also suffers from the masking effect that can be remedied by using a highly robust estimator called the minimum volume ellipsoid (MVE) estimator. It can also be found by using the forward search algorithm and it also has maximal breakdown point. The detected outliers are then displayed in the stalactite plot. The second part of this dissertation is the transformation of regression data so that the approximate normality and the homogeneity of the residuals can be achieved. During the process of the forward search, we monitor the quantity of interest called score statistic and some other diagnostic plots. They jointly provide a wealth of information about transformation along with the effect of individual observation on this statistic.

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