當製造業面臨產業瓶頸，最早見於40年代法蘭克福學派的「文化」結合產業手法訴求夕陽工業轉型，我國參考歐美等國開放工廠或建立觀光園區等為知識觀光景點之作法，於2003年以「推動製造業發展觀光休閒產業計畫」為主，佐以〈工廠兼營觀光服務作業要點〉之相關規定，協助製造業工廠轉型產業文化資產觀光。 「文化」是生活的表述，於社會結構中區分個人或群體所表現出之價值；「文創」在「文化」的主要和次要特徵元素上做創新發揮，在知識經濟時代透過文化產品的符號網絡達成文化傳遞流行化的成果；觀光工廠的品牌塑造便如同任何一類文化創意活動：在一定的知識背景下，依靠人的創新與想法，加上現代科技提升傳統文化要素的內涵和品質，並非單單對傳統文化的簡單複製、加工和移植，而是文化個性特質的最大發揮。 本研究以宜蘭縣內之觀光工廠為主要研究對象，分析整理廠區DM、觀光工廠官網與觀光工廠旅遊專書等文獻，輔以筆者現場進行深度訪談，針對觀光工廠如何推展觀光行銷，做到企業、文化傳承，同時尋求建立百年企業之可能。對於近年來公部門輔導下面臨的市場困境，也逐一發掘整理，期能為後續的改善提供方向。 / When the manufacturing industry was faced with industrial bottlenecks, as early as the combination of "culture" and "industry" of the Frankfurt School emerged in the 1940s, it sought the transformation of industrial development from the declining situation. Taiwan refers to the experience of the tourism factories in Europe and the United States, establishing the cultural and creative places as the knowledge tourist attractions. The Ministry of Economic Affairs has been actively coaching the management of tourism service and the restructuring of domestic conventional factories since 2003, to assist manufacturing factories in transforming industrial cultural assets and sightseeing. "Culture" is the expression of life, distinguishing the values shown by individuals or groups in the social structure. Cultural and creative resources make innovations in the main and secondary characteristic elements of "culture," and achieve the popularity of cultural transmission results through cultural products with their symbolic network in the era of knowledge. Tourism factory’s brand building is like any kind of cultural and creative activities: The process rely on human’s innovations and ideas in a certain knowledge background, coupled with modern science and technology to enhance the traditional cultural elements of the content and quality. It’s not the simple reproduction, processing and transplanting of traditional culture, but the greatest manifestation of the special characteristics of culture. This study set the tourism factories in Yilan County as the main research object, discussed with analyzing tourism factories’ DM, official website, tourist book and other literatures, supplemented with depth interviews on the way of how to promote tourism marketing by the author, explored the strategy of the conduction of business management, cultural heritage, and even the possibilities of seeking to establish a centennial shop. The research also sorted out one after another to provide the direction for subsequent improvement for the market dilemma under the guidance of the public sector in recent years.

觀光客倍增計畫自二○○二年制定，是六年國建的國家重點發展計畫。而其中北部海岸旅遊線向來是觀光客最多的旅遊線，轄區內的東北角暨宜蘭海岸國家風景區也因勢在觀光政策行銷有許多改善。本研究以東北角風景區為個案背景，從政策行銷角度探討觀光客倍增計畫下的行銷過程。藉此增加政策行銷理論的應用性，並提供相關個案未來在觀光政策行銷上之參考方向。 本研究以Crompton和Lamb的策略行銷規劃模式為主要架構，再依個案所需有所增減。而將政策行銷流程大致區分為三階段─分析、規劃與評估。分析部份探討個體與總體環境、市場與定位。規劃則根據目標市場訂定行銷策略組合。最後於評估階段檢視行銷策略的實際運作過程，是否達到效率性、效能性與回應性。 研究方法採取文獻檢閱與深度訪談，包含政策的主管單位與政策利害關係人，希望透過不同角度探討問題，以達相互印證之效並切合顧客導向之行銷理念。 研究發現在個案在政策行銷的分析階段，政治環境因素影響最大，同時也是政策行銷與商業行銷的根本差異之處。受限於此，致使無法全然仿效私部門行銷策略。目標市場選擇從差異化行銷到無差異行銷，以求服務到極大多數的顧客群。行銷策略組合規劃與執行階段，產品策略仍需創新產品，以求更加符合定位並突顯與競爭者間差異性。價格策略以對內運作開源節流、對外重視公平效率為導向，顯示政策行銷有別於商業行銷之差異。通路策略中交通系統與資訊提供間尚需更加整合以建立密集通路。推廣策略可多朝向國際宣傳努力，並結合夥伴策略，透過綿密的網絡治理結構，創造更佳的觀光政策行銷效益。

觀光作為國家的重點發展產業，政府將藉由觀光行銷計畫的推陳出新以提升 其觀光競爭力。台灣中央政府從2001 年到2010 年推出一連串的觀光行銷計畫， 從中可以發現觀光行銷計畫的內容出現一定程度的變遷，可是目前的研究很少針 對觀光行銷計畫的變遷進行探究。因此，本研究由政策變遷理論作為探討基礎， 試圖以學習的途徑解釋觀光行銷計畫的變遷，採用文件分析法和訪談法發現觀光 行銷計畫發生哪些重要變遷，以及造成變遷的因素為何，並透過組織學習與政策 學習理論分析學習在觀光行銷計畫的變遷中所扮演的角色。 經過資料的蒐集與分析之後，結論針對研究發現與研究發現的意涵進行討論， 並提出研究建議，包括：觀光局機關首長的領導為引發學習的關鍵因素，且促使 觀光局逐漸轉型為學習型組織；在變遷與學習的關係中，也發現機關內各單位與 階層之間出現不一致的改變程度，代表觀光局仍然需要更全面的學習。因此，未 來觀光局新的首長必須持續領導觀光局的學習，平衡機關內各單位與階層之間的 改變程度，並學習新的行銷趨勢，才能不斷產出更為出色的觀光行銷計畫。 / Because the tourism industry is one of the country’s important industries, government may improve and innovate on tourism marketing plans to increase tourism competitiveness of country. From 2001 to 2010, the central government in Taiwan promoted a series of tourism marketing plans, which can be found some changes in tourism marketing plans. However, the current study has few discussions on the changes of the tourism marketing plans. Therefore, this study counts on the policy change theory as the research basis, then tries to apply learning approach to explain the changes of the tourism marketing plans. The research methods of this study use document analysis and interviews to found what important changes in the tourism marketing plans, as well as found the factors that caused the changes. Besides, through organizational learning and policy learning theory, this study analyses of the role of learning in the changes of the tourism marketing plans. After the data collection and analysis, the conclusion of this study discusses the finding and the meaning of finding, raises some suggestions as well. For example, the leadership of the head of the Tourism Bureau was the key factor which leads to learning, and the head transformed the Tourism Bureau into a learning organization gradually; between the changes and learning, this study also found so inconsistent degree of changes among the internal various units and levels that the Tourism Bureau still need for more comprehensive learning. Therefore, in order to continue producing even better tourism marketing plans, the new head of the Tourism Bureau must continue leading the Tourism Bureau to learn, balance the degree of changes among the internal various units and levels, and learn new marketing trend in the future.