本研究為建構我國大學生通識能力指標，透過文獻探討作為指標建構的理論基礎，初步分析歸納57項我國大學生通識能力指標，並以大學通識中心主任、教育學者專家及行政主管為問卷調查對象，採用模糊得菲術篩選及修改指標，建立31項我國大學生通識能力指標；再以概念構圖法與集群分析整合專家學者們對指標之重要性評估與分群，以建立構面，並求得各構面及指標權重，完成我國大學生通識能力指標建構。根據研究之結果與分析，歸納主要結論如下： 一、本研究建構之我國大學生通識能力指標，共計31項能力指標及五大構面。 二、五大構面及權重為「構面一：知識運用能力」（平均權重為3.39分）、「構面二：自我管理能力」(平均權重為4.12分）、「構面三：理性思辨與問題解決能力」（平均權重為3.96分）、「構面四：人際互動與溝通交流能力」（平均權重為4分）、「構面五：社會責任感與多元認知能力」（平均權重為3.75分）。 三、在「知識運用能力」構面中權重最重的指標為1-3學習整合能力(佔構面權重16.84%)；其次為1-6資訊倫理能力(佔構面權重15.44%)；再者為1-2跨領域能力及1-5資訊科技與媒體能力(佔構面權重15.09%)。 四、在「自我管理能力」構面中權重最重的指標為2-1健康管理能力及2-2情緒管理能力(佔構面權重21.05%)；其次為2-5自我學習能力(佔構面權重19.84%)。 五、在「理性思辨與問題解決能力」構面中權重最重的指標為3-6問題解決能力(佔構面權重17.54%)；其次為3-2批判思考與價值判斷能力(佔構面權重17.19%)；再者為3-1邏輯推理與思辯能力及3-5獨立思考能力(佔構面權重16.49%)。 六、在「人際互動與溝通交流能力」構面中權重最重的指標為4-2能與他人溝通能力(佔構面權重36.11%)。 七、在「社會責任感與多元認知能力」構面中權重最重的指標為5-1倫理道德與實踐能力(佔構面權重10.89%)；其次為5-2公民責任能力及5-8國際視野能力(佔構面權重10.67%)；再者為5-7多元文化認知、理解與尊重能力(佔構面權重10.44%)。 期望此項研究成果能提供我國高等教育主管機關、大學校院行政主管、教師及對未來研究之參考。 / This is a study aimed to establish the general education competency indicators for the college students in Taiwan. In the preliminary analysis, General Education Competency Indicators of 57 categories were initially proposed. Guided by the surveys of College Directors of General Education Centers, Education scholars, and Administrators, also adapting the Fuzzy Delphi Method as evaluation and revision model, competency indicators of 31 categories thus established. Concept mapping and cluster analysis were then applied to divide the 31 indicators into 5 separate dimensions as well as to obtain the weighting score of each indicator in its belonging dimension. The results of this study are identified accordingly as follows: 1.This study showed that the general education competency can be represented by 31 indicators and 5 dimensions. 2.The 5 dimensions of general education were self-management(4.12), Interpersonal interaction and communication(4), capacity of critical thinking and problem solving(3.96), social responsibility and multiple cognitive abilities(3.75), and knowledge application ability(3.39). 3.The dimension of knowledge application ability consisted of Integration of learning(16.84%), information ethics(15.44%), areas of knowledge and information technology and media(15.09%). 4.The dimension of self-management comprised of healthy-management(21.05%), emotional management(21.05%), and self-learning(19.84%). 5.The dimension of capacity of critical thinking and solving problem consisted of problem-solving(17.54%), capacity of critical thinking and value judgment (17.19%), logical rational thinking and independent thinking(16.49%). 6.The dimension of interpersonal interaction and communication was composed of capacity of communicating with mates (36.11%). 7.The dimension of social responsibility and multiple cognitive abilities was composed of ethical practice (10.89%), civic Responsibility (10.67%), international perspective(10.67%), multicultural and cognition, and understanding and respect(10.44%). The results of this study is highly anticipated to be utilized as a reference by higher education institutions and administration authorities, scholastic researchers, and additional future studies.

資料發掘研究重點在於幫助使用者從眾多現存資料中發掘出隱藏於其內前所未知且可能非常有用的資訊。本研究應用資料發掘技術於通識課程規劃上，經由文獻探討建立初步的研究架構，採用政大學生選修通識課程之資料進行資料發掘，最後分析結果可作為未來政大通識課程規劃之參考。 傳統規劃通識課程的方式多是以老師為出發點，這樣的規劃方式難免有欠考量之處，而學生選課必須依據老師所開的課程，未必能選修到自已真正有興趣的通識課程。本研究以學生需求觀點為出發點，將學生選修通識課程行為對應到顧客購物行為觀念上，再應用資料發掘技術來分析政大通識課程，建立學生─顧客、課程─商品及老師─商品品牌的對應分析模式，透過資料發掘技術的分析方法，找出學生選擇通識課程的特性與關鍵，可以提供通識課程規劃另一個方向的思考，使得通識課程的規劃更加更切合學生需求。

近年來高等教育逐漸重視資訊素養教育，各大學校院陸續以通識課程的形式開設資訊素養課程，期望在通識教育之精神下，培育學生具備問題解決的能力，並能有效地與人溝通合作。然而，我國目前資訊素養通識課程，在各個學校的開設有不同的名稱，且不同教師所教授的資訊素養課程內容亦有所分歧；這些課程都是以提升學生資訊素養能力為教學目標，若能發展具有共識的課程內容、尋覓適當的教學方式，應有助於協助教師規劃課程，改善大學生整體的資訊素養。 　　本研究之目的即在探討目前資訊素養課程開設之情形，以及授課教師對課程規劃之看法，以提出資訊素養通識課程規劃之建議。本研究對我國九十七學年度資訊素養通識課程進行內容分析，瞭解資訊素養通識課程開設之現況；並透過問卷和訪談調查資訊素養課程授課教師之教學模式與評量方法。 　　經調查顯示，大學校院資訊素養通識課程開課數量較往年有所成長，資訊素養教育已愈來愈受學校重視。而資訊素養通識課程名稱相當多元，課程內容以「查找資訊資源」為資訊素養課程主要的核心，但亦包含建立知識背景、評估資訊資源等內容，較以往的課程更重視資訊的組織與呈現，以及資訊倫理和法律議題。而從授課教師教學型態中發現，資訊素養課程已開始朝向數位學習發展，教師亦運用多樣化的教學活動與教材規劃課程，並從知識、技能與態度面來評量學生學習成果。 　　由研究結果歸納建議，大學校院資訊素養通識課程在開設方面，應由通識教育中心主動規劃，且可與圖書館共同合作發展課程，將其納入整個教學人力和資源；在課程規劃方面，教師可以「圖書館和資訊素養」為課程名稱，並依《高等教育資訊素養能力標準》為目標彈性設計課程、開發問題導向式學習教材、善用數位學習教材輔助教學，並以數位學習認證規範開發課程與教材；在評量方面可透過學習歷程檔案來評量學生學習成果。最後，應建立資訊素養教材資源交流的平台，互相分享資訊素養課程教材，做為推動資訊素養教育之管道。 / In recent years, information literacy education has gained more and more attention in higher education. Some universities offer courses about information literacy in general education program. With the spirit of general education, these information literacy courses enable students to solve problems independently, as well as communicate and cooperate with others efficiently. However, currently, each university adopts different course names for information literacy courses and each teacher teaches in different ways. Since the aims of these courses are to build up information literacy ability of students, a consensus on the course content and developing suitable teaching methods will help teachers in designing information literacy courses and effectively improve students’ information literacy skills. The purpose of this study is to explore the current situation of information literacy courses and to understand teachers’ perspectives on course design, and further make suggestions on information literacy courses planning. This study analyzed the information literacy course contents in general education program of 2008 School Year in Taiwan, and investigated teachers’ teaching model and assessment methods through questionnaires and interviews. Findings show that the numbers of information literacy courses have been increased than that in last year and information literacy course has gotten more attention in universities. The names of information literacy courses are diverse. The contents of information literacy courses mostly focus on information searching, but also emphasize on building background knowledge, evaluating information sources, organizing and presenting information, and recognizing issues of information ethics and information laws. The instructional patterns of information literacy courses have been moved toward e-learning style. Teachers use various activities and materials to design courses, and evaluate students’ learning performance in terms of knowledge, skills and attitudes. Based on the results, this study suggests that: (1) General education center should offer information literacy courses initiatively. (2) Teachers could cooperate with the library to develop information literacy courses. (3) Use “Library and Information Literacy” as the course name. (4) Designing courses flexibly based on the “Information Literacy Competency Standards for Higher Education”. (5) Developing problem-based learning materials. (6) Use e-learning materials to support teaching. (7) Developing courses and teaching materials in accordance with the e-Learning Quality Certification. (8) Use portfolio to assess students’ learning performance. (9) Establishing an information exchange platform to share the resources of information literacy.

本研究主要目的在於了解藝術領域通識課程在高中與大學階段的銜接性狀況，以政治大學學生做為個案。採用質性研究的觀點，訪談修習過高中與大學階段之學生與此兩階段的開課教師，共計10名。訪談後將錄音資料轉為逐字稿，佐以文獻分析而獲得結論並提出建議。 　　根據研究結果，可發現無論是高中或是大學藝術領域之教師，在規畫課程上皆未考量銜接性因素，主要原因是難以掌握上一階段的學生學習狀況以及本於有教無類的思維。面對未考量銜接性的課程，教師改採取調整課程設計的方式以符合不同學習背景的學生所需。除此之外，教師也會採用多元課程內容與評量方式，活化課程並增進學生對於課程學習的興趣。大學校方也能提供適合藝術學習的場域，引導學生於生活環境中進行藝術學習。 　　學生若本身具備藝術學習的熱誠，則自然能於高中與大學階段持續修習藝術課程，並且主動於課餘時間攝取藝術知能，延續藝術學習。雖然此兩階段的藝術課程並未考量銜接性，然學生能經過學習後明確感受課程深度的差異，符合課程銜接性中順序性的考量。因此授課教師若能於課程進行前針對學生先備知識的詢問，了解學生學習背景，將更有助於藝術課程的銜接性。 / The purpose of this study was to understand the curriculum articulation status of general education on art subjects in National Chengchi University. The method of qualitative research was to interview college students and the teachers of the affiliated high school and university. The 10 members involved in the process were interviewed in depth. The interviews were recorded, transcribed, and then combined with document analyses. Finally, the conclusions and recommendations were drawn. According to the findings, teachers of the arts in either high schools or university do not consider the curriculum articulation in the course of lesson planning. The reason is mainly that it is difficult for teachers to grasp the students’ previous learning status and that teachers believe in the philosophy of teaching all comers without discrimination. Facing the curriculum without considering the articulation, the teachers adjust the course design so as to meet the students’ different learning backgrounds. In addition, teachers adopt diverse course contents and assessments, which helps activate the curriculum and enhance students' interest in learning. The university authority can also provide a proper field for learning arts, guiding students to learn arts in the school environment. Students who are enthusiastic about arts learning can naturally continue arts courses both in high school and in college and actively intake arts knowledge in their spare time, expanding arts learning. Although these arts courses during the two stages do not consider the articulation, students can still feel the differences in curriculum depth clearly, in line with the considerations of articulation in order. Therefore, if the teachers can know students' prior knowledge before class and understand the students’ learning backgrounds, it will further contribute to the articulation of the arts curriculum.

檔案素養係指個人擁有對於檔案方面的基礎知識，能夠瞭解自身檔案需求，以及具備有效率地查詢、分析、選擇、評估、利用及傳播檔案資訊的能力。但國內對於檔案應用的概念相較於圖書館的圖書館利用仍較顯薄弱，換而言之，即是檔案素養之概念較不普及。檔案界可效法圖書資訊界進行圖書館利用教育之經驗，也投入檔案利用教育之推行，並結合國內通識教育之發展，開設檔案素養通識課程，進一步培養大學生檔案素養能力。 本研究之目的，在於探討國內外檔案素養與資訊素養教育理念及其必要性，以及瞭解大學師生對於檔案素養通識課程內容規劃之意見與期許，並進一步提出較完整的大學檔案素養通識課程主題綱要與後續發展建議。 本研究參考國內外資訊素養與檔案素養相關課程綱要，整合檔案素養通識課程內容，分析歸納檔案素養通識教育所應具備的要點，並依此擬定一份檔案素養通識課程主題單元規劃。後續再搭配深度訪談法，分別由大學教師與學生雙方觀點來評估該份課綱之適用性，並依據訪談結果進行課程主題單元之調整。綜合訪談結果，本研究最終提出之檔案素養通識課程規劃有檔案知識、檔案實務工作、檔案檢索、檔案應用以及檔案倫理等五大主題，各主題之下共有22個概念單一之子單元，以供授課教師依其需求精確挑選欲與課程結合之內容。 本研究建議後續檔案素養通識課程，可彈性結合本研究歸納出之檔案素養通識課程主題綱要，建立符合教師需求之課程綱要；也可與資訊素養、文史相關通識或圖書館利用教育結合；在課程內容方面，課程設計將理論與實務相結合，使課程內容多元延伸。 / Archival literacy means that someone has the basic knowledge of archives, realizes his needs of archives, and has the abilities of searching, analyzing, choosing, evaluating, using and broadcasting archival resources. However, the concept of archival public access is not as well-known as borrowing books in the library, which means that the concept of archival literacy is less popular than library instruction. To improve the notability of archival literacy, we can follow the example of library instruction to promote archives instruction, or follow the development of general education in Taiwan to offer the archival literacy courses, which can cultivate the ability of archival literacy of college students. The purpose of this study is to explore the educational philosophy and the necessity of archival literacy and information literacy at home and abroad, and to realize the opinions and expectations of the plan of archival literacy courses from college students and teachers. Furthermore, to offer a much more complete syllabus of archival literacy courses and to make some suggestions of follow-up development. The study explores the syllabuses of information literacy and archival literacy courses at home and abroad, and integrates the contents of these courses to analyze and sum up some principles that should take into consideration while planning archival literacy courses. According to these principles, we’ll make a list of subjects and units as for the plan of archival literacy courses. The study also explores individual views and considerations by in-depth interviewing college students who had taken a course about archival literacy and teachers that are studying in the field of archives, had been working at the archives, or had lots of experience of archival accessing. From the result we adjust the syllabus to a more flexible module includes five subjects and 22 plain units. The five subjects are: (1) the knowledge of archives, (2) the practical work of archives, (3) archives retrieval, (4) archives access (5) ethic of archives. Teachers could choose any topics or units that exactly meet their demands to combine with their syllabuses. The study suggests that the archival literacy courses follow-up could choose some subjects or units from the syllabus that the study sorted out to make their syllabuses meet their demands; the archival literacy courses could be combined with historical course or library instruction. Finally, for the content of the curriculums, it should combine theory with practical works. Choose more units like visiting archives or accessing archives could excite the students’ interest and improve their wills to get into the class.

「全民國防」不僅是一種戰略、一種公民教育，也是全方位、全民參與及全民防衛的國防，從國家安全共識的整合、戰略文化的建立，均有賴全民國防理念的推廣。我國全民國防的實施，在執行架構上具有三個核心，即以憲政建設為基礎、以經濟建設為後盾、以心理建設為動力；此外，我國全民國防具備五個特色：一、從「人」來看：沒有軍人與非軍人的區別；二、從「事」來看：沒有戰爭與非戰爭的區別；三、從「時」來看：沒有戰時與非戰時的區別；四、從「地」來看：沒有戰場與非戰場的區別；五、從「物」來看：沒有武器與非武器的區別。結合以上全民國防三個核心觀念及特色，即能建構共同的全民國防意識。 作為一個以「國家安全」為主體的國防通識教育，面臨國際情勢的變遷及中共的武力威脅，勢必需要有一個新的面貌呈現。全民國防戰略層次中之國防通識教育，旨在培養兼具國防共識與國防知能的「國防人」，且要能結合學校的學術發展，配合各項國家安全需要，充實國防力量，完成全民國防之理想。從國防通識教育與國家安全、全民精神總動員、國防人力資源的建構、國防科技等層面，我們了解國防通識教育在國家總體戰略上的重要性；由國防通識教育落實全民國防理念、培育學校學生品德教育、精神教育及學校「青年動員服勤計畫」的推展執行，不難發現國防通識教育在「全民國防」中扮演的角色與功能。 / “National Defense for All the People” is not only a strategy, a kind of civic education, but also one which requires the participation and defense of all the people. The promotion of national defense concept is what matters the most from the conformity of national security recognition to the establishment of strategic culture. The implementation of national defense in our country has three cores on the execution construction: the constitutional construction as the foundation, the economic development as the backup, and the psychological construction as the power. In addition, there are five characteristics in our country’s national defense: 1.From "the people" – It does not have the difference between soldiers and non-soldiers. 2.From "the matter" – It does not have the difference between war and non-war. 3.From "the time" – It does not have the difference between wartime and non-wartime. 4.From "the place" – It does not have the difference between battlefield and non-battlefield. 5.From "the object" – It does not have the difference between weapon and non-weapon. If we combine the three cores and the characteristics of our national defense, we can construct the national defense consciousness among all people. As a general education in national defense based on national security, in the face of international circumstance vicissitude and Chinese Communist Party's threat in force, it inevitably will need some new appearance to be presented. The general education in national defense in terms of national defense strategy level is to cultivate the “National Defense People,” who possess both national defense recognition and national defense knowledge in addition to uniting the academic development in the schools, coordinating every need of national security, fulfilling the capability in national defense, and completing the ideal of national defense for all people. From the dimensions of constructing general education in national defense with national security, total mobilization of all the people, construction of the national defense human resources, and national defense science and technology, we realize the importance of general education in national defense in terms of our national overall strategy. The role and function of the general education in national defense performed in "national defense for all the people" are not hard to find among the realization of the general education for all the people, the cultivation of school students’ moral education and character guidance, along with the promotion and execution of “Service and Mobilization of the Youth.”