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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

兩岸全民國防教育比較研究

帥開圓, Shuai,Kai-Yuan Unknown Date (has links)
國防與國家安全息息相關,更與每位國民的安危禍福密不可分,因此,現代國防就是全民國防,若能獲得越多民眾的關心與支持,國防基礎就越能鞏固。「全民國防」是軍民一體、文武合一、有形戰力與無形心防合一的總體國防力量展現,不僅應考量制度面的健全與觀念普及,更須深思如何與民生相結合,以落實全民國防,達到「全民關注、全民支持、全民參與」的目標,激發國人愛國、衛國情操,堅定對國軍建軍備戰工作的信心,厚植國防安全基礎。 「全民國防」是提升一個國家自我防衛能量,確保國家安全的務實理念,也是全民參與、全民信賴、總體防衛的國防。由於現代戰爭已非單純的武力戰,而是國家整體力量的綜合展現,勝負關鍵取決於全民支援軍事作戰的能力與意志,如何持續強化全民國防教育,凝聚軍民抗敵意志,有效嚇阻敵人進犯野心,實為全民應共同正視的重要課題。本文旨在從兩岸全民國防教育相關法令規章及實施現況中,檢視並比較兩岸全民國防教育的機制,嘗試提出我國推展全民國防教育之相應措施,審視我國全民國防教育之優劣得失為何,並提出具體建議,俾提供政府、學校及軍事單位之參考。 / National Defense is closely related to national security and countrymen’s lives as well. So, modern defense is definitely all-out defense. The more supports people give, the more stable the defense foundation will be. All-out defense displays the total defense of each effort coming from the military and civilian, and the visible and invisible forces. We should not consider the system and thoughts only, but ponder how to combine it with the people’s livelihood to fulfill all-out defense, reach the goal of “getting the whole people’s attention, support, and participation”, inspire patriotism, and enhance the defense foundation. “All-out defense” is practical belief to promote self-defense ability and total defense involved and trusted by the whole people. Since modern wars are not simply forces combat, they are countries’ whole power integrated performance. The ability and will from the whole people decide the war result. How to continually enhance the all-out defense education is truly an important issue for all people. The thesis attempts to promote practical measures for the related units’ reference and inspects the pros and cons of our all-out defense in the current rules and status between the two sides of the Taiwan Straits.
2

中華民國全民國防教育法立法之研究 / The research of the act of all-out defense of ROC

潘益修 Unknown Date (has links)
全民國防是21世紀世界各國國防發展的主軸,也是檢驗一個國家一旦面臨外患時,能否經得起戰爭考驗的必要機制。國防建設與發展一向是走在國家建設事務之先,因此,愈是先進的國家,愈是重視國防建設;愈是面臨戰爭與生存威脅的國家,「全民國防」的共識與行動愈顯重要。本文旨在探討中國民國《全民國防教育法》立法的動機與過程,以及其正式施行迄今,在整體執行規劃與成效是否尚有精進或強化之空間,並就研究心得,提出後續規劃修法建議,期使「全民國防教育」之推展更臻完善,以建立其國人具有全民防衛意識的國防認知與決心,維護國家安全。 / All-out defense is the core development of national in 21st century for countries throughout the world. It is also an essential mechanism to examine whether a country can stand up to war while facing intruding enemies. Construction and development of national defense usually precede the affairs of domestic construction. Therefore, the more advanced a country is, the more they will value the construction of national defense; the more a country is threatened by war and survival, the more important it becomes to have the consensus and acts of national defense. The objective of the paper aims to discuss the legislative motive and process of all-out defense education of the Republic of China. It addresses whether there is space for advancing or strengthening in executive planning and effectiveness as a whole. The research outcome suggests the revision of subsequent planning which expects to promote better development of all-out defense education and thereby civilians build the awareness and determination of national defense in support of maintaining national security.
3

中共國防動員體系演變之研究

高明賢, Kao,Ming-Hsien Unknown Date (has links)
中共現階段強調經濟發展與國防建設同步進行的過程中,其軍事戰略也隨著後冷戰時期的國際情勢,調整至以「積極防禦」為國防建設的基本原則。而且,為因應未來戰爭「科技含量高、戰爭進程短、戰力消耗大」的要求,中共在「十六大」中提出,將在本世紀前二十年,推進國防動員建設及組織體制調整,並配合各項法令的制訂與修正,依循「軍民結合、平戰結合、寓兵於民」政策,以「平時少養兵,戰時多出兵」為建設目標,持續強化國防動員體制,以有效支援軍事作戰。這種積極防禦的架構,也正好因應了中共建構「打贏高科技條件下的局部戰爭」為目標的國防發展模式。 本研究主要係以中共國防動員體系,在毛、鄧、江時期的形成背景與發展,進而闡述中共在現階段,深刻體認高技術條件下的「人民戰爭」是比軍力、比經濟力、比民心的綜合國力較量,人民群眾參戰形式亦將由傳統的直接參戰為主轉向以間接參戰為主,而戰爭動員即有人力、物力、財力的動員,又有智力和科技的動員;有軍事動員,又有政治、經濟、心理的動員,這種綜合性動員,給了中共在強化經濟建設的同時,也積極規劃了國防動員體制平戰轉換的功能。尤其在賦予了國防動員機制的法理基礎後,就表面的體制運作來看,似乎可以落實國防動員「平時應急、戰時應戰」的效率,但就其內部的實際運作得知,中共強人專制與意識形態的堅持;法制建設與市場利益導向的權衡取捨;以及動員機制指揮間的矛盾衝突等,仍將制約著中共國防動員體制推展的進程。 中共國防動員體系包括決策機構、組織協調機構和執行機構,這三項機制形成了上下銜接、左右協調的動員指揮機制,是中共實施戰爭動員的保證,是使戰爭潛力快速轉化為戰爭實力的關鍵,尤其在覆予國防動員法制的責任與權利後,中共更可依據「憲法」和「國防法」的規範,進行全國總動員及局部動員,並藉由近幾年積極建構的民兵、武警及預備役部隊建設,作為中共非戰爭軍事武裝運用的基礎,在現階段的中共國防政策中,是可有效達成平時應急與戰時應戰的功能轉換與運用。 關鍵字:積極防禦、全民國防、國防動員、局部動員
4

從全民國防戰略論國防通識教育發展 / The Development of the General Education in National Defense from the National Defense Strategy of the People

洪淑瑾, Hung,Shu Chin Unknown Date (has links)
「全民國防」不僅是一種戰略、一種公民教育,也是全方位、全民參與及全民防衛的國防,從國家安全共識的整合、戰略文化的建立,均有賴全民國防理念的推廣。我國全民國防的實施,在執行架構上具有三個核心,即以憲政建設為基礎、以經濟建設為後盾、以心理建設為動力;此外,我國全民國防具備五個特色:一、從「人」來看:沒有軍人與非軍人的區別;二、從「事」來看:沒有戰爭與非戰爭的區別;三、從「時」來看:沒有戰時與非戰時的區別;四、從「地」來看:沒有戰場與非戰場的區別;五、從「物」來看:沒有武器與非武器的區別。結合以上全民國防三個核心觀念及特色,即能建構共同的全民國防意識。 作為一個以「國家安全」為主體的國防通識教育,面臨國際情勢的變遷及中共的武力威脅,勢必需要有一個新的面貌呈現。全民國防戰略層次中之國防通識教育,旨在培養兼具國防共識與國防知能的「國防人」,且要能結合學校的學術發展,配合各項國家安全需要,充實國防力量,完成全民國防之理想。從國防通識教育與國家安全、全民精神總動員、國防人力資源的建構、國防科技等層面,我們了解國防通識教育在國家總體戰略上的重要性;由國防通識教育落實全民國防理念、培育學校學生品德教育、精神教育及學校「青年動員服勤計畫」的推展執行,不難發現國防通識教育在「全民國防」中扮演的角色與功能。 / “National Defense for All the People” is not only a strategy, a kind of civic education, but also one which requires the participation and defense of all the people. The promotion of national defense concept is what matters the most from the conformity of national security recognition to the establishment of strategic culture. The implementation of national defense in our country has three cores on the execution construction: the constitutional construction as the foundation, the economic development as the backup, and the psychological construction as the power. In addition, there are five characteristics in our country’s national defense: 1.From "the people" – It does not have the difference between soldiers and non-soldiers. 2.From "the matter" – It does not have the difference between war and non-war. 3.From "the time" – It does not have the difference between wartime and non-wartime. 4.From "the place" – It does not have the difference between battlefield and non-battlefield. 5.From "the object" – It does not have the difference between weapon and non-weapon. If we combine the three cores and the characteristics of our national defense, we can construct the national defense consciousness among all people. As a general education in national defense based on national security, in the face of international circumstance vicissitude and Chinese Communist Party's threat in force, it inevitably will need some new appearance to be presented. The general education in national defense in terms of national defense strategy level is to cultivate the “National Defense People,” who possess both national defense recognition and national defense knowledge in addition to uniting the academic development in the schools, coordinating every need of national security, fulfilling the capability in national defense, and completing the ideal of national defense for all people. From the dimensions of constructing general education in national defense with national security, total mobilization of all the people, construction of the national defense human resources, and national defense science and technology, we realize the importance of general education in national defense in terms of our national overall strategy. The role and function of the general education in national defense performed in "national defense for all the people" are not hard to find among the realization of the general education for all the people, the cultivation of school students’ moral education and character guidance, along with the promotion and execution of “Service and Mobilization of the Youth.”
5

我國高中職軍訓制度之研究 / none

左敦雲 Unknown Date (has links)
本文論述之主題為「高中職軍訓制度」,自99學年度起,高中職校「國防通識」正式更名為「全民國防教育」課程,至此軍訓制度改革將進入嶄新的階段。全文分三部份:首先,以「文武合一」的核心概念來觀察審視中華文化與六藝教育,說明軍訓制度的「精神」、「內容」及其「形成」,先從古代生存需要及文化思想來掌握此一制度的發生情形,作為論述高中職軍訓制度的背景說明。其次,以「軍訓教育之現況」為概念,就「制度」和「功能」這兩部份加以論說,其目的欲藉由不同時期軍訓教育的不同面貌,「導向」到「全民國防教育」本身,來論說高中職軍訓制度的發展軸線,從早期「反共復國」轉向「校園安全」及「生活輔導」,突顯出軍訓教育存在校園的意義及改變。最後則是軍訓制度改革的問題,說明現階段全民國防教育的挑戰,另一說明軍訓教育制度須具備明確法源依據,實有其必要性,而此一必要性正是軍訓教育制度在長期定位模糊下所產生的諸多問題仍未解決。希冀透過以上的論述,描繪出具有「轉折」的我國高中職軍訓制度樣貌。 關鍵詞:學生軍訓、國防通識、全民國防、文武合一教育
6

從國家安全觀點探討我國全民國防與軍備發展 / A study of the ROC's all-out defense and armament development in terms of national security viewpoint

李永寧 Unknown Date (has links)
任何國家在面對安全威脅時,其關鍵在於強盛的國防軍力,現代戰爭已由「單純武力戰」轉為「全民總體戰」,而且台海一旦發生戰事,其作戰縱深短淺,已沒有前方和後方的分別,囿於國際情勢使武器外購受限,國防工業發展成為關鍵因素,我們應發展「小而精、小而強、小而巧」的國防武力,並建立全民國防理念與全民防衛動員機制,運用軍民一體的力量,共同來防衛我們的國土。本文將從「綜合性安全」的角度,以文獻分析法,透過國家安全的觀點,探討我國全民國防的建構、運用與軍備發展,並從中華民國國家安全遭受的威脅及全民防衛動員與軍備發展所面臨的挑戰,探討「全民國防」與「軍備發展」之涵義與重要性,並區分政策面、執行面兩個構面加以說明。在「政策面」的層次分析在「全民防衛動員準備法」的基礎上,闡述「全民國防的理念」與「軍備發展」;在「執行面」上,則針對塑造軍民共用之「國防工業發展」,以為「全民國防軍備體系」之實行方向等,說明全民國防與軍備發展的關係。俾整合全國產、學、研資源,推動國防和民生合一,釋出國防科技轉為民用,並藉由民生產業技術的提升,戰時能支持國防的需求,支援軍事作戰。達成「平時國防支持經建」、「戰時經建支持國防」的國家戰略目標。 / First of all whenever a country faces a threat security, the decisive point relies on the strength of its national power. This critical element has evolved over time from tangible arms forces into spiritual “All -out Defense”. Secondly due to our country’s long and narrow geography , as long as hostility breaks out across the straits, short battlefield depth makes no distinct from the area to frontline. Furthermore our foreign procurement for military we apons is subject to the international circumstance. Apparently “small but precise and strong” defense capability and All-out Defense Mechanism should be more suitable as the determining guidelines towards our defense industry. This study aims for the upcoming threats and challenges when it comes to our national security and is divided into 2 aspects: policy guidance and execution. The former focuses on the analysis of All-out Defense and Mobilization Law and sets forth concept and development tendency of the military preparedness. The latter direct at the relationship and interaction between the All -out defense and armament development. In the long term, we hope to consolidate efforts of the private sectors to develop defense technology industries, the public and civilian assets can be merged into a single whole; such combination can prompt the private sectors to support military missions in wartime and vice versa.
7

後備軍人輔導組織與全民國防之研究 / The research of the reservist military counseling organization and all-out defense

陳建良 Unknown Date (has links)
現階段我國國防戰略目標為「預防戰爭、國土防衛、應變制變、防範衝突、區域穩定」,以「防衛固守、有效嚇阻」為軍事戰略構想,並透過建構固若磐石的國防武力,使任何想侵犯台灣的軍事行為不敢輕舉妄動,然而,當戰事不可避免時,國防及戰爭並非單純的軍事行動與軍人的責任,全國軍民無人能置身事外。 後備軍人輔導組織自民國55年成立至今,所屬輔導幹部均秉持著犧牲、奉獻的精神經營各地方,協助政府推動全民國防政策及整合全民防衛動員力量,期達全民參與、全民信賴及總體防衛的全民防衛動員體系,具體實踐全民國防政策。此外,後備軍人輔導組織所推展的「組織、宣傳、安全、服務」之後備軍人四大工作,均在實際參與各項工作中累積相當的經驗。因此,後備軍人輔導組織如何有效整合全民總體力量,支援全民防衛動員,達成全民國防的最終目標,成為為本研究的重點。 我國全民國防制度是一個能凝聚全民共識、保衛國土安全的機制,後備軍人輔導組亦是機制中的一環,是國軍整體戰力的樞紐,更是國家生存發展的關鍵,所以對於後備軍人輔導組織與全民國防的研究,有其絕對的重要性。
8

高級中等學校全民國防教育「提升防衛知能」教學之研究──以新竹地區為例

彭允華 Unknown Date (has links)
89年1月5日立法院通過「國防法」,「全民國防」乙詞正式從概念轉換成法律,94年2月2日制定公佈「全民國防教育法」,「全民國防」更從理念落實成政策作法。確立「全民國防」係以國家安全為依歸,以軍事安全為核心,凝聚愛國衛國意識,建立全方位及全民參與的國防。教育是最廉價的國防,要提升全民國防教育成效,就須從學校教育做起。經由合適的課程設計,採取適切的教材教法,提升學生學習情緒,自可獲得較佳的教育成效。 本論文以我國高級中等學校全民國防教育中,學生防衛知能教學之研究為題,區分文獻分析與調查研究兩種方法進行研究。先探究全民國防教育中有關防衛知能的時代意義,並就法律面、歷史沿革與現況、防衛知能與國家社會關聯、防衛知能與民防結合等部分予以探討,以期明瞭防衛知能在前述內容所扮演的角色與功能;高中職學生在民防組織青年動員服勤的編組中,所應具備之防衛知能,平時應以協助搶救災害為主,戰時則以支援軍事勤務為目的。基此,提出處於火災、震災、水災(土石流),核生化時之自保應變作為,輔以極具應用價值之簡易急救醫療課目補強平戰時期皆適用的基本防衛知能。 在調查研究當中,對新竹地區學生實施1500份問卷,及10位資深教官與專業教育人士之訪談內容,以探究己公告之全民國防教育課程綱要(草案)各課程之安排是否妥適,若有需要時如何予以調整,以及就學習動機與教學實務中,運用何種教學方法較易獲得學生共鳴。以冀在有限之授課時數中,能達成全民國防教育提升防衛知能之教育目標為最終目的。經由上述之分析研討,交叉比對後,歸納出包含在法規探討、組織體系、課程調整、教學方法及教學實務等五方面之研究心得提供有關單位參考。 全民國防教育為我國現階段重要之國家政策,在高中職校之全民國防教育部分,舉凡師資之培育認定、課程之設計擬定及其相關宣教活動之規劃訂定,均影響本項教育工作之推展成效,如何結合各種資源及適當因應,將課程導向適用於平戰合一的知識與技能,全民國防教育提升防衛知能之教學目標方可期其有成。
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全民國防與中華民國學生軍訓教育之研究

張舜華 Unknown Date (has links)
「全民國防」是世界各國在現實主義的引導下,以國家安全為著眼,以軍事安全為前提,為有效預防及遏止敵人入侵所採取的一種作為;然而,伴隨資訊革命、科技的進步,國家安全的概念、內涵和國家安全威脅有了很複雜的變化,不能再從傳統安全觀的角度來看國家安全的發展。冷戰結束,一個全新的國際安全環境正逐漸形成。後冷戰時期的安全威脅,不是來自超級強權的軍事對抗或是軍事衝突而可能是來自天災人禍、環保、走私、販毒、疾病傳染,都應含括其中。就我國而言,長期以來中共的武力恫嚇有增無減,而近年來國內天災人禍頻仍,造成有形、無形的傷害損失,難以計數;顯示國家的安全威脅,並不僅是來自外部的軍事威脅,還包括了來自內部的天然與人為的威脅因素。因此,建立全面性的綜合性安全,乃是政府或民間都必須具有的基本共識與準備,那就是平時與戰時機制要能結合運用,因此「全民國防」將成為維護國家綜合安全最具效能的平戰結合概念。而我國「學生軍訓教育」,始終以建立愛國家、堅強心理防衛與達到全民國防為目標,正值2004年2月1日,全民國防教育法公布,又適逢軍訓制度改革之際,如何隨著社會變遷,調適其價值與功能,發現軍訓教育的核心目的,進而獲得社會認同與肯定。雖然教官的角色備受爭議,但教官終能不斷配合時代的需要而自我調適,由最初的軍事管理,轉變為傳授軍訓教學、輔導、服務學生生活以及教育服務役行政的管理者四種角色功能。這四種價值功能,已普遍獲得肯定。然而,為了使軍訓制度能永續發展,應適時檢討更改組織名稱、明訂教官角色功能、提高教官學術專業水準、協助教官取得教師資格等政策方向。本研究提出未來學生軍訓教育將隨著時代的變化,學生軍訓教育也將轉型成學校全民國防教育,成為推動「全民國防」最有效率的執行方式,而學校國防教育最終的目的,就是要能在戰時能夠動員青年學生服勤,支援軍事作戰;平時發揮人力資源,協助緊急救難、救災。為達到此一目標,未來學校全民國防教育應以青年服勤動員為軸心,建構整體架構,讓全民國防在學校教育中以青年服勤知能教育為主軸,以軍事防衛、全民防衛、平民防衛及心理防衛為骨幹,進而達到全民國防之目的。
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我國「全民防衛動員」之研究 / A Study of Civilian-Based Defense Mobilization

許偉仁, Hsu, Wei Jen Unknown Date (has links)
當前我國國防政策的基本目標為「預防戰爭、國土防衛、反恐制變」,為確保目標之達成,現階段之各項國防整備措施及建軍備戰作為,須仰賴國軍推動必要的轉型,建立一支彈性快速、高作戰性能,以及能夠滿足多元國防任務的現代化軍隊,以期能「以革新提升實力,以實力確保和平」,有效保障國家安全與國民福祉。自國軍推行「精實案」、「精進案」後,兵力結構改變,台澎防衛作戰仍以三軍聯合作戰為主要型態,但最後成敗關鍵,動員整備工作的落實與否成了很重要的因素;現行組織之編組與做法,仍有若干問題存在,亟應朝法制化、常軌化發展,建立全民防衛動員工作之正常體制與良好運作環境,方能切合時代潮流,有效發揮全民防衛戰力。 全民防衛動員成功關鍵,必須以「全民國防」的意識及作為支撐,才能夠將「有效嚇阻、防衛固守」的戰略構想賦予具體內容。其所追求的目標是:「全民關注、全民支持、全民參與」,平時透過「全民國防教育法」的各項積極作為教育民眾,支持政府從事各項國防建設,喚起民眾憂患意識,落實全民心防,端正社會風氣;進入戰時狀態即依據「全民防衛動員準備法」,整合軍民之力量,建構生命共同體,擴展愛鄉、愛國之心胸,消弭統獨族群爭議,建立正確敵情觀念,以因應威脅國家安全的各種狀況。這些重點工作,個人期望能在全民防衛動員戰略規劃中,具體將國家整體資源及社會民物力運用,做深入探討,以試圖提出今後對建軍備戰的具體建議。 / At this time point, the fundamental goal of our policies of National Defense is “Prevent the war from, the national territory defends, anti- perhaps system changes”. In order to accompolish this goal,two transitions need take place: The national defense reorganizes and outfits the measure and sets up the armament war conduct and actions.To meet the expecfation of " Promote the strength with the innovation, insure the peace with the strength" a modern troop with high flexibility and high performance,which cancomplete National Defensive mission is requined. Although the army Structure has slightly changed after the national army started “Solid case, aggressive case of the main form of Taiwan Pon Hoo Denfensive war is The armed forces consociation battles.The key to success still depends on the execution of Mobilize to reorganize and outfit the work in order to demonstrate National Defensive Force. The key to the success of All the people defends to mobilize must be supported by the concept of Civil national defense in order to materialize the strategy of Deter, defend to keep without change effectively.The aim is All the people pays attention to, all the people support, all the people participates,the Bureau of National Defense edvcates the citizens to support National Dofease and rectify social trend. Arouse the people the disaster realizes, carrying out the civil mental defence.When at war, All the people defends to mobilize to prepare the method will be activated to integrate forces of soldiers and people,construct Common body of life,demonstrate patriotism,solve the dispute of The is only the ethnicity controversy,and develop the cornect Condition of the enemy idea,in order to cope with any condition that could thneateu national security.These issues will be discussed in my All the people mobilizes the strategy programming and I will also discuss about how to fully utilize National Resources and social Force Social people's material resources in order to give specifiz suggestions on Set up the soldier general quarter .

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