Thesis (M.B.A.)--Boston University

Thesis (M.S.)--Boston University

Considering the significance of the Net Assessment in defining our national military strategic blueprint and operational processes, the objective of this research is to find out how to utilize Net Assessment to effectively develop the national defense strategy and to sufficiently elevate the integrated military capability for the demands in future wars. The United States initiated the Net Assessment development in the 1970¡¦s. Net Assessment is the comparative analysis of military, technological, political, economic, and other factors governing the relative military capability of the nations. Net Assessment is used by the US Department of Defense primarily as a long term planning tool based on analysis in the competitiveness of its rival countries, and in the balance of military might. The Net Assessment provides top executives a strategic plan that corresponds to the internationally scoped situations. By taking the advantages in the resources and capabilities of the nation, this creates opportunities to fend off the emerging or future threats while improving over the deficiencies, and thus forms the strategic directions for the subsystems such as politics, economics, psychology, military, sciences and technologies. In the course of military strategic planning, the Net Assessment can be considered as the SWOT analysis technique used in the industry, that it is an essential topic for the strategic analysis for national security. We studied the Net Assessment primarily in the scope of the national defense strategic planning. We explored the implications of the Net Assessment and its roles in the United States strategic planning through literature researches. By examining the Net Assessment in the aspects of the strategic management theories and the establishment of its processes, this revealed the relationship between the Net Assessment and the national defense strategic planning and its applications. Through the analytical studies and consolidation, one could effectively handle the analysis procedures and operations for the Net Assessment. This will fully assist the executives to understand objectively the prospect in a comprehensive and long-term view and the critical elements in the problems. While fully utilizing the functions of organizational mechanisms and operations, one could create advantageous corroborative conditions and develop defense strategies that are accurate from global vantage point such that the national security can be ultimately assured in this steadily competitive and highly variable environment.

The purpose of this study is to explore the innovation of military service, and to find a system which not only meet the requirement of military establishment but defend the national security. The research adopts the comparative method and the document analysis method to analyze and compare the profile and characteristics of the service systems in the United States, Israel, Britain, and Germany. This study is expected to meet the needs of the armed forces for the future service system by applying the result. The results argue that the innovation of military service is the trend. Therefore, it is recommended that Taiwan take the mixed volunteer system, i.e., volunteer first, conscription aided, to maintain certain Taiwan military force in preventing the invasion from the mainland China. Thus, professional forces should be established, the quota of technology substitute service should be increased, and researchers should be cultivated, thus substantially promoting national defense forces. In addition, to comply with the principles of sexual equality and justice, and to meet the requirements of national defense, increasing the female service is also an important consideration and worthy of further studies for the future military service.

The purpose of this study is to explore the cognition of national defense education among students of general/vocational senior high schools or above in southern Taiwan. The theoretical basis for this study is explored with a review of the relevant literature. From this, the research framework and tools are established and designed respectively. Stratified random sampling is adopted with students of general/vocational senior high schools or above in southern Taiwan as the research subjects. A total of 600 questionnaires were issued and 568 valid copies were collected, reaching a return rate of 95%. The data of valid questionnaires are analyzed via Independent Samples t-test and One-Way ANOVA. After data processing and analysis, the results are as follows: I. Students of general/vocational senior high schools or above in southern Taiwan have a medium-upper level of cognition with respect to national defense education. II. General/vocational senior high school or above level students in southern Taiwan are significantly different in their cognition with respect to national defense education due to variables in their personal backgrounds. 1. Male students have a significantly perceive the aspects and overall concepts of national defense education better than female students. 2. Students of public schools have stronger ¡§cognitions¡¨ and ¡§attitudes¡¨ concerning national defense education and perceive the overall concepts of national defense education better than those of private schools. 3. Students of general/vocational senior high schools show stronger ¡§cognition¡¨ towards national defense education than college/university students; students of vocational senior high schools show stronger ¡§cognition concerning the overall national defense education¡¨ than vocational college/university students. 4. Students who have joined national defense education related activities two or three times show a stronger ¡§attitude¡¨ than those joining related activities no more than once. 5. Students attend school in Tainan city show stronger ¡§behavior,¡¨ ¡§cognition,¡¨ and ¡§cognition concerning overall national defense education¡¨ than those who attend school in Kaohsiung city.

In the wake of changes in international politics and military situations, considerations for global and regional security have changed accordingly, and the nature of factors leading to conflicts and possible threat forms have also changed constantly. Amid in such new situations of global strategy, we should also view the security threats faced by Taiwan and national strategies of Taiwan from more broad perspectives and make necessary changes to them. Lien Chan, chairman of Kuomingtang, and James Soong, chairman of People First Party, visited China in late April 2005 and early May 2005 repectively, and talked with leaders of China and reached some points of consensus with them. However, China has still retained its policy to invade Taiwan with military forces and is still suffocating the survival space of Taiwan in international arena. China has adopted a measure ¡§political opposition, military confrontation,¡¨ which has proved the most serious threat to national security of Taiwan. Taking the role of world cop and in consideration of her interests in East Asia, the United States has deeply got involved in the peace and military security policies or actions in the Taiwan Strait. Taiwan¡¦s political and economic situations and revolution in military affairs (RMA) have been constrained, intangibly and substantively, by China and the United States. It is natural for most Taiwanese people to think that Taiwan¡¦s budgets for defense and military construction will be more or less influenced by major political incidents that involve the United States, China, and Taiwan. In recent years, Taiwan has been an open society and people have been eager to speak out. The immense budgets of units of the Ministry of National Defense and secret examinations of confidential budgets have indirectly caused insufficient needs of Taiwanese people for the cognition of the budget structure for national defense. This discourse tries to investigate how China¡¦s policy of propaganda attacks and military threats to Taiwan, announcements of national security policies of the United States and China that have to do with Taiwan, and the delicate changes in major political events in Taiwan have influcenced the budgeting of Taiwan¡¦s national defense in recent ten years.

Thesis (Ed.D.)--Boston University / PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you. / 2031-01-01

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「全民國防」不僅是一種戰略、一種公民教育，也是全方位、全民參與及全民防衛的國防，從國家安全共識的整合、戰略文化的建立，均有賴全民國防理念的推廣。我國全民國防的實施，在執行架構上具有三個核心，即以憲政建設為基礎、以經濟建設為後盾、以心理建設為動力；此外，我國全民國防具備五個特色：一、從「人」來看：沒有軍人與非軍人的區別；二、從「事」來看：沒有戰爭與非戰爭的區別；三、從「時」來看：沒有戰時與非戰時的區別；四、從「地」來看：沒有戰場與非戰場的區別；五、從「物」來看：沒有武器與非武器的區別。結合以上全民國防三個核心觀念及特色，即能建構共同的全民國防意識。 作為一個以「國家安全」為主體的國防通識教育，面臨國際情勢的變遷及中共的武力威脅，勢必需要有一個新的面貌呈現。全民國防戰略層次中之國防通識教育，旨在培養兼具國防共識與國防知能的「國防人」，且要能結合學校的學術發展，配合各項國家安全需要，充實國防力量，完成全民國防之理想。從國防通識教育與國家安全、全民精神總動員、國防人力資源的建構、國防科技等層面，我們了解國防通識教育在國家總體戰略上的重要性；由國防通識教育落實全民國防理念、培育學校學生品德教育、精神教育及學校「青年動員服勤計畫」的推展執行，不難發現國防通識教育在「全民國防」中扮演的角色與功能。 / “National Defense for All the People” is not only a strategy, a kind of civic education, but also one which requires the participation and defense of all the people. The promotion of national defense concept is what matters the most from the conformity of national security recognition to the establishment of strategic culture. The implementation of national defense in our country has three cores on the execution construction: the constitutional construction as the foundation, the economic development as the backup, and the psychological construction as the power. In addition, there are five characteristics in our country’s national defense: 1.From "the people" – It does not have the difference between soldiers and non-soldiers. 2.From "the matter" – It does not have the difference between war and non-war. 3.From "the time" – It does not have the difference between wartime and non-wartime. 4.From "the place" – It does not have the difference between battlefield and non-battlefield. 5.From "the object" – It does not have the difference between weapon and non-weapon. If we combine the three cores and the characteristics of our national defense, we can construct the national defense consciousness among all people. As a general education in national defense based on national security, in the face of international circumstance vicissitude and Chinese Communist Party's threat in force, it inevitably will need some new appearance to be presented. The general education in national defense in terms of national defense strategy level is to cultivate the “National Defense People,” who possess both national defense recognition and national defense knowledge in addition to uniting the academic development in the schools, coordinating every need of national security, fulfilling the capability in national defense, and completing the ideal of national defense for all people. From the dimensions of constructing general education in national defense with national security, total mobilization of all the people, construction of the national defense human resources, and national defense science and technology, we realize the importance of general education in national defense in terms of our national overall strategy. The role and function of the general education in national defense performed in "national defense for all the people" are not hard to find among the realization of the general education for all the people, the cultivation of school students’ moral education and character guidance, along with the promotion and execution of “Service and Mobilization of the Youth.”

全民國防是21世紀世界各國國防發展的主軸，也是檢驗一個國家一旦面臨外患時，能否經得起戰爭考驗的必要機制。國防建設與發展一向是走在國家建設事務之先，因此，愈是先進的國家，愈是重視國防建設；愈是面臨戰爭與生存威脅的國家，「全民國防」的共識與行動愈顯重要。本文旨在探討中國民國《全民國防教育法》立法的動機與過程，以及其正式施行迄今，在整體執行規劃與成效是否尚有精進或強化之空間，並就研究心得，提出後續規劃修法建議，期使「全民國防教育」之推展更臻完善，以建立其國人具有全民防衛意識的國防認知與決心，維護國家安全。 / All-out defense is the core development of national in 21st century for countries throughout the world. It is also an essential mechanism to examine whether a country can stand up to war while facing intruding enemies. Construction and development of national defense usually precede the affairs of domestic construction. Therefore, the more advanced a country is, the more they will value the construction of national defense; the more a country is threatened by war and survival, the more important it becomes to have the consensus and acts of national defense. The objective of the paper aims to discuss the legislative motive and process of all-out defense education of the Republic of China. It addresses whether there is space for advancing or strengthening in executive planning and effectiveness as a whole. The research outcome suggests the revision of subsequent planning which expects to promote better development of all-out defense education and thereby civilians build the awareness and determination of national defense in support of maintaining national security.