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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

智慧財產權擔保──以我國質權人與出質人為中心 / Study on security rights in intellectual property right : focusing on pledgee and pledgor in Taiwan

蔡宇迪, Tsai, Yu Ti Unknown Date (has links)
智慧財產權在現代經濟活動中,所扮演的角色日趨重要,其所擁有的價值,也越來越來企業所看重,然而,智慧財產權雖具有重要價值,但相對於有形資產而言,在現代社會的擔保交易中,智慧財產權卻鮮少轉換成相當價值來擔保債務,亦即,具有價值的智慧財產權無法再轉化成資金動能,來幫助企業藉此再投入生產活動,發展更多更佳的智慧財產權。而如何完整建構智慧財產權擔保權的法規,即成為鼓勵社會使用智慧財產權擔保制度的重點之一。 本文先整理外國法擔保制度和登記制度的設計,再與我國法的權利質權制度比較,本文以為有以下可為我國借鏡之處。首先,在現行法制度下,登記須作為對抗第三人的前提,而不是在未登記的情況下,仍可產生物權效力對抗第三人。再者,為對抗第三人要件的例外,其主觀要件應於法規上一致,避免出現歧異;並且應使通常商業過程中的非專屬授權成為例外,使質權人、出質人、非專屬被授權人獲得三贏局面。 在登記所產生的效力上,應採登記對抗或登記生效,本文以為在參考外國施行情況,採二者中的何者均無不可,但必須注意到登記生效制度所需對應的成本,相較於登記對抗制度較為龐大。惟縱使維持現行登記對抗制度,亦須針對智慧財產權作為客體,始能設計一套符合其特性的制度,例如專利權的專利證書返還,不應認為得準用動產質權,而使權利質權消滅。 依據我國現行法所進行的質權交易,本文以為在設定質權前後均有需注意甚至應訂入契約條款的事項。在設定質權之前,質權人應注意智慧財產權所有權移轉應注意的事項,並進行盡職查核,因在變價中,買受人等同於受讓人,將會注意同樣的事項而定智慧財產權之價值,也會連帶影響質權人的債權是否實現。 而在設定質權後的關係上,質權人應注意在契約條款中訂定出質人的管理義務,尤其在商標權設定質權方面,因為商品或服務的品質,一定程度上決定了商標權的價值,若在設定前後,其商品或服務的品質無法保持一致,將會造成商標權價值的減損,進而影響債權實現的可能。再者,是孳息的收取權屬於何人,目前見解尚未一致,然權利金為重要收入來源,雙方當事人應將孳息收取權訂入契約中,避免我國見解不一致所造成的風險。 最後,是民法上關於變更或消滅行為,本文以為,其違反的效果,應以登記與否作為判斷基準,不得一概而論地定其效果。例如專利更正或商標消滅,有登記即可對抗第三人;但未登記,則為可回復,但不得對抗期間內利用的第三人。重複設質,先設定質權人有登記,則可對抗第三人,且得優先清償;若先設定質權人未登記,則不得對抗第三人,故後設定質權人仍有質權,並在清償時需以登記與否作為優先的判斷;變更或消滅行為的同意權,先設定質權人有登記,則後設定質權未得先設定質權人同意應為無效,自無同意權共享的問題;若先設定質權人未登記,則需與後設定質權人共享同意權。在轉讓或授權的情形,質權人若有登記,則可對抗受讓人或被授權人,在未得其同意的情形下,實行質權時得除去其權利;若未登記,則不得對抗受讓人或被授權人,亦不得除去其權利。
2

財產保險保險金受領權人變動之研究─以火災保險為論述中心 / The Alternation of Property Insurance Payee

李諭政, Eugenae Lee Unknown Date (has links)
本文以法律之角度去探討財產保險保險金受領權人變動,所牽涉之變動目 的、構成要件與效果之問題。論文概分為兩大部份,第一部份為討論因法 律規定所致之受領權人變動情形,下分為四小部份,而分別以買賣契約關 係、抵押權關係、保留所有權買賣契約關係以及讓與擔保關係,去審視我 國保險法第十八條與民法第八八一條規定之適用情況與妥當性。第二部份 則討論因當事人意思表示所致之變動情形,下亦分為四小部份,受益人指 定、抵押權條款、保險金債權之讓與擔保以及保險金債權之質權設定, 討論其成立要件與效果。 / This thesis research the alternation of property insurance payee from law angle. Include two part. First, is alternation by law, research the Insurance Law §18 and Civil Law §881 by sale relation, mortgage relation, conditional sale relation, and lien relation. Second, is alternation by contract, include loss payee clause, mortgage clause, assign insurance proceeds for lien, and lien of insurance proceeds.
3

智財交易於所得稅法體系定位與爭議問題 / A Legal analysis of IP transactions under the income tax system

李容嘉, Li, Jung Chia Unknown Date (has links)
交易標的物,可分為物、勞務、權利。在過去,智慧財產等權利的價值,往往透過物或勞務之交易才能間接地展現。如今在智慧財產日益重要之知識經濟中,以智慧財產直接作為交易標的物的商業模式,愈趨頻繁。此一直接智財交易之相關會計及租稅問題,值得進行體系化研究。本研究旨在分析直接智財交易可能產生的營利事業所得稅問題。本研究將直接智財交易分為權利買賣讓與(所有權移轉)、權利的融資擔保(價值權)及權利的使用收益(用益權),針對各項爭點,分析問題形成的原因及可能造成的影響,並提出解決之道。 本研究分析後發現,目前稅法體系僅能掌握間接智財交易,因此未來修法時應將直接智財交易明文納入所得稅法體系之中。其次,智財交易多為跨國交易,但因與台灣訂有租稅協定的國家為數不多,為避免重複課稅,本研究建議對於來源地認定,應採取「經濟關聯」的認定標準。再者,針對著作權設質融資,由於著作權欠缺公示制度,本研究認為可能造成誤將讓與擔保當成買賣讓與而不公平地課徵所得稅,因此建議將讓與擔保分別處理。最後,對於智財作價入股之課稅時點,本研究認為,應依新創事業創立與為犒賞員工之目的分別處理,並依本研究所提出之指標個案認定。 / Objects of transactions can be tangible property, labor service, and rights. Intellectual property (IP) as right used to manifest its value most indirectly through transactions of tangible property and labor service. In a knowledge-based economy where IP becomes more important than ever before, business models based on direct transactions of IP have gained more popularity. As a result, a systematic research on accounting and taxation issues of IP transactions is urgent. This study aims to examine corporate income tax issues related to sales, collateral-based financing, and usufructs in direct IP transactions. After analyzing potential controversies and their causes and effects, the study proposes some feasible solutions to such disputes. The analysis shows that the existing income tax system does not apply well to direct IP transactions, and such transactions should be considered in future amendments of the Income Tax Act. Next, as IP transactions are usually involved in cross-border transactions and potentially subject to double taxation, given the fact that Taiwan has tax treaties only with a few countries, this study suggests identification of income origin be based on the economic connection so as to avoid unfair double taxation. Thirdly, as copyright lacks a public disclosure system and hence a copyright-backed financing deal may be mistakenly treated as sales rather than transfer guaranty and be unfairly taxed, this study suggests a separate treatment for such transactions. Finally, regarding taxation on stocks exchanged for IP, this study suggests differentiating the timing of taxation for encouraging new venture formation from that for rewarding employees, based on certain proposed criteria.

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