隨著近年來兩岸政情局勢和緩，經貿交流愈來愈熱絡，自從2010年6月29日簽訂兩岸經濟合作協定（ECFA）後，陸資來臺投資規模開始持續增長。尤其中國大陸紫光集團於2015年12月14日提出針對臺灣以封測為主體的矽品公司之併購案，計畫以新臺幣五百六十八億元取得近25%股權，創陸資收購臺灣上市公司的最高紀錄。這也顯示陸資對臺投資正加速其影響層面，惟我國文獻大多是針對臺灣企業赴大陸投資進行探討，卻少有文獻討論陸資企業在臺投資的進入模式。 本研究以2013年144家陸資企業為實證對象，分別運用Multinomial Logistic Model與Tobit Model等兩種模型進行兩階段實證分析。由第一階段實證結果發現，「國有企業」、「進入時間」、「技術來源-大陸母公司」、「技術來源-合資企業提供」及「市場風險-政治環境不穩定」等五項解釋變數係陸資在臺投資進入模式的重要影響因素。第二階段實證則發現，「民營企業」、「進入時間」、「市場動機」及「技術來源-合資企業」等四項變數是陸資在臺投資股權配置之重要影響因素。而其中廠商特性之「投資人屬性」、投資特性之「進入時間」與要素特性之「技術來源」等三個構面在兩階段實證研究均具有顯著性，表示這三項變數是陸資在臺投資進入模式與股權配置之關鍵因素。

西元1999年起中國大陸對外投資政策推動方向自「引進來」改採「走出去」策略，對我國吸引陸資來臺以帶動經濟發展是為最佳契機，惟兩岸關係特殊，我國開放陸資來臺政策2009年始開始實施。對企業而言，通常獲取極大利益為其主要目標，而採取對外投資即是一種方式，以拓展市場版圖。然而企業欲對於海外不熟悉之市場進行投資，首先要面對的問題就是「何時」進入才屬適當。 故本研究利用經濟部投資審議委員會2013年所調查之「陸資投資事業營運狀況調查表」之187家陸資投資事業為對象，並運用Probit模型探討在廠商規模、國際經驗、獲利情形、進入模式、市場動機、勞動素質、研發技術、大陸政策推動及臺灣政策限制等情況下，是否對陸資來臺投資時間點選擇具有重大影響。 本研究結果發現，「獲利情形」、「進入模式」「勞動素質」及「大陸政策推動」為陸資來臺投資時間點選擇之重要影響因素，即說明陸資在臺投資廠商，在配合大陸積極推動「走出去」政策情形下，由於臺灣勞工人口受教育程度愈高，勞動素質較優，可降低生產成本，提高獲利能力，故選擇較早進入臺灣市場投資。且因對陸資廠商而言，臺灣市場尚屬陌生環境，在衡量其投資之成本效益後，將先以已對臺灣市場瞭解之投資客或當地廠商合夥經營，來獲取較高報酬。

在中國大陸積極發展對外投資與國際貿易全球化的趨勢下，兩岸經濟貿易交流也加速展開。經濟部自2009年起正式核准陸資來臺投資，期望能為臺灣企業開啟國際競爭的大門，並透過海外資金挹注帶動產業成長。過去相關文獻主要以臺商赴大陸投資為研究對象，反之，探討陸資來臺議題者尚且不多，本研究以經濟部2013年陸資在臺投資事業營運狀況問卷調查資料中，實際從事中間財採購活動之陸資廠商為對象，運用Multinomial logistic模型，分別由廠商特性、動機特性及產業特性等三大構面，探討影響陸資在臺投資事業選擇「在臺灣當地採購」、「自中國大陸進口」及「同時自臺灣與大陸採購」的決定因素。 經由實證研究發現，相較於僅自中國大陸進口中間財而言，「廠商規模」、「技術來源」及「資源追求型」、「市場追求型」、「效率追求型」投資動機等五項變數為影響在臺陸資廠商選擇自臺灣採購中間財的重要決定因素；其次，在臺陸資廠商是否選擇同時自臺灣與中國大陸兩地採購，或僅自中國大陸進口中間財，則主要受「廠商規模」、「技術來源」及「效率追求型」投資動機等三項變數影響。

台灣開放陸資赴台直接投資已逾七年，相關投資法制體系初步形成，而法制環境對評估投資而言，一直都是最重要的影響因素。本文基於對陸資赴台投資直接適用之法令，並結合與之相關的其他法規範，通過研究，對陸資赴台直接投資之法制有較為清晰之認識。 由於台灣對陸資與僑外資採分別立法管轄，並將陸資經由第三地區公司赴台投資視為陸資間接投資，與陸資直接投資適用相同之法律規範。故本文首先對陸資的意涵進行分析，釐清其所指代的範圍，並說明主管機關在實務認定上的要點。其次，本文結合台灣公司法上涉及股東出資的相關規定，對陸資赴台直接投資可為之出資方式進行討論。最後，陸資投資業別項目的歷次開放說明，以及陸資可選擇之投資型態亦為本文論述的重點，目的在於明確現階段台灣市場對陸資的開放程度，以及陸資的相關投資待遇。 在對陸資赴台進行了法令結合實務的研究之後，本文進一步將其與外資赴台投資進行比較分析，並從開放投資業別項目、投資主體身分限制、申請程序、後續核查機制四個方面論述了二者投資台灣的差別待遇。兩岸雖然已經在逐步減少投資限制，促進投資便利化等方面達成協議，但台灣對陸資與外資在事實上的差別對待仍然較為明顯。 隨著陸資赴台投資逐漸顯現其正面效益，台灣同樣應該對現行的陸資政策進行檢討，適時作出調整，逐步放寬對陸資的限制，改善陸資投資環境。 / Taiwan has permitted Mainland China to make direct investment in the Island over seven years, and the relevant preliminary legal investment system has been formed. This thesis has made a research on the directly applicable laws for the direct mainland investment in Taiwan and other related laws and regulations, so as to give readers a clearer understanding of the law of direct investment in Taiwan. Considering that Taiwan has made different laws to manage mainland investment and overseas investment, firstly, this paper analyzes the connation of mainland investment and clarifies its meaning ranges. Secondly, combined with the part of contributions of shareholder stated on Taiwan company law, the paper also discussed what way the investors from mainland could choose to make direct investment in Taiwan.Finally, descriptions of all previous business categories that could be invested and investment patterns that could be chosen by mainland investors are also the important discussion points of the paper. After a research combining the practice with regulations, this thesis will make a further contrasting analysis of mainland investment with the foreign investment in Taiwan, as well as their treatment difference for aspects of opening investment projects, investment restrictions on the identity, application procedures and the subsequent verification mechanism. Although, the two sides have gradually reduced investment restrictions and promote to make agreements on investment facilitation, there are still obvious differences of Taiwan’s treatment on mainland investment and foreign investment. As mainland investment is gradually making positive effect on Taiwan’s development, Taiwan should also review the current policy on mainland investment and make timely adjustments, so as to slowly relieve its restrictions and improve the investment environment for mainland investors.

台灣自加入世界貿易組織（WTO）後，已對於服務業市場進行逐步開放，然面對全球服務貿易自由化之趨勢，以及我國產業結構面臨調整轉型之際，政府欲藉由服務業之發展，帶動經濟成長，使服務業成為我國經濟發展的新動能。由2004年行政院所提出「十二大服務業發展綱領及行動方案」至2009年推動的「服務業發展方案」，未來持續推動六大新興產業、十大重點服務業等細部措施，可看出政府近年來對於服務業的國內發展和對外拓展重視程度不斷增加，期望能將整體服務業的附加價值提升，創造就業機會，增進整體經濟與生活品質。 台灣於2002年加入世界貿易組織，服務業開放承諾項目共計119項，惟對中國大陸並未按照入會承諾履行開放義務，直到2010年6月29日，我國與中國大陸簽署兩岸經濟合作架構協議（Cross-Straits Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement; 以下簡稱ECFA），開啟兩岸經貿自由化之契機，依兩岸經濟合作架構協議第4條規定，雙方後續將推動服務貿易協議，進一步開放服務業市場，未來我國將面臨服務業對中國大陸履行入會承諾之壓力。 本研究將分析兩岸服務業發展現況、相互開放情形及我國對中國大陸開放服務業之原則，探討未來ECFA服務貿易協議我國於協商時可能面臨之挑戰及市場開放議題可能涉及問題，並提出政策建議。 / Since Taiwan acceded to WTO, its services market has been stepping up the process of liberalization. However, confronting the trend of global liberalization of services trade and the change of industry structure, Taiwan government would like to boost its economic growth by developing services industry. The policies “A guiding plan for development of services (2004)” and “The program of services industry development (2009)” will keep promoting the six rising industries and the ten key services. Taiwan government focuses on not only its domestic but also foreign services markets in these years, hoping to increase the value added, employment opportunities and quality of life. Taiwan acceded to WTO in 2002 and opened 119 services sectors in GATS. But it didn’t fulfill its commitment of opening its services market to Mainland China. After, the signing of Cross-Strait Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement, ECFA on June 29, 2010,both governments have formally started the trade liberalization. According to ECFA Article 4, Both parties will enter into negotiation of an agreement on trade in services, for further liberalization of services market. By the time, Taiwan will encounter great difficulties in liberalizing its domestic market and the pressure of fulfilling its commitments in GATS. The study will try to analyze the liberalization status of cross-straits services market, the principle of Taiwan market liberalization to Mainland China, the difficulties of negotiation on trade in services, the issues regarding market access and suggestions.

長期以來，臺灣與中國大陸的經貿關係發展密切，中國大陸已成為臺灣最大的進出口貿易國家。2009年開放陸資來臺投資，提升國內產業動能，在全球區域經濟整合的風潮下，2010年兩岸簽署ECFA，並於2012年簽訂兩岸投資保障協議，中國大陸企業來臺投資金額大幅增加。 由於過去文獻多以臺商赴大陸投資作為主要研究，鮮少針對陸資來臺投資進行研究，故本文以2013年經濟部「陸資投資事業營運狀況調查」之問卷作為研究資料，受訪者均為來臺投資的陸資企業，探討兩岸在ECFA和投資保障協議生效後，影響其產品附加價值的決定因素。 運用Probit Model進行實證研究，分別由「廠商特性」、「產業性質」及「經營策略」三方面來分析。經實證研究結果發現，在臺陸資企業的「公司規模」、「政府獎勵補助」、「發展品牌策略」及「策略聯盟」等四項變數，對產品附加價值有顯著的影響，其中廠商特性中的「公司規模」，以及經營策略中的「發展品牌策略」具有穩定的顯著水準，表示其為影響在臺陸資產品附加價值的關鍵決定因素。

2009年6月30日政府開放陸資來台投資，經濟部統計至2012年4月止，累計核准陸資來臺投資件數為246件，核准投(增)資金額計2億8千萬美元。陸資來台基本上仍處小規模、試探性階段。在兩岸經貿關係逐步深化之後，政府未來是否有比照僑外投資方式開放陸資來台投資之可能，使陸資來台投資，轉化為我國經濟發展的正面能量，值得探討。因而，本研究之目的如下：(一)探討陸資來台投資之動機(二)陸資與外資來台投資政策及規範之比較分析(三)提出具體建議提供政府擬定陸資來台投資政策之參考。 本研究以文獻分析及個案深度訪談方法，就陸資來台投資之製造業、服務業中選出具代表性個案，計4家陸資企業進行訪談；另為陸資與外資來台投資政策及規範之比較分析，選定2家具代表性外資企業進行訪談，以為本研究之目的進行探討，並提出具體政策建議。 研究發現陸資來台投資動機主要為獲取先進技術與經營管理經驗、響應中國大陸政府對台投資政策、拓展市場，擴大出口，進行全球化佈局等，來台投資除企業對外投資經濟層面動機外，尚有響應中國大陸政策，積極推動陸資企業來台投資佈局之政策性動機存在。而就陸資與外資來台投資政策差異，政府主要對陸資採「先緊後鬆、循序漸進、先有成果、再行擴大」的原則政策，對外資則採獎勵投資、減少外人投資障礙之開放政策；在陸資來台投資項目係採正面表列，所開放的項目係以國內發展成熟且不會對國內經濟造成負面衝擊的產業為主；而外資來台投資項目則採負面表列方式管理，除少數基於國家安全、公共秩序、善良風俗或國民健康考量及法律明定或國際協定予以禁止以及部分特許行業加以有條件限制外，均予以開放，開放程度已達95％以上。 本研究提出具體建議提供政府擬定陸資來台投資政策之參考，建議政府可參照開放外資投資政策，擴大開放陸資來台投資政策，將陸資來台投資項目從正面表列改以開放的負面表列管理，惟就擴大開放陸資來台投資政策下，政府對相關可能造成負面衝擊之影響，建議亦應有相關配套產業政策：如推動兩岸新型產業合作、輔導弱勢產業轉型與升級，以因應未來擴大開放趨勢、關鍵技術產業智慧財產權之保障、儘速簽署投資保障協議等，以為因應，降低衝擊之影響。另就陸資來台投資法令規範，建議建立完善投資審查機制，以防衛國家安全及因應關鍵技術流失之不利衝擊，另建議放寬大陸人員來台進出之法令、陸資購置不動產相關法令，以利陸資來台投資。 / Taiwan’s Government deregulated the investment capital of Mainland China in Taiwan on June 30, 2009. According to the statistical data of Ministry of Economic Affairs, up to April 2012, Mainland China investment in Taiwan has accumulated to 246 cases and the accumulated amount of investment (incl. capital increase) is US$280 million. Basically, the Mainland China capital investment in Taiwan is still in small scale. Following the gradual deepening of cross-strait economic and trading relationship, it is worthwhile to probe into the possibility of treating the Mainland China capital investment in Taiwan as ordinary foreign investment in Taiwan and turning it into positive energy of the economic development of Taiwan. The purposes of this research are such as following: 1) The motive of Mainland China capital investing in Taiwan, 2) Comparison and analysis of the policies and regulation of Mainland China capital and traditional foreign investment, and 3) Proposing practical suggestions for reference of the government in formulating Mainland China capital investment policy. By Literature Analysis Approach and in Case Interview Method, the research selected representing cases of Mainland China investment in manufacturing and in services industries. There were 4 Mainland China capital enterprises interviewed. Also by comparative analysis on the policies and regulations of traditional foreign investment and Mainland China capital investment, two representing foreign invested enterprises were interview. The efforts pointed directly to the purposes of the research as well as providing practical policy suggestions. It is found that the motives of Mainland China capital investment in Taiwan are mainly in obtaining advance techniques and operating and management experience, echoing the Taiwan Investment Policy of Mainland China government, developing market, expanding export and globalization deployment. Besides the economic motives in foreign investment of the Mainland China enterprises, they are also echoing the policy of mainland China government and actively to deploy their investment in Taiwan. In the difference of policies of Taiwan Government toward Mainland China capital and traditional foreign capital, Taiwan government is working in the principle of “Tight firstly then loose, Moving progressively, See the result before expansion” to the Mainland China capital investment, while it is in encouraging and reducing barrier to foreign investment to the traditional foreign investment. Under the control of Mainland China capital, it is subject to positive listing, and the items opened is the industries that are matured and will not result in negative impact on the domestic economy. In addition, under the control of foreign capital investment, it is rather in negative listing, that only the industries are excluded based on national security, public order, decent customs or national health, or those forbidden specifically under law or international treaty, or the charter business, all others are opened and the level of open reached 95%. This research provided practical suggestions for the reference of government in formulating the Mainland China capital investment. We suggest that the government shall take reference of policy for opening foreign investment to expand the scope for Mainland China capital investment and turn the positive listing to negative listing in administration, but under the expanding liberalization of Mainland China capital investment, the government shall guard off the negative impacts with packaged industry policy such as new cross-strait industry cooperation, assisting the transformation or upgrading of disadvantage industry to cope with future expansion, Key techniques industry and intellectual property right protection and speed up investment protection treaty, so as to reduce the impact. In the part of legislation and regulatory of investments of Mainland China Capital, it is suggested to build complete investment review mechanism to defend national security and to cope with the unfavorable impact resulted from loss of key techniques. We will also suggest deregulating the purchasing of real estate to induce the investment of Mainland China capital under the control of the entry and exit of Mainland China people.