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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

毛澤東與韓戰:介入背景、決策過程和動機

徐相文 Unknown Date (has links)
本文的構成如下。從第一、二章探討戰爭爆發的原因,第三、四章討論中國國內準備軍事介入階段,第五、六章討論中國實際介入戰爭的開始階段。 第一章的主要內容如下。從東北亞地緣政治關係的改變與持續的觀點,闡明中國人對韓半島的地緣政治認識,闡述中國人的認識是怎樣隨著歷史條件與周邊環境的變化而改變並持續的。大體上可以以鴉片戰爭為契機分為兩個階段。鴉片戰爭以前,根據傳統的「冊封朝貢」關係形成華夷秩序,使韓半島維持了幾個世紀的和平。其後面臨西力東漸,中國的世界秩序開始動搖,雖然中國對韓半島的地緣政治認識加強了,但中國因自身衰退成為西方侵略的對象,結果使韓半島受到日本的殖民統治,一直持續到第二次世界大戰結束為止。隨後闡述了雅爾達體系的形成及其內容的公開,與從歐洲開始的美蘇冷戰向東北亞擴散的過程,最後簡述東北亞勢力的重整與中國內戰導致東北亞國際關係勢力重整等問題。 第二章探尋金日成、史達林、毛澤東三角軸形成的過程。具體考察了金日成兩次訪問史達林,要求其承認南侵戰爭,到以獲得毛澤東同意為條件並得到承認的過程,並探究史達林承認南侵後毛澤東同意的背景。 第三章與第四章是毛澤東決定介入韓戰的過程。第三章解析了戰爭爆發後毛澤東對時局的判斷。考察北韓奇襲南侵與韓國政府的對應、共產圈將發動戰爭合理化、美國的軍事介入與「臺灣地位未定論」的擡頭、對「解放」臺灣失敗可能性的危機意識,與毛澤東對美「包圍中國論」的認識,並探尋毛澤東延緩「解放」臺灣的背景與原因等。第四章把焦點放在毛澤東的初期對應上。主要內容有毛澤東將初期韓戰與中國承認問題聯繫起來的過程、為防止防禦與介入出現意外而採取雙重軍事預備措施的過程與內容,還有為進行戰爭建立的各種後方支援體系與防空體制,戰爭爆發後蘇聯與北韓的互相幫助、準備戰時軍事動員等內容。 第五章分析了毛澤東從觀望到介入的背景與動機。探尋1950年9月中旬聯合國軍成功登陸仁川,戰況發生逆轉後,毛澤東對韓半島的戰術指導與決定派兵的時機。然後以金日成因10月初聯合國軍與韓國軍北進陷入危機,向蘇聯與中國申請救援為中心,考察了之前中國對美國的警告、毛澤東將派兵介入提交給中國領導層並最終使其成為黨論的過程、毛澤東與史達林於派兵條件討價還價的內容。 第六章著重說明毛澤東介入韓戰的動機、介入後與美軍戰鬥的勝算與如何對策等問題。在毛澤東介入的動機方面,本文從幾個觀點闡明。首先,考察了毛澤東對韓半島的戰略認識,結果確認「唇亡齒寒」是中國一貫對待韓半島的地緣政治觀點。第二,毛澤東事先判斷美國會攻擊中國東北,為了有效防禦中國東北地區,提出了與其在本土防禦不如直接進入北韓來防禦的論點。在此動機下,採取了派兵進入北韓先發制人的戰術。第三,毛澤東在軍事介入時主要考慮了三件事:為達成群眾運動與社會統一的國內政治目的,而將戰爭轉移到國外;與蘇聯維持關係;中國對北韓政權的報恩觀念。中共的報恩觀念,指對在抗日戰爭與國共內戰時,加入共軍協助中共建立政權的韓人的中華主義感恩意識。此外,毛澤東不屈不撓的性格與主戰意志,也是派兵介入戰爭的決定性因素。
2

古代日韓の造瓦技術と生産体制

崔, 英姫 25 March 2019 (has links)
京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・論文博士 / 博士(文学) / 乙第13226号 / 論文博第644号 / 新制||文||675(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院文学研究科歴史文化学専攻 / (主査)教授 吉井 秀夫, 教授 吉本 道雅, 准教授 下垣 仁志, 上原 真人 / 学位規則第4条第2項該当 / Doctor of Letters / Kyoto University / DGAM
3

現階段中國對韓半島政策:以地緣經濟學觀點分析 / Contemporary Chian's Policy toward Korean Peninsula: A Geoeconomic Perspective

河凡植, Ha, Bum Sig Unknown Date (has links)
進入21世紀以來,隨著經濟全球化和地區經濟一體化的深化,中國推動韓半島政策,對外戰略而言含有諸多作為:第一、謀求擴大經濟利益;第二、作為地緣經濟戰略夥伴;第三、作為主導東北亞地區地緣經濟合作的管道。 為此,中國著眼於中、韓、朝三方的國家發展需求和地緣經濟互補性,謀求加強與南北韓政治經濟合作的發展,同時,以三方之間地緣經濟合作優勢確保其在韓半島的影響力,在此基礎上,中國謀求消除韓半島安全不確定性,牽制美國影響力和日本勢力。從此觀點來看,中國對韓半島政策就是中國對外戰略的出發點。 從地緣經濟戰略觀點而言,中國與韓半島關係不僅與中國營造發展經濟良好周邊環境有關,而且中國在中韓、中朝關係上具有政治經濟合作利益空間,因而中國加強與南韓政治領域合作交流,透過以經濟條件拋棄北韓邊緣政策,謀求維持韓半島和平與穩定。另外,中國利用與韓半島地緣經濟所長,加強與南北韓經貿合作,深化南北韓對中國經濟依存度,進而通過中國對南北韓的經濟優勢,主導中韓、中朝的地緣經濟合作,確保對韓半島的戰略優勢與影響力。 中國對韓半島政策的目標,將韓半島作為中國發展經濟戰略的管道,謀求地緣經濟利益最大化,透過提升在韓半島的影響力,使得韓半島走向中立化。中國對韓半島實施地緣經濟政策以來,中國與南北韓關係日益密切,在某種領域上,中國已經超越周邊大國的影響力。 在政治與安全領域,中國與南北韓透過領導人和高層人士進行頻繁互訪、建立相互對話機制或設立熱線管道,提高相互信任,加強雙方關係、謀求地區安全和發展。在經濟上,中國引進為自身經濟建設所需要的資金、高技術及礦物資源,而提供為南北韓經濟成長所需的巨大出口市場,尤其是中國也提供北韓經濟所需的原油和工業產品。由此,最近幾年來,中國成為南北韓對外貿易最大夥伴,與此同時,引起南北韓經濟對中國依存度的深化,因而,中國對韓半島的影響力正在擴大。 / Since the start of the 21st century, with constant intensification of the process of economic globalization and regional economic integration, China has pursued much-evolved Korean Peninsula policy for its own strategic goals as following: First, to strengthen its own economic interest; Second, to make the geoeconomic partnership with the two Koreas; Third, to make the partnership as the leverage for regional strategy. For the sake of securing economic common interest and geoeconomic complementarities with the two Koreas, China seeks to develop the cooperative relationship with North and South Korea. At the same time, China seeks to ensure its influence on the Korean Peninsula by using its geoeconomic advantage on the Korean Peninsula. Based on the relations, China hopes to remove the destabilizing factors in the security on the Korean Peninsula, and seeks to restrain American influence and Japan’s power. From this viewpoint, China’s Korea Policy is the starting point of China's foreign policy. From the perspective of geoeconomic strategy, the relationship between China and the two Koreas are much important with regard to building favorable environment for economic development. At the same time, the relations of China-South Korea and China-North Korea have economically and politically beneficial space. Therefore, on the one hand, China has been strengthening political cooperation with South Korea, and China has been forcing the North Korea to abandon the brinkmanship diplomacy by using economic inducements through cooperation with South Korea. As a result, it was designed for maintaining peace and stability on the Korean Peninsula. On the other hand, by utilizing the geoeconomic advantage with the two Koreas, China has strengthened the economic cooperation with the two Koreas; it has deepened the two Koreas’ economic dependency on China; As a result, it has been taking the lead in geoeconomic cooperation with the two Koreas; and it has been securing its strategic advantage and influence over the Peninsula. The objective of China’s Korea policy is to make the Peninsula be the ditch of China’s economic development; to maximize its geoeconomic interest; besides, to make the Koreas become neutralizing by taking advantage of geoeconomic influence. Since the implementation of China’s geoeconomic policy on the Peninsula, its relations with the two Koreas have become much closer. In some realms, China surpassed neighboring big powers’ influence. In the realm of politics and security, China has pursued the mutual confidence building by the means such as reciprocal visits, mutual dialogue mechanism and hot-line setting with the leadership of the two Koreas for the sake of strengthening of the bilateral relationship and securing of the regional security. And, in the realm of economy, while China brought in investment and high technology from the South side and the mineral resources from the North side, it provided the huge export market for the Peninsula, especially the crude oil and industrial products for the North. Recently, China has become one of the two Korea’s biggest trade partner. Consequently, the two Koreas’ economic dependency on China has been deepening and China’s influence on the Peninsula has been expanding.

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