This master’s thesis studies the influence of dispersed reinforcement on the behaviour of cement composites at thermal loading. In the theoretical part of the research was performed knowledge of the behaviour of concrete at high temperatures. The paper describes the on-going happening in the individual components of concrete and benefits of using dispersed reinforcement. In the practical part were designed concrete mixtures with different types and quantities of fibers. The object of the research was to determine how different types and amounts of fibers affect the physical - mechanical properties of concrete and their suitability for use in high temperatures.

Title: Selected parameters of postural stability in elite sport dance group. Objectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate selected parameters of postural stability in elite sport dancers in Czech Republic during their preparatory period and to define the relation of postural stability to body composition, equality and ability of explosive strength production of lower limbs. Methods: The group of 10 elite sport dancers, composed of men (n=5, age=25,1±2,4 years, height=181,9±3,8 cm, weight=73,7±7,5 kg) and women (n=5, age=24±3,2 years, height=169,1±5,7 cm, weight=53,8±3,6 kg), was longitudinally observed during their preparatory period. At the beginning and on the top (national championship) postural stability, body composition and dynamic performance were evaluated. These following devices were used for testing: force plate FootScan (RScan International, Belgium), bioimpedance analyzer BIA 2000M (Datainput, Germany) and Tanita (Tanita Corporation, Japan), dynamometric force plates Kistler 8611 (Kistler, Switzerland). Results were evaluated by descriptive and inductive (paired t-test) statistics. Results: Results showed high similarity of followed selected parameters in elite sport dancers at the beginning and also at the top of preparatory period. Postural stability was slightly impaired, but...

Title: Acute effect of a warm-up on the force of a punch Objectives: The aim of this diploma thesis is to test whether a warm-up before a performance affects the force of a punch at a sample participants practicing full-contact combat sports. Further goal is to analyze a change in the force of a punch depending on elapsed time after warming up. Methods: Each participant in this experimental study with intra-subject design went through all phases of the measurement, where the force of a punch was tested in four specified times (before a warm-up and then 4, 10 and 25 minutes after the warm-up). Results: No statistically significant effect of a warm-up on the force of a punch was observed, nor was there a statistically significant change in the force of a punch during the time following a warm-up. However, a warm-up did have a significant effect on change in heart rate and body temperature. Keywords: Combat sports, performance, fight, dynamic stretching, explosive power, punch sensor

Title: Influencing the shooting speed in football Objectives: The aim of my thesis was to record, evaluate changes and verify the effectiveness of the implemented intervention during the reference period in the development of shooting speed together with a rebound ability in a long jump in a football team which is operating in the 5th highest football competition in Germany. Methods: Quantitative research was carried out in the form of motor testing of a football team from a selected foreign football league during the autumn part of the competition. Two tests were selected to determine the development of the explosive force of the lower limbs. It was a specific test of the explosive force of the lower limbs - a kick from a one-step rhythm and a test of the general explosive force of lower limbs - jump. It was a so-called cross over study. Team was divided in two groups, where group A was doing implemented intervention in a different part of reference period than group B. Results: Based on the analysis of descriptive statistics, there was an increase in the statistics in the long jump and a decrease in the statistics in both monitored groups, while group A has the observations with the greatest improvement, but in the group B can be seen mostly an improvement across the whole group. For the second...

Title The effect of the winter preparation period torwards the explosive power in amateur football players Objectives To find out what efect has preparation period on explosive power of lower limbs at football players of the regional championship level. Methods Quantitative research was held as a motorical testing of football team Sokol Kolovraty (n = 20) during winter preparation period. To determine the development of explosive power of the lower limbs was selected 5 motoric tests: High jump from the spot, Four jump from foot to foot, Long jump from the spot, Triple jump on the left (right) leg, Deep forward bend in standing position. This study was so-called "cross over" study, or as crossover study in which the team was divided by randomization info two groups, group A and a group B. The first half of the study (4 weeks) the group A performer strength intervention and the group B a different running intervention. In the middle of the research, after control measurements, the group exchanged their intervetnions. Results Based on the Mix-design ANOVA I can state the results showed the statistical significance of strength intervention compared to running intervention without strength exercise. In all test fot the explosive power of the lowe limbs the positive changes occurred during the strength...

Introduktion: Plyometrisk träning är en högintensiv träningsform för att förbättra atletisk prestation som exempelvis explosiv styrka och effektutveckling. Plyometrisk träning i vatten är däremot mindre undersökt men tidigare forskning tyder på att det verkar ha liknande effekter som landbaserad plyometrisk träning. Syfte: Litteraturundersökningens syfte är att undersöka om det finns en effekt av plyometrisk träning i vatten på hopphöjd, muskelstyrka och muskelömhet. Ytterligare ett syfte är att jämföra effekterna mellan plyometrisk träning i vatten med landbaserad plyometrisk träning på hopphöjd, muskelstyrka och muskelömhet. Metod: En systematisk sökning genomfördes i de vetenskapliga databaserna Pubmed och Web of Science. Utöver detta genomsöktes samtliga referenser på de artiklar som uppfyllde inklusionskriterierna. Resultat: Litteraturundersökningen visade att plyometrisk träning i vatten verkar ha en effekt på hopphöjd. Muskelstyrka och muskelömhet visade inget tydligt utfall. Plyometrisk träning i vatten verkar ha samma effekt på hopphöjd och muskelstyrka som landbaserad plyometrisk träning. Vattenbaserad plyometrisk träning verkar ge mindre muskelömhet jämfört med landbaserad plyometrisk träning. Konklusion: Det behövs mer forskning i området för att fastställa vilka faktorer som gör att vattenbaserad plyometrisk träning är lika effektiv som landbaserad träning för att förbättra hopphöjd. Det behövs mer forskning på plyometrisk träning i vatten associerad till muskelstyrka och muskelömhet för att få en tydligare bild av effekterna / Introduction: Effects of plyometric training to improve athletic performance such as explosive strength and power development are well-documented. However, less is known about the effects of aquatic plyometric training. Previous research suggests that it appears to have similar effects as land-based plyometric training. Purpose: The purpose of the literature review was to investigate if there is an effect of aquatic plyometric training on jump height, muscle strength and muscle soreness. Another aim was to compare the effects of plyometric training in water with land-based plyometric training on jump height, muscle strength and muscle soreness. Method: A systematic literature search was conducted in the scientific databases Pubmed and Web of Science. In addition, all references were manually searched on the articles that met the inclusion criteria. Results: The literature review shows that aquatic plyometric training seems to have an effect on jump height. Muscle strength and muscle soreness showed no clear outcome. Aquatic plyometric training seems to have the same effect on jump height and muscle strength as land-based plyometric training. Aquatic plyometric training seems to give less muscle soreness compared to land-based plyometric training. Conclusion: More research is necessary to determine which factors make aquatic plyometric training as effective as land-based plyometric training to improve jump height. More research is needed on aquatic plyometric training associated with muscle strength and muscle soreness to get a better understanding of the effects.

In this dissertation, image feature extraction quality is enhanced through the introduction of two feature learning techniques and, subsequently, feature-level fusion strategies are presented that improve classification performance. Two image/signal processing techniques are defined for pre-conditioning image data such that the discriminatory information is highlighted for improved feature extraction. The first approach, improved Evolution-COnstructed features, employs a modified genetic algorithm to learn a series of image transforms, specific to a given feature descriptor, for enhanced feature extraction. The second method, Genetic prOgramming Optimal Feature Descriptor (GOOFeD), is a genetic programming-based approach to learning the transformations of the data for feature extraction. GOOFeD offers a very rich and expressive solution space due to is ability to represent highly complex compositions of image transforms through binary, unary, and/or the combination of the two, operators. Regardless of the two techniques employed, the goal of each is to learn a composition of image transforms from training data to present a given feature descriptor with the best opportunity to extract its information for the application at hand. Next, feature-level fusion via multiple kernel learning (MKL) is utilized to better combine the features extracted and, ultimately, improve classification accuracy performance. MKL is advanced through the introduction of six new indices for kernel weight assignment. Five of the indices are measured directly from the kernel matrix proximity values, making them highly efficient to compute. The calculation of the sixth index is performed explicitly on distributions in the reproducing kernel Hilbert space. The proposed techniques are applied to an automatic buried explosive hazard detection application and significant results are achieved.

The work was conducted at Saab Dynamics AB in Karlskoga, and the focus was to investigate and evaluate available methods for leak detection of small mechanical components, such as Electro-Explosive Devices (EEDs) and fuzes in warheads and using these methods to investigate whether they work for this purpose. At the start of the project, the problem was that these mechanical components were exposed to contamination, such as moisture and dust but also TNT exudate, plasticizers, gunpowder residues, etc. These contaminants may leak in or out of these components and may result inreduced performance and difficulties for the components to fulfill their function. The work was divided into two phases, with the first phase consisting of finding the best leak detection method available for the company that best suited the circumstances. The second phase of the work was to use the leak detection method evaluated in the first phase and to investigate its eligibility on the company's products and thereafter produce statistical data regarding the various products. The overall purpose of the project is to investigate and evaluate leak detection methods suitable to the company’s products, which may be used to ensure their quality.In phase one where leak detection methods were sought, it was discovered that different leak detection methods are suitable for different sizes of leaks. The search for a method was divided into two categories. A method for major leaks, gross leaks, as well as a method for smaller leaks, fine leaks. To assess which method was best suited for this purpose, standardized methods for product development, such as a decision matrix and a criteria matrix were used to objectively assess and screen appropriate solutions to the problem. The result of this study was that helium leak detection was the best method to analyze minor leaks and the bubble method was the best method for searching for gross leaks. Testing of these methods was done and the methods tested were helium leak detection and bubble test. The components tested were EEDs (<< 1 cc) and fuze holders (>1 cc). All types except one of the fuze holders met the leakage requirements that applied. The tightest component was specifically designed to be completely sealed. This has also been proven from four recuring aging tests conducted by the company. The second most sealed component could only complete one of the aging tests. The value that the completely sealed component got was then used as a recommended limit for leakage. The EEDs upheld a high level of tightness. One of the EEDs was designed to be tight, however the remaining types of EEDs met the same level of tightness. One possible reason for this result is that the internal volume of these detonators is too small to give a realistic and reliable results from these selected method. Because of this, more research should be carried out to find more suitable methods to measure small devices in the expected leakage interval. / Arbetet utfördes på Saab Dynamics AB i Karlskoga, där huvudfokus låg på att undersöka tillgängliga metoder för att läckagesöka små mekaniska komponenter, såsom elsprängkapslar och tändrör i stridsdelar och använda dessa metoder för att undersöka hur väl de fungerar på små mekaniska komponenter. Vid projektets påbörjan var problemet att dessa mekaniska komponenter blev utsatta för kontaminering, såsom fukt och damm men också TNT-exudat, mjukgörande, krutrester etc. Dessa kontamineringar tränger sedan in eller ut ur dessa komponenter och kommer att leda till sämre prestanda och svårigheter för komponenterna att uppfylla sin funktion. Arbetet delades upp i två faser, där den första fasen gick ut på att hitta den bästa läckagesökningsmetoden som fanns tillgänglig för företaget och som bäst passade de omständigheter som rådde. Den andra fasen i arbetet var att använda den läckagesökningsmetod som togs fram i första fasen för att undersöka dess lämplighet på företagets produkter samt ta fram statistiska data gällande läckage. Det övergripande syftet med arbetet är att undersöka lämpliga metoder för läckagesökning som kan appliceras på företagets produkter, med syfte att säkerställa kvalitén på dessa. I fas ett, där läckagesökningsmetod eftersöktes upptäcktes det att olika läckagesökningsmetoder lämpar sig till olika storlekar på läckage. Det beslutades att sökningen efter metod skulle delas upp. En metod för grövre läckage (gross leak) togs fram, samt en metod för mindre läckage (fine leak). För att bedöma vilken läckagesökningsmetod som var bäst lämpad för de olika komponenterna användes strukturerade metoder (kriterieviktsmatris och relativ beslutsmatris) för produktutveckling för att objektivt kunna bedöma och gallra lämpliga läckagesökningsmetoder att gå vidare med. Resultatet av detta var att heliumläckagesökning var den bästa metoden för att söka efter mindre läckor och bubbelmetoden var den bästa metoden för att söka efter större läckor. Testning av dessa metoder gjordes och de metoder som testades var heliumläckagesökning och bubbeltest. De komponenter som testades var små elsprängkapslar (<<1 cc) och större tändrör (>1 cc). Två olika prov gav olika nivåer på tätheten på fyra olika typer av tändrörsobjekt. Den tätaste är designad för att vara tillräckligt tät, vilket visats vid fyra olika åldringsprov. Den näst tätaste klarade bara 1 av 2 åldringsprov. Det värde som den täta komponenten fick användes som ett gränsvärde för att bedöma om tändrör är tillräckligt täta. Elsprängkapslarna uppfyllde en hög nivå på täthet. En av elsprängkapslarna är designad för att vara tät, vilket den var, men resterande typer uppfyllde samma nivå av täthet som den gjorde. En möjlig anledning till detta resultat är att den interna volymen i dessa elsprängkapslar är för liten för att kunna ge ett realistiskt och pålitligt resultat med de provade täthetsmätningsmetoderna. Därför bör det undersökas i vidare arbete om mer lämpliga täthetsmätningsmetoder kan hittas för dessa små komponenter i det förväntade läckageintervallet.

The development of a computer vision algorithm for use with 3D voxel space radar imagery is observed in this thesis. The goal is to detect explosive hazards present in 3D synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image data. The algorithm consists of three primary stages; a precreener to find areas of interest, clustering for labeling distinct areas, and a classifier. The performance between multiple prescreener methods are compared when using a heuristic classifier. Finally, a convolutional neural network (CNN) is used as a classifier stage and a comparison between a deep network, a shallow network, and human experts is conducted.

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