El presente artículo evalúa de manera comparativa el confort térmico en el uso de los pavimentos asfalticos frente a los pavimentos de concreto con adición de diatomita. La variable que se considerará para el estudio será la reflectancia. Para la comparación se utilizará el software ENVI-met donde se modelará zonas de Lima identificadas como Islas de Calor (UHI) que usen pavimentos asfalticos las cuales, en el modelo, serán reemplazadas por pavimentos de concreto con adición de diatomita y se obtendrá el confort térmico de todos los modelos por el método PET a través del programa ya mencionado. Finalmente se comparará dichos resultados. / This article comparatively evaluates the thermal comfort in the use of asphalt pavements versus concrete pavements with the addition of diatomite. The variable that will be considered for the study will be reflectance. For the comparison, the ENVI-met software will be used where areas of Lima that use asphalt pavements identified as Heat Islands (UHI) will be used, which will be replaced by concrete pavements with diatomite and thermal comfort will be seen by the PET method through of the aforementioned program. Finally, those results will be compared. / Trabajo de investigación

The objectives of this research were to 1) measure the extent to which water vapor movement results in water accumulation in freezing base materials; 2) evaluate the effect of soil stabilization on water vapor movement in freezing base materials; 3) determine if the corresponding changes in water content are sufficient to cause frost heave during winter; 4) determine if the corresponding changes in water content are sufficient to cause reductions in stiffness during spring; 5) evaluate relationships between selected material properties, freezing conditions, and the occurrence and impact of water vapor movement; and 6) numerically simulate heat and water movement in selected pavement design scenarios. The research involved extensive laboratory and field testing, statistical analyses, and numerical modeling. The results of the laboratory testing, which included gradations, Atterberg limits, soil classifications, specific gravity and absorption values, electrical conductivity values, moisture-density relationships, soil-water characteristic curves, moisture-stiffness curves, hydraulic conductivity values, and frost susceptibility assessments, were used to characterize each material and enable subsequent statistical analyses. Testing of both treated and untreated materials enabled investigation of a wide variety of material properties. The results of the field testing, which included temperature, moisture content, water potential, elevation, and stiffness data over time, provided the basis for comparing pavement sections with and without capillary barriers and established the framework for numerical modeling. In a pavement section with a capillary barrier underlying the base layer, water vapor movement from the subgrade through the capillary barrier may be expected to increase the water content of the base layer by 1 to 3 percent during a typical winter season in northern Utah for base materials similar to those studied in this research. During winter, cold temperatures create an ideal environment for water vapor to travel upward from the warm subgrade soil below the frost line, through the capillary barrier, and into the base material. Soil stabilization can lead to increased or decreased amounts of water vapor movement in freezing base materials depending on the properties of the stabilized soil, which may be affected by gradation, mineralogy, and stabilizer type and concentration. Accumulation of water from long-term water vapor movement into frost-susceptible base materials underlain by a capillary barrier can lead to frost heave of the base layer as it approaches saturation, as water available in the layer can be redistributed upwards to create ice lenses upon freezing. However, the incremental increase in total water content that may occur exclusively from water vapor movement during a single winter season in northern Utah would not be expected to cause measurable increases in thaw weakening of the base layer during spring. Because water in a base layer overlying a capillary barrier cannot drain until nearly reaching positive pore pressures, the base layer will remain indefinitely saturated or nearly saturated as demonstrated in this research. For materials similar to those studied in this research, potentially important material properties related to the occurrence of water vapor movement during freezing include dry density, percent of material finer than the No. 200 sieve, percent of material finer than 0.02 mm, apparent specific gravity, absorption, initial water content, porosity, degree of saturation, hydraulic conductivity, and electrical conductivity. The rate at which water vapor movement occurs is also dependent on the thermal gradient within the given material, where higher thermal gradients are associated with higher amounts of water vapor movement. The numerical modeling supported the field observations that the capillary barrier effectively trapped moisture in the overlying base material, causing it to remain saturated or nearly saturated throughout the monitoring period. Only non-frost-susceptible aggregate base materials should be specified for use in cold climates in conjunction with capillary barriers, and the base material in this case should be assumed to remain in a saturated or nearly saturated condition during the entire service life of the pavement. Further study is recommended on water vapor movement in freezing aggregate base materials.

The diploma thesis is dealing with the topic of new trends in asphalt road routine maintenance with a focus on new possibilities to repair damaged road surface, especially potholes and cracks. In the diploma thesis, a new advice which uses microwave heating in resurfacing asphalt roads was developed with the aim to observe its effectiveness and the optimal repair time. The obtained results were consulted with the producer of the equipment in order to utilize this new technology for repairing potholes and cracks on asphalt road surface in standard practice.

The subject of this Ing. thesis is asphalt mixture with increasing RAP (Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement). The theoretical part defines the terms of recycling and RAP and types of recycling. The practical part is devoted to the production and testing of asphalt mixtures with different volume RAP. The proposed asphalt mixture is asphalt concrete for base layer ACP22 +. Content of RAP in mixtures is 0%, 30%, 50% and 70%. As a special additive to soften the asphalt from RAP is used ingredient STORFLUX. For each mixture are established modulus stiffness of asphalt mixture and determined fatigue characteristics of asphalt mixture. The identified properties are compared for the different representation of RAP.

This thesis investigates the design documentation of the proposal to amend the existing confusing intersection of contact on the contact rectifying junction with traffic or roundabout. The proposal is designed communications for pedestrians and bus stops. Vehicular traffic will be channeled through the protective, dividing island.

The proposed apartment building including a fixed level pavement, parking spaces and a driveway is situated on land number 723/213 and 723/184 (farm land) which is located in the southeastern part of the town Horní Stropnice along the main road towards Trhove Sviny. The apartment block has been designed as a four storey building for small and larger families in 14 seperate apartments (4 apartments each on the first, second and third floors and 2 apartments, hair salon and office on the ground floor) without any basement. The key construction feature is a wall system based on basic bands of simple concrete with a concrete mounted ceiling and a roof truss with gable roof tiles at an angle of 35°. There will be 14 apartments in total (14x 3+kitchen unit). The apartment windows will have sufficient sunlight and silencing. The main entrance, covered with a concrete porch roof, will be west facing. Each apartment will be constructed around the entrance foyer, which connects the main living quarters consisting of a combined kitchen dining room, living room , toilet, bathroom, (including bath, sink, washing machine), bedroom and one or two children's room, (depending on the size of the apartment). Ground floor terraces and 1st to 3rd floor balconies will be accesed via the living rooms. There will be a technical room on the ground floor which will have two gas boilers, a hot water cylinder, central heating distribution, sewer and some individual storage space for each apartment. The space under the staircase will serve as storage for prams or bicycles. The hair salon and building office will be built in the entrance foyer, which will include a public convenience for visitors and an entrance to the visitor's waiting room, guest rooms, individual work rooms all of which will be ready for use. A new asphalt road will enable access to the new apartment block and the neighbouring apartment block on land number 723/13.

This thesis deals with issue of traffic noise, its measurement and data evaluation. Theoretic part of my work concretes basic information about acoustics and also describes and analyzes traffic noise sources of tire/pavement. Next part deals with quite pavement and with measurement methods of traffic noise. Practical part of my thesis contains description, results and evaluation of realized measurement with methods CPX and SPB.

The aim of this work is to design variant solution Radňovice bypass of the village. Radňovice is located in the county Vsočina. Road I/19 which is conecting Nové Město na Moravě and Žďár nad Sázavou runs through the center of the village. Road I / 19 provides connections with surrounding villages and transport operators of the adjacent buildings. Most vehicles will only Radňovice crossed. Prospective route for the realignment of the road outside the buildings has tracked for a long time.They were proposed three variants, one of which was selected for detailed processing. There was measured actual traffic flow intensity and rating of perspective traffic intensity for newly designed state.

Un Sistema de Gestión de Pavimentos (SGP) es un instrumento dirigido al personal encargado de la administración de vías, con el fin de apoyar en la toma de decisiones para conservar un óptimo nivel de servicio en los pavimentos. La ausencia de un SGP podría generar una mala selección respecto a la técnica de conservación, un inventario de la red vial desorganizado y un sustento técnico ineficiente para justificar la ejecución de actividades de mantenimiento. La presente investigación propone la aplicación de un SGP con el objetivo de mejorar las operaciones relacionadas a la conservación de vías locales del distrito de Surquillo – Lima, mediante el uso de metodologías de identificación de defectos. Como caso de estudio, se evaluaron los jirones Gonzáles Prada, San Agustín y Luis Varela y Orbegozo, los cuales en conjunto presentan una longitud de 1.41 kilómetros y se encuentran bajo la jurisdicción de la Municipalidad de Surquillo. En dicha evaluación, se registró que 3,996.74 m2 del total de las vías se encuentra en mal estado, a causa de la presencia de fallas funcionales como parcheos, fisuras transversales y huecos. Para la identificación de fallas se usó el índice de condición del pavimento (PCI), índice de rugosidad internacional (IRI) e índice de serviciabilidad presente (PSI). Como resultado, se verificó que los procesos propuestos en nuestro SGP se adaptan adecuadamente a la forma de trabajo en la Municipalidad de Surquillo, pues su aplicación no implica un incremento significativo en el presupuesto aplicado para la realización de dichas actividades. / A pavement management system (PMS) is an instrument aimed to the staff in charge of road administration, in order to support decision-making to preserve an optimum level of service on pavements. The absence of a PMS could lead to a poor selection regarding the conservation technique, a disorganized road network inventory and an inefficient technical support to justify the execution of maintenance activities. This research proposes the application of a PMS with the objective of improving operations related to the maintenance of local roads in Surquillo district – Lima using defect identification methodologies. As a case of study, Gonzales Prada, San Agustín and Luis Varela and Orbegozo shreds were evaluated, which have a total length of 1.41 kilometers and are under the jurisdiction of the Municipality of Surquillo. In this evaluation, it was registered that 3,996.74 m2 of the total road is in poor condition, due to the presence of functional failures such as patches, transverse fissures, and potholes. Pavement condition index (PCI), international roughness index (IRI) and present serviceability index (PSI) were used to identify failures. As a result, it was verified that the processes proposed in this PMS are adequately adapted to the way of working in the Municipality of Surquillo, since their application does not imply a significant increase in the budget applied to carry out these activities. / Tesis

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo el análisis del comportamiento de la geomalla biaxial extruida incorporada en un suelo granular a nivel de la sub-base para el pavimento que está ubicado en la av. Defensores de Morro en el distrito de Chorrillos, en el Departamento de Lima. Por ello, el procedimiento de esta investigación es realizar un programa experimental para el suelo en estudio e incluyendo la geomalla biaxial a nivel de la sub-base en dos diferentes posiciones una colocada en el medio y las dos capas en los extremos de la misma para encontrar la mejor alternativa que aumentara el valor del CBR del suelo para este tipo de suelo granular. La avenida en estudio presenta un tipo de suelo según clasificación SUCS de arena pobremente gradada con limo y grava. De acuerdo a los resultados obtenidos se observa que la geomalla incorporada en el medio mejora el CBR del suelo en un 6,5% y las colocadas en los extremos mejora el CBR del suelo en un 3,2%. La metodología utilizada para la investigación es del tipo de diseño experimental ya que se realizó un ensayo completo del suelo para determinar las características físicas y mecánicas necesarias, y conocer el valor del CBR de este suelo, cuyo valor fue muy importante para esta investigación, ya que con este se pudo saber si valor aumentaba favorablemente para una suelo granular. Teniendo como resultado que el valor de CBR ubicado en el medio de la capa sub-base mejora el valor del CBR en mayor porcentaje. / The present research aims to analyze the behavior of the extruded biaxial geogrid incorporated in a granular soil at the sub-base level for the pavement located in av. Defensores de Morro in the district of Chorrillos, in the Department of Lima. Therefore, the procedure of this research is to carry out an experimental program for the soil under study and including the biaxial geogrid at the sub-base level in two different positions, one placed in the middle and the two layers at the ends of it to find the best alternative that will increase the value of the soil CBR for this type of granular soil. The avenue under study presents a type of soil according to the SUCS classification of poorly graded sand with silt and gravel. According to the results obtained, it is observed that the geogrid incorporated in the middle improves the CBR of the soil by 6.5% and those placed at the ends improve the CBR of the soil by 3.2%. The methodology used for the research is of the type of experimental design since a complete test of the soil was carried out to determine the necessary physical and mechanical characteristics, and to know the value of the CBR of this soil, whose value was very important for this investigation, since that with this it was possible to know if the value increased favorably for a granular soil. As a result, the CBR value located in the middle of the sub-base layer improves the CBR value by a greater percentage. / Trabajo de investigación