Orientador: Leandro Karnal / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-14T17:29:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Fernandes_LuizEstevamdeOliveira_D.pdf: 8728707 bytes, checksum: 84d6116f8e3c0f48f43fe6565dc43fdf (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Resumo: Este trabalho demonstra como, no espaço de pouco mais de um século entre as publicações de Clavijero (1780) e México a através de los siglos (1889), se operou a construção da imagem do indígena asteca, do território mexicano e do mestiço como sinônimo de mexicanidade. Ao verificar como se deram essas construções discursivas, também se estudou como se deu a invenção do discurso histórico científico no México, em um movimento que ligou política, nacionalismo, memória, identidade e história. Para concretizar esses objetivos, este estudo foi divido em três capítulos. O primeiro tem como foco entender os usos da representação dos índios, que se acentuou como epítome de passado clássico mexicano. Pensando a constituição da identidade mestiça do final do século XIX, as perguntas a se responder foram "qual nossa raiz?", "quem fomos?". O segundo capítulo tem como objetivo entender a constituição do discurso sobre o território mexicano, porque há implicações políticas relacionadas à sua construção e legitimação como narrativa. Em outras palavras, o capítulo tenta responder à pergunta "onde estamos?" ou "onde vivemos?". No terceiro capítulo, demonstra-se como a própria noção de mestiço foi se tornando uma opção para o discurso racializado que havia no México. Do ponto de vista da identidade, buscava-se a constituição de uma memória em torno da questão "quem somos?". Na conclusão, é possível ver como, ao construir determinado discurso nacional, que definiu uma identidade e uma memória para o país, a História construiu-se como relato científico e balizado sobre o passado do México. / Abstract: This work demonstrates how three representations, that of the Aztec Indian, the Mexican territory and the mestizo as the essence of the Mexican, were invented in the one hundred years between the publications of Clavijero's work (1780) and México a através de los siglos (1889). As this study verified how these discursive constructions were made, the invention of History as a scientific discourse was simultaneously perceived as a combination of politics, nationalism, memory, identity and history. In order to achieve such goals, this work was divided into three parts. The first one aimed to understand the uses of the representation of Indians, which stressed itself as the epitome of Mexican's classical past. Thinking of the constitution of the mestizo's identity in the end of the 19th century, there were some questions that needed to be answered: "which were our roots?", "who were we?". Understanding the discourse on the Mexican territory and how it was generated revealing its political implications in regards to this construction and its legitimacy as a narrative was the main purpose of the second chapter. In other words, the chapter sought to answer the questions "where are we?" or "where do we live?". The third chapter demonstrates how the mestizo concept itself became an option to the racialized discourse that existed in Mexico. From identitarian standards, we searched for the constitution of a memory around the question "who we are?". In this work's conclusion it is possible to see how, while the national discourse was built determining the country's identity and memory, History, as a scientific and arbitrated account on Mexico's past, was built. / Doutorado / Historia Cultural / Doutor em História

In meinem Beitrag werde ich mich hauptsächlich auf die italienische Oper in Ljubljana konzentrieren, obwohl auch deutsche Theatergruppen, die ich am Rande erwähnen werde, ebenfalls interessante Opernvorstellungen in dieser Zeit nach Ljubljana gebracht haben.

This volume is a guide unpublished written material, ethnographic artefacts, pictures and maps in the archive of the Herrnhut (Moravian) Mission relating to Ghana (1737-68), South Africa (1737-44, 1792-c. 1960) and Tanzania (1891-c. 1970).

This dissertation examines how news and information circulated among select colonies in the British and French Caribbean during a series of military conflicts from 1763 to 1804, including the American War of Independence (1775-1783), French Revolutionary Wars (1792-1802), and the Haitian Revolution (1791-1804). The colonies included in this study are Barbados, Jamaica, Guadeloupe, Martinique, and Saint-Domingue. This dissertation argues that the sociopolitical upheaval experienced by colonial residents during these military conflicts led to an increased desire for news that was satiated by the development and improvement of many processes of collecting and distributing information. This dissertation looks at some of these processes, the ways in which select social groups both influenced and were affected by them, and why such phenomena occurred in the greater context of the 18th and early 19th century Caribbean at large. In terms of the types of processes, it examines various kinds of print culture, such as colonial newspapers, books, and almanacs, as well as correspondence records among different social groups. In terms of which groups are studied, these include printers, postal service workers, colonial and naval officials, and Catholic missionaries. The dissertation is divided into five chapters, the first of which provides insight into the operation of the mail service established in the aforementioned colonies, and the ways in which the Atlantic Revolutions impacted their service in terms of the different historical actors responsible for collecting and distributing correspondences. Chapter two looks at select British and French colonial printers, their print shops, and the book trade in the Caribbean isles during the 18th century. Chapter three delves into the colonial newspapers and compares the differences and similarities among government-sanctioned newspapers vis-à-vis independently produced papers. It uses the case of the Haitian Revolution to track how news of the slave insurrection was disseminated or constricted in the weeks immediately following the night of 22 August 1791. Chapter four examines the colonial almanac as a means of connecting colonial residents with people across the wider Atlantic World. It also surveys the development of these pocketbooks from mere astrological calendars to essential items that owners customized and frequently carried on their person, given the swathes of information they featured after the American War of Independence. The final chapter looks at the daily operations of Capuchin and Dominican missionaries in Martinique and Guadeloupe at the end of the 18th century and how they maintained their communications within the islands and with the heads of their Catholic orders in France, as well as in Rome. Overall, this project aims to fill in some of the gaps in the literature regarding how select British and French colonial residents received and dispatched information, and the effect this had in their respective Caribbean islands. It also sheds light on some of the ways that slaves were incorporated into the mechanisms by which information was collected and distributed, such as their encounters with printers, employment as couriers, and use as messengers to relay documents between colonial officials. In doing so, it hopes to encourage future discussion regarding how information moved in the British and French Caribbean amid periods of revolution and military conflict, how and why these processes changed, and the impact this had on print culture and mail systems in the post-revolutionary period of the 19th century.

De 1750 à 1850, une activité nouvelle, le tourisme, commence son développement sur le territoire des Highlands d’Écosse. La région devient l’une des destinations les plus prisées des Britanniques. Le mouvement est déclenché par l’ensemble d’évolutions des sensibilités que l’on rattache au préromantisme et au romantisme. Un intérêt nouveau pour les paysages incultes et «sauvages», un goût pour l’histoire et un pour les traditions populaires se font jour. Cet intérêt est soutenu par une production littéraire et iconographique diffusant une image positive des Highlands. Les infrastructures de transport et d’hébergement, encore très déficientes au début de la période, s’adaptent en un temps relativement bref aux exigences de la nouvelle clientèle touristique, démontrant la capacité de la société locale à mobiliser ses ressources et à se saisir des opportunités ouvertes. Sous l’effet de cette activité, le territoire des Highlands se transforme. Certains lieux deviennent des sites touristiques, distingués pour leurs qualités esthétiques et les associations historiques qu’ils suscitent et entraînant des aménagements lieux pour faciliter leur accès, voire les embellir ou les protéger. En apportant compensations matérielles et symboliques à une région connaissant des difficultés économiques et en conduisant aristocratie et middle class à se côtoyer dans les mêmes activités, le tourisme dans les Highlands contribue à apaiser les tensions sociales par ailleurs très vives que peut connaître la Grande-Bretagne au cours de cette période. / From 1750 to 1850, a new kind of industry began its development in the Highlands of Scotland. The region became one of the most favored holiday destinations for the British. The entering into the age of sensibility and romantism accounts for those changes. A new interest in nature and « wild » landscapes and a taste for history and folklore appeared. This movement was supported by literary and pictural productions that spread enhancing representations of the Highlands. Transport and accommodation infrastructures were still very inadequate at the start of the period but improved rapidly to meet the demands of the new travelling community, revealing the capacity of the local society to mobilise their ressourcesto seize those opportunities. The territory of the Highlands was tranformed by this industry. Some places became highly regarded thanks to their aesthetic qualities or their historical associations. New organisations were made to facilitate their access or even to adorn or protect them. Tourism brought material and symbolic compensations to a region afflicted witheconomic difficulties and it brought the aristocracy and the middle class to share the same interests, contributing to appease social tensions during a period in which they could be very keen.

"Zur Einscharrung der Cadaver" befasst sich als erste wissenschaftliche Arbeit mit den Begräbnispraktiken und den Begräbnisorten der anatomischen Einrichtungen in Dresden von 1748 bis 1864. Dabei konnte festgestellt werden, dass es sich bei den Begräbnissen um keine ehrvollen christlichen Bestattungen handelte und wo sich diese ehemaligen Bestattungsplätze im heutigen Stadtbild präzise verorten lassen. Die Ergebnisse zu den Begräbnispraktiken sind zudem Erkenntnisse, welche deutschland-, ja sogar weltweit bisher einmalig sind und weitere Fragen eröffnen.:Inhaltsverzeichnis I 1. Einleitung 1 1.1. Einführung 1 1.2. Forschungsstand: Zur Notwendigkeit des Themas der vorliegenden Arbeit 3 1.3. Zielstellung, Methoden und Aufbau der Arbeit 5 1.4. Zu den Quellen 7 2. Zur "Ausmittelung" der Begräbnisplätze 12 2.1. Der Begräbnisplatz des Collegium medico-chirurgicum 12 2.1.1. Kirchhöfe im Interessenfeld des Medizinalkollegs 12 2.1.2. Die Suche nach einem geeigneten Begräbnisort in der Festungsanlage 18 2.1.3. Platzmangel und Standortnachteile – Die Kadaverplätze von 1748 - 1813 26 2.2. Der Begräbnisplatz der Chirurgisch-Medizinischen Akademie 36 2.2.1. Der Anatomiebetrieb läuft – Ein akademieeigener Anatomiefriedhof fehlt 36 2.2.2. Beschwerden drängen auf Verlegung des Begräbnisplatzes 41 2.2.3. Die Schließung des Kadaverplatzes am Eliasfriedhof 51 2.3. Die Bereiche der Kadaverplätze nach deren Schließung 52 2.3.1. Zur Verortung der ehemaligen Kadaverplätz - Methodik und Umsetzung 53 2.3.2. Analyse zu Spätfolgen durch Verortung der Begräbnisplätze 60 3. Die Durchführung des Begräbnisses der Anatomieleichen 65 3.1. Begräbnispraxis unter Differenzierung in „ehrliches“ und „unehrliches“ Begräbnis 65 3.1.1. Der Transport zum Begräbnisplatz 67 3.1.2. Die "Einscharrung" 75 3.1.3. Widerstand gegen die Begräbnispraxis 81 3.2. Der Anatomieaufwärter – Der Schuldige der "nachlässigen Einscharrung"? 84 4. Fazit 89 Abkürzungsverzeichnis II Abbildungsverzeichnis IV Quellen- und Literaturverzeichnis V Anhang XVIII