Th e Dutch (VOC) trading empire of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries brought with it to South Africa not only the world of powerful merchant capitalism, but it would also construct a new imaginative geography and order of the land to that which had been known by its ancient inhabitants, wherein the very idea of the land would be rewritten. Many aspects of this new geography would be refl ected in representation during VOC rule in the Cape colony, in its maps, pictures and drawings. Within this picturing of the land, the rival indigenous presence as well as the colony’s non-settlers inhabitants—both of whom formed colonial ‘others’—would also be depicted; although typically this visibility would be carefully measured and managed in complex ways in both offi cial and popular artistic representation. While offi cial colonial and apartheid archives in South Africa lack suffi cient, meaningful representation of marginalised groups such as blacks, slaves, Muslims, and indigenous people, the visual sources wherein such groups are depicted constitute another source of archive which has still only begun to be explored comparatively and as a body of images. Th rough visual sources, the study analyses fi rstly the discursive, imaginative, and physical appropriation of landscape as represented in Dutch and British colonial-period maps and pictures in the seventeenth to nineteenth centuries. Secondly it explores the representation of colonial ‘others’ who are depicted therein, and to what extent it may be possible to recover some aspects of marginalised narratives and spatial practices. Islam at the Cape, whose history dates back to the very beginning of European settlement but which was offi cially proscribed for the most of the colonial period, also forms an important component of the study, as a case study of such ‘liminal’ narratives and landscapes.

Title: Analysis of the rural school in the 19th century in Bohemian-Moravian Highlands Author: Daniela Měřičková Thesis supervisor: RNDr. Jan Řezníček, Ph.D. Department: Biology and Environmental Studies Abstract: This thesis studies the matter of a common educational system of a rural school in the 19th century in Bohemian-Moravian Highlands, in Krasoňov near Humpolec. The main target of this work is to compare selected areas of educational system to the rural school in Krasoňov and today's school. It concernes matters of teacher, student and school. The selected issues were solved by means of the manuscript of a school's chronicle. Both qualitative and quantitative methods were used in this work. The survey research and interviews with old-timers is compared by using constant comparison method. The work presents a comparison of selected educational constructs, educational processes and educational environment of a 19th century school with primary school in Krasoňov. Data from interviews and questionnaires are compared in the same manner to the school in the 19th century, the school in Krasoňov, and in addition also to today's school. The research has shown that the social and economic status of teacher, student and school was different. The Headmaster in the studied area exceeded the limits and...

The thesis is focused on presentation and evaluation of the development of foreign policy of the Habsburg Monarchy during the Crimean War in years 1853/4-1856. Its traditional position between Russia and the Western powers and complicated complex of internal problems prevented Austria from being involved with either side of the conflict. The policy of neutrality, adopted by Prussia and the German Confederation during the war, on the other hand, could not ensure sufficient protection of the Austrian interests concerning the Eastern Question. For this reason, the Habsburg Monarchy decided for its own independent policy, based on escalating pressure on Russia and attempts at restricting the war aims of Great Britain and France to an acceptable limit, and thus achieve a peace treaty as soon as possible to prevent the extension of the war and a potential wave of revolutions. The main instrument of this policy was the menace of Austrian military action against Russia and on the other side maintaining of hope of the Western powers for this action. German policy of Austria concentrated on defending its position within the German Confederation and using of German allies for demonstrations directed against Russia, which, however, were not very effective due to the reluctunce of the German states. The...

Was im späten 18. Jahrhundert mit der Spinoza-Begeisterung von Johann Wolfgang Goethe, Johann Gottfried Herder und Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi begann, setzt sich im 19. Jahrhundert fort: Es ist das Jahrhundert einer intensiven Beschäftigung mit Spinoza und seiner Philosophie. Die spezifische Intensität dieser Beschäftigung wirkt bis heute nach, wie im folgenden gezeigt werden soll. Was im 19. Jahrhundert stattfindet, ist keine Spinoza-Rezeption, keine bloße Interpretation von Leben und Werk, sondern der Anfang eines historischen Begreifens, das Rezeption wie Interpretation bis heute bestimmt. In der Beschäftigung mjt Spinoza hat das 19. Jahrhundert Formen des philosophiehistorischen Denkens ausgebildet, die immer noch prägend sind.

Diese Untersuchung behandelt innerhalb der generellen Entwicklungsgeschichte des Geschichtsunterrichtes im 19. Jahrhundert einen engen zeitlichen und regionalen Ausschnitt sächsischer Gymnasialgeschichte und untersucht die Bildung von Traditionen im höheren Bildungswesen. Unter dieser mikrohistorischen Perspektive werden einige Bedingungs- und Entscheidungsfelder für den Geschichtsunterricht an sächsischen Gymnasien von 1831-1866 herausgearbeitet. Es wird versucht, den alltäglichen, praxisgetriebenen Kontextrahmen des Geschichtsunterrichtes an den Gymnasien zu beleuchten. Im Fokus der Erörterung steht der erste Lehrplan für den Geschichtsunterricht an sächsischen Gymnasien aus dem Jahr 1845. Dessen Genese als Verwaltungsakt wird im Kontext der sächsischen Gymnasialreformen im Vormärz im Detail transparent gemacht. So werden die vorangehende Ausgangssituation, der fachdidaktische Kontext und die bildungspolitischen Aspekte kurz umrissen. Daneben werden die handelnden Personen untersucht und die anschließende Wirksamkeit des Lehrplanerlasses an den Gymnasien überprüft. Für die Schulen stellte sich der Auftrag zur Realisierung des Lehrplanes vor allem als Ressourcenproblem. Unter diesem Aspekt wird das Thema der Professionalisierung der sächsischen Geschichtslehrer im Untersuchungszeitraum diskutiert.

The Court of Appeal in Bohemia between 1749 and 1790 (1850) This thesis describes the development of The Court of Appeal in Bohemia between the years 1749 and 1850. The main aim of this thesis is the description of the role of this court in the system of justice in the second half of the eighteen century and the description of the effects of reforms of Maria Theresa and Joseph II on the constitution, structure and function of the court. In the form, which the court acquired at the time of the rule of Joseph II, the court remained for another sixty years. The Court of Appeal in Bohemia was founded in the year 1548. From the beginning it was a royal court and was empowered to hear appeals of municipal courts. Its competence was extended during the ages. On the contrary the district of the court was limited during the eighteen century only to Bohemia. In the year 1850 the court was transformed into Higher Regional Court in Prague.

The study deals with analysis of perception and description of ethnographic entities by Marie Červinková-Riegrová, as reflected in her Notes. The basic source is completed by other sources, mainly Memorial book of Maleč and family correspondence. The first part is paid to the study of biography of Marie Červinková-Riegrová, which is a necessary framework for exploring her relation to ethnographic issues. In another part are analyzed the Notes and their potential use for the Ethnography. The next chapter deals with the concept of patriotism as the author of Notes understood. Patriotism is introduced as one of the starting points of Marie's interest of ethnographic entities. The next chapter deals with specific manifestations of folk culture, folk customs, etc., and their reflections by Marie Červinková-Riegrová. The main emphasis is placed on the folk costume description. The following part is relating to religious pilgrimages and sacred places. The last chapter analyzes folk customs and traditions followed in the Rieger family and on the farm of Maleč.

127f. / Submitted by Oliveira Santos Dilzaná (dilznana@yahoo.com.br) on 2013-06-03T18:05:53Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Rafael Portela com termo.pdf: 10624701 bytes, checksum: 9476f6515d4b6168484c8ad4630168fb (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Portela(anapoli@ufba.br) on 2013-06-04T19:26:28Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Rafael Portela com termo.pdf: 10624701 bytes, checksum: 9476f6515d4b6168484c8ad4630168fb (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-06-04T19:26:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Rafael Portela com termo.pdf: 10624701 bytes, checksum: 9476f6515d4b6168484c8ad4630168fb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / CNPq / Busquei nesta dissertação contribuir para a superação de uma importante lacuna da historiografia brasileira, que pouco produziu sobre os trabalhadores do mar. Tratei aqui dos pescadores da Bahia, na segunda metade do século XIX. O trabalho foi dividido em três partes. No primeiro capítulo, discuto o contexto e os objetivos da criação da Capitania dos Portos, e as consequências disso para os pescadores. Problematizo a questão das matrículas dos pescadores, diretamente ligadas às novas estratégias de recrutamento de mão de obra para a Marinha de guerra, e as estratégias e opções deles para escapar do serviço. No segundo capítulo procuro traçar um perfil dos pescadores baianos através de documentos da capitania, censos, listas eleitorais, inventários etc, e trago o caso de Francisco Xavier de Santana, pescador da povoação do Rio Vermelho, que por alguns anos teve que driblar uma série de ataques e sabotagens a ele dirigidas para poder fazer sua pescaria com redes. Durante a análise dos sentidos do caso, procuro entender lógicas das relações entre pescadores, suas articulações políticas e redes de amizade e solidariedade. O capítulo final cuida de conflitos no mar ligados à questão dos territórios marítimos. De como os pescadores instituem divisões territoriais no mar, por eles mesmos continuamente disputadas e transgredidas. Trago a luta da capitania em fazer valer leis que nem sempre estavam de acordo com os costumes e/ou interesses de alguns pescadores e a oposição entre duas concepções distintas acerca do direito ao uso e controle de “partes” específicas do mar. In this thesis I contribute to overcome a relevant shortcoming of Brazilian historiography, which produced little about sea workers. The subject of this study are the fishermen of Bahia, in the second half of the nineteenth century. The work is divided into three parts. In the first chapter, I bring the context and objectives of the creation of the Capitania dos Portos [Port Captaincy], and the consequences of that to fishermen. I discuss the fisherman enrollment policy, directly linked to new strategies for recruiting manpower for the Marinha de Guerra [Navy], and the strategies and options to avoid the mandatory service. In the second chapter I draw a profile of Bahian fishermen through documents of the captaincy, censuses, electoral lists, inventories etc, and bring up Francisco Xavier de Santana's case, a fisherman from a village called Rio Vermelho, who for some years had to overcome a series of attacks and sabotages made against him in order to be able to keep on doing his fishing with fishnets. In the analysis of this case, I establish the relations among the fishermen and their friendship, solidarity and political networks. The final chapter is dedicated to the sea conflicts linked to issues concerning maritime territories. It explains how the fishermen used to establish territorial divisions at sea that were sistematically contested and transgressed by themselves. I hereby present the effort of the captaincy to enforce laws that weren't always in accordance to the customs and/or interests of some fishermen, and also the contrast between two different perspectives towards the right to use and to control specific "parts" of the sea. / Salvador

The main theme of the thesis submitted is the midwifery practice in Pacov parish surroundings in the period of the 2nd half of the 19th century. Based on the studies of professional literature and archival files of diverse nature, the motivation of women to choose a midwife's profession, their education at Charles-Ferdinand University, but also the socioprofessional structure of their clientage, the issues of wages, emergency christenings, godparenthood avd many others, were studied. Using a micro-historical method, a group of 5 midwives, who got involved not only in Pacov, but also in other villages assigned to its parish, was monitored. Inspiration by historical demography is noticeable particularly in the chapters, in which the frequency of assistances at births of each of the midwives, or their filling in the role of godmothers are monitored.

Diese Untersuchung behandelt innerhalb der generellen Entwicklungsgeschichte des Geschichtsunterrichtes im 19. Jahrhundert einen engen zeitlichen und regionalen Ausschnitt sächsischer Gymnasialgeschichte und untersucht die Bildung von Traditionen im höheren Bildungswesen. Unter dieser mikrohistorischen Perspektive werden einige Bedingungs- und Entscheidungsfelder für den Geschichtsunterricht an sächsischen Gymnasien von 1831-1866 herausgearbeitet. Es wird versucht, den alltäglichen, praxisgetriebenen Kontextrahmen des Geschichtsunterrichtes an den Gymnasien zu beleuchten. Im Fokus der Erörterung steht der erste Lehrplan für den Geschichtsunterricht an sächsischen Gymnasien aus dem Jahr 1845. Dessen Genese als Verwaltungsakt wird im Kontext der sächsischen Gymnasialreformen im Vormärz im Detail transparent gemacht. So werden die vorangehende Ausgangssituation, der fachdidaktische Kontext und die bildungspolitischen Aspekte kurz umrissen. Daneben werden die handelnden Personen untersucht und die anschließende Wirksamkeit des Lehrplanerlasses an den Gymnasien überprüft. Für die Schulen stellte sich der Auftrag zur Realisierung des Lehrplanes vor allem als Ressourcenproblem. Unter diesem Aspekt wird das Thema der Professionalisierung der sächsischen Geschichtslehrer im Untersuchungszeitraum diskutiert.