The aim of this study is to investigate characteristics of urban transformation in Antioch and Alexandretta during the French Mandate, 1920-1938. Contending that a purely formal analysis would fail to grasp complex politics of architecture and urbanism promoted by the French administration, this thesis seeks to explore the urban transformation of these cities in its political and representational context. In analyzing the French perception of the urban space especially in Antioch, this thesis devotes an extensive attention to the nineteenth century travelers who visited Antioch, by emphasizing the ways in which they described the urban make-up of the city. Moreover, it situates the case of Antioch and Alexandretta within the broader framework of French colonial architecture and urbanism by occassionally referring to French North Africa on the one hand, and other cities of the French Mandate in Syria and Lebanon on the other hand. Along with an analysis of the changing built environment in Antioch and Alexandretta, other visual and representational strategies such as the colonial exhibition, archeological works, scholarly endeavors, and tourism are discussed. It is the major premise of this thesis that a comprehensive portrayal of the architectural and urban transformation of these cities might be attained only through the inclusion of different forms of political and visual representation.

TEMPORAL EVALUATION OF SNOW DEPLETION CURVES DERIVED FOR UPPER EUPHRATES BASIN AND APPLICATIONS OF SNOWMELT RUNOFF MODEL Marim, G&ouml / khan M.S., Department of Geodetic and Geographic Information Technologies Supervisor: Prof.Dr.A.&Uuml / nal Sorman September 2008, 112 pages Water is becoming very important issue day by day with descending usable water and energy resources. In the aspect of water resources management, especially for the optimum reservoir management, predicting runoff for large reservoirs by applying hydrologic model is a recent and crucial topic. The most important model input and predictor parameters to estimate runoff for the mountainous regions are to be distribution of rainfall / temperature and snow cover area, (SCA). It is seen that many predictor variables should be integrated with Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Remote Sensing Techniques especially for hydrologic model variable preparation. Satellite products have the potential for obtaining those kinds of data in near real time. In this study, the changes of SDC are generated by the analysis of optical satellite and by using SDC as an input to hydrological models runoff is simulated for Upper Euphrates Basin (10215.7 km2) which is a sub basin of Euphrates Basin. Largest dams of Turkey / Keban, Karakaya and Atat&uuml / rk are located on Euphrates River. Optimum operations of these dams depend on forecasting incoming water in early summer season. Euphrates River is fed mainly from snowmelts in spring or early summer time.65-70 % of the annual flow is contributed from snowmelt in that region. Main objective of this study is to obtain the spatially and temporally distributed SCA percentages from optical satellite, which are required as one of the main input variables of the hydrological model used in the application. SCA percentages and SDC are obtained for snowmelt years 2004-2007 by using high temporal resolution optical remote sensing data: Terra Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). In this study, Terra MODIS snow cover map product, MOD10A1 which has a spatial resolution of 500 m is used. As a hydrological model Snowmelt Runoff Model (SRM) was applied. SRM was built up on the well-known degree day approach. In this study SRM is simulated for two years 2006 and 2007.The simulation results are compared and resultant model parameters are obtained for future runoff forecast studies. In this study, beside recommendations, discussions on the variables and SRM parameters are also provided.

Contract management starts with the contract negotiations and lasts until the end of the contract, and is the process that covers three fundamental functions required to compensate the goals of the project / Relationship Management, Project Delivery, and Administration of the contract. This thesis focused on investigating contract management behavior of Turkish construction companies in international projects. A survey was composed and interviewed with professionals for investigating the contract management behavior of contractors. The survey aimed to investigate / factors influencing contractors&rsquo / behaviors, key success factors for contract management, company contract management organizations, claim issues, and conflict and dispute resolution behavior of firms. 51 companies participated to the survey. The survey results revealed that Turkish contractors consider contract management to be significant for success at international markets. Contractors are aware of the need for a continuous contract management application although this rate cannot be achieved in practice. Considering awareness as a driving factor for improvement it can be estimated that in future Turkish contractors will be managing their contracts in more efficient, organized and systematic ways than today. Results revealed that / contract management behaviors are mostly affected by the risk and complexity of the project, regular contract process is the most impactful process on the success, and change order requests of the owners are the most frequent reasons of claims. According to respondents contract management can reduce number of conflicts and disputes.

In this thesis, three methods are presented to model the decision process of whether or not to bid for a tender in offshore petroleum platform fabrication. A sample data and the assessment based on this data are gathered from an offshore petroleum platform fabrication company and this information is analyzed to understand the significant parameters in the industry. The alternative methods, &ldquo / Regression Analysis&rdquo / , &ldquo / Neural Network Method&rdquo / and &ldquo / Fuzzy Neural Network Method&rdquo / , are used for modeling of the bidding decision process. The regression analysis examines the data statistically where the neural network method and fuzzy neural network method are based on artificial intelligence. The models are developed using the bidding data compiled from the offshore petroleum platform fabrication projects. In order to compare the prediction performance of these methods &ldquo / Cross Validation Method&rdquo / is utilized. The models developed in this study are compared with the bidding decision method used by the company. The results of the analyses show that regression analysis and neural network method manage to have a prediction performance of 80% and fuzzy neural network has a prediction performance of 77,5% whereas the method used by the company has a prediction performance of 47,5%. The results reveal that the suggested models achieve significant improvement over the existing method for making the correct bidding decision.

Comprehensive studies are needed to discover materials and construction technologies contributing to the thermal performance of historical buildings and to keep them in working order over time. Examined in this study were the thermal performance characteristics of Seng&uuml / l Hamami, a 15th Century Ottoman bath, to discover original thermo-physical properties of historic materials and to assess thermal failures in present situation by taking into consideration recent incompatible repair work. The analyses were done by using non-destructive investigation methods, such as microclimatic monitoring, quantitative infrared thermography (QIRT), heat and water vapour transfer calculations, supported by laboratory analyses on thermo-physical properties of historic materials. The results were evaluated in terms of thermal properties of historic materials establishing the historic dome section, microclimatic characteristics of Seng&uuml / l Hamami, its original thermal characteristics, and thermal failures occurred in time due to wrong repairs. An in-situ assessment method was also developed for the identification of thermal and moisture failures at real boundary conditions by joint interpretation of QIRT and heat transfer calculation results. The study showed that historic dome structure of Seng&uuml / l Hamami was originally configured to provide sufficient thermal insulation characteristics owing to good thermal properties of its materials. That success was attributed to conscious use of low-density, high-porosity historic materials having low thermal conductance and high vapour permeability characteristics. It was seen that the thermal performance of historic structure was severely destroyed by recent repairs using concrete and cement-based materials, which were incompatible with historic fabric of the structure due to their different thermo-physical properties.

The performance assessment done by objective measures have now been replaced with subjective measures. Within the context of this research / interdependencies between a construction company&rsquo / s &ldquo / resources and capabilities&rdquo / , &ldquo / project management capabilities&rdquo / , &ldquo / strategic decisions&rdquo / , &ldquo / strength of relationships with other parties&rdquo / and &ldquo / external factors&rdquo / with &ldquo / project performance&rdquo / and &ldquo / company performance&rdquo / were investigated from a resource based perspective which put forward intangible assets of the company. To achieve the objectives, a questionnaire survey was administered to 73 Turkish contractors and the data obtained from 354 projects that were held during the last five years were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM). It was hypothesized in this study that construction company performance is influenced by the resources and capabilities within the company, the long-term and short-term strategies adopted by the company, the strength of the relationships of the company with other parties involved in construction projects, external factors and project management competencies. A structural equation model was set up to measure the seven latent variables through their constituent variables and to see if the hypothesized relationships exist. Based on the findings of this study, it can be concluded that, this research has introduced a method to measure performance both in subjective (qualitative) and the objective (quantitative) terms. The strong path coefficients between the constructs of the model are an indication that, after decades in pursuit of finding ways to improve the performance of construction companies, subjective dimensions of performance have proven to be as effective as the traditional objective dimensions.

Resource Leveling Problem (RLP) aims to minimize undesired fluctuations in resource distribution curves which cause several practical problems. Many studies conclude that commercial project management software packages can not effectively deal with RLP. In this study a branch and bound algorithm is presented for solving RLP for single and multi resource, small size networks. The algorithm adopts a depth-first strategy and stores start times of non-critical activities in the nodes of the search tree. Optimal resource distributions for 4 different types of resource leveling metrics can be obtained via the developed procedure. To prune more of the search tree and thereby reduce the computation time, several lower bound calculation methods are employed. Experiment results from 20 problems showed that the suggested algorithm can successfully locate optimal solutions for networks with up to 20 activities. The algorithm presented in this study contributes to the literature in two points. First, the new lower bound improvement method (maximum allowable daily resources method) introduced in this study reduces computation time required for achieving the optimal solution for the RLP. Second, optimal solutions of several small sized problems have been obtained by the algorithm for some traditional and recently suggested leveling metrics. Among these metrics, Resource Idle Day (RID) has been utilized in an exact method for the first time. All these solutions may form a basis for performance evaluation of heuristic and metaheuristic procedures for the RLP. Limitations of the developed branch and bound procedure are discussed and possible further improvements are suggested.

This thesis is an examination of the role of architectural benefaction of the local elite on the urbanization of the Greek cities of Asia Minor in the Roman Imperial period, and its impact on the social status of the benefactor. While providing a theoretical framework for the nature of benefaction in antiquity and the pattern of architectural renewal of the Anatolian cities under the Roman influence, the thesis focuses on a single case study / the Hellenistic City Gate of Perge which was restored by Plancia Magna during the reign of Hadrian. After its renovation, the gate became an indispensible part of the urban activities of Perge and a source of pride for both the city and its donor. Hence, this study constitutes an attempt to investigate the involvement of Plancia Magna&rsquo / s architectural patronage within the Roman urbanization of Perge and also the transformation of the public persona of Plancia Magna in the center of the male-dominated Roman society.

Hydropower is the most important domestic energy source of Turkey. Thus, wise planning and development of the unused hydropower potential of the country is vital. There are many hydroelectric power plants under planning stage in our country. Altiparmak HEPP is one of them. General Directorate of Electrical Power Resources Survey and Development Administration (EIE) and ANC Enerji conducted two separate feasibility studies for Altiparmak HEPP in 2001 and 2009, respectively. Traditionally, the energy income calculations for HEPPs are based on DSI or EIE Methods in Turkey. Both of these methods evaluate the firm and the secondary energy generations separately. Besides they use fixed prices for these two types of energies. However, hourly electricity prices are used for electricity trading in Turkey. A detailed economic analysis of Altiparmak HEPP is conducted in this study. The economic analysis included various factors, such as tailwater level change, varying operating levels for different seasons and precipitation and evaporation amounts which are not conventionally included in feasibility studies. Moreover, the energy income calculations are conducted with four different methods, the DSI Method, the EIE Method, the ANC Method and the Variable Price Method (VPM). The VPM is developed in this study and it allows utilization of hourly electricity prices in calculating energy income of the HEPP. To shed some light on how hourly electricity prices develop, this thesis includes a chapter on the electricity market which explains the details of electricity trading in our country after the Electricity Market Balancing and Settlement Regulation became active in 2009.

The purpose of this thesis is to examine the hazard identification, risk assessment and related determining controls aspects of occupational health and safety topic, within the framework of a safety management system, for the construction industry. To achieve this purpose, a literature survey is carried out with specific emphasis on the standards, guidelines, codes of practices and other documents published by authorized institutions and national legislation related with the subject. The Marmaray Project, which is considered as one of the major transportation infrastructure projects in Turkey, is chosen as the case study area. In the Marmaray Project, the case study is carried out at &Uuml / sk&uuml / dar Underground Station Construction Site as an example for the cut and coverunderground station construction and at Yedikule Tunnel Construction Site for the tunnel construction and achieved results are assessed within the context of this thesis.