Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:38:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Gesimary de Santi Azevedo.pdf: 4299348 bytes, checksum: 0da813be496ede343be189d7d8abfd80 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-11-25 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The present dissertation proposes itself to a floating reading of the sculptures works written on rocks - by a French sculptor Camille Claudel (1864 1943). Her written works on rocks talk by themselves and affect the one who gazes them. This research was born in this relational field of the work done with the contemplator s eye. I sought the sculptor s biography only afterwards. I was supported by historical conditions and, mainly, by the work itself, it raised me the opening to a psychoanalytical reading about it, as well as, about its effects on my own subjectivity. In this study I describe the route of my floating theorizations as I saw the work and read Camille Caudel s biography. A visible and sensitive work does not limit itself to what is realized, but it leads the contemplator s eye to a visible and, therefore to a tellable. I will talk about the sublimation, the symptom, and the idealization, using a Freudian psychoanalytical referential and, to talk about passion, alienation and the asymmetrical relationships, I will support my work on Piera Aulagnier. Two basic theoretical supports will be enough for my research at this moment / A presente dissertação se propõe a uma leitura flutuante das esculturas obras escritas em pedras, da escultora francesa Camille Claudel (1864 1943). Suas obras escritas nas pedras falam por si só e afetam quem as contemplam. Nesse campo relacional da obra feita com os olhos do contemplador, que nasceu esta pesquisa. Só posteriormente busquei a biografia da escultora. Apoiando-me nas condições históricas e, principalmente, na própria obra, esta me suscitou a abertura para uma leitura psicanalítica, bem como, de seus efeitos sobre a minha própria subjetividade. Neste estudo descrevo o percurso de minhas teorizações flutuantes, conforme via a obra e lia a biografia de Camille Claudel. Uma obra visível e sensível não se limita ao que se percebe, mas leva o olho do contemplador a um visível e, portanto, a um dizível. Direi da sublimação, do sintoma e da idealização, usando um referencial psicanalítico freudiano e, para dizer da paixão, da alienação e das relações assimétricas, me apoiarei na obra de Piera Aulagnier. Dois suportes teóricos básicos serão suficientes para a minha pesquisa, neste momento

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2017-02-22T11:45:44Z No. of bitstreams: 1 José Ribamar Ferreira.pdf: 884058 bytes, checksum: bc17949ed0cb882824fec45ea3cec3a3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-22T11:45:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 José Ribamar Ferreira.pdf: 884058 bytes, checksum: bc17949ed0cb882824fec45ea3cec3a3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-17 / This research aims to investigate the construction of subjectivity in Antonio Tabucchi’s novel Afirma Pereira, as well as the writing resources used by the author in the making of a certain type of subject amidst the existential uncertainties in the end of the 1930s, in the context of the Salazar regime. The analytical bias of this study assumes that Antonio Tabucchi proposes, throughout the novel, literature as a form of political resistance, and also the construction of one’s subjectivity in the search of self-affirmation in the middle of Portugal’s totalitarian ideology. Moreover, this research demystifies the ideological discourses that have contributed to the deconstruction of the subjectivity of the subject, such as alienation, self-restraint, and solitude. We furthermore identify in Afirma Pereira the identity crisis of the modern man, who was trapped in his “hegemonic self” and, therefore, alienates himself. Finally, we problematize the appearance of existential problems experienced by the character Pereira in that very troubled period of the history of Portugal, such as anxiety, melancholy, fear, insecurity, solitude, and uncertainties, among other symptoms of that country’s social-historical situation during the Salazarism. Concerning the construction of the subjectivity, the research is based on the reflections of Jean-Paul Sartre, Kierkegaard, Fernando Pessoa, Octavio Paz, and other authors. Through this research, we hope to communicate to the reader that it is indeed possible, from the enunciative voice of Afirma Pereira’s testimony, to elucidate and demystify ideological discourses and ethnocentric paradigms that prevail over people’s consciousness and prevent them from asserting themselves in the world / O objetivo desta pesquisa é investigar a construção da subjetividade no romance Afirma Pereira, de Antonio Tabucchi, e quais os recursos de escrita de que o autor se vale para construir certo tipo de sujeito em meio às incertezas existenciais no final da década de 1930, no contexto salazarista. A pesquisa se dá pelo viés da análise de que Antonio Tabucchi traz presente no romance a literatura como resistência política, a construção da subjetividade do sujeito em busca de se autoafirmar em meio as ideologias totalitárias de Portugal; também desmistifica discursos ideológicos que contribuíram para a desconstrução da subjetividade do sujeito bem como: a alienação, o comedimento, a solidão entre outros. Identificamos ainda, no romance Afirma Pereira, a crise de identidade do homem contemporâneo, que se prendeu no seu “eu hegemônico” e por isso se aliena. Por fim, problematizamos a aparição das problemáticas existenciais vivenciadas pela personagem Pereira, naquela fase tão conturbada de Portugal, entre elas: ansiedade, melancolia, medo, insegurança, solidão, incertezas, entre outros sintomas da situação sócio-histórica do país durante o salazarismo. Fundamentam a pesquisa, em relação à construção da subjetividade, as reflexões de Jean-Paul Sartre, Kierkegaard, Fernando Pessoa, Otávio Paz e outros autores. Esperamos, por meio da nossa pesquisa, dizer ao leitor que a partir da voz enunciativa do testemunho do romance Afirma Pereira, é possível sim, elucidar e desmistificar discursos ideológicos e paradigmas etnocêntricos que sucumbem a consciência das pessoas, impedindo-as de se autoafirmar no mundo

This dissertation examines a range of politicized artistic practices in Great Britain during the 1970s, a decade marked by economic decline and social fragmentation. The artists I primarily focus on in the pages that follow—William Furlong, Stephen Willats, Mary Kelly, and Conrad Atkinson—all appeared on Audio Arts, a “spoken magazine” distributed on audiocassette that was founded by Furlong in 1973. During the 1970s, Furlong, Willats, Kelly and Atkinson renegotiated their relationship to art institutions, expanded the role of the artist in society, and conceived of art as a form of political praxis, and this dissertation explores the strategies these artists devised to connect to publics outside the elite, bourgeois audience of art.

In 1928 Hipo´lito lrigoyen was the most popular President that the Argentine people had elected. Two years later his popularity had evaporated and a few hundred military cadets ousted the government. The reasons go beyond this two-year period. Argentina, contrary to popular belief, did not have a democratic tradition. The nation had been ruled by the dominant economic interests up to 1916. In 1916, Hipo´lito Irigoyen was elected to his first term. The people expected him to provide them with a decent and honorable life. But in choosing the legal path of elections instead of revolution Irigoyen pre-empted any revolutionary social changes. In 1928, Irigoyen, at 76, surprised his opponents and won a second term. He was loved by the people as he had embodied their spirit. But lrigoyen considered his victory as a mandate from the people, not an election. As the ends justified the means, the government operated on the margin of legality. lrigoyen had abandoned the principles that he had fought to maintain for over thirty years. This could have been tolerated if lrigoyen had enacted some pervasive social measures to maintain his support. Instead he permitted the usurped power to remain idle. The governmental processes slowed to a snail's pace. Appointments were not made, contracts were not signed, payments were not made while the President was intent upon increasing his power for power alone. The governmental inactivity and usurpations caused a wave of political unrest which culminated in the military golpe de estado of September 6, 1930.

In the wake of Francisco Franco�s long dictatorship, various new forms of literature emerged in Spain. A new period of transformation, the so-called Spanish Transition, fostered an environment of experimentation and innovation free from the restrictive barriers of Franco�s regime. The Transition proved a period of great hopes and expectations as well as disillusionment and disappointment. This time, above all, provided an opportunity to reflect critically on the history and experience of the nation in the 20th century. Eduardo Mendoza is one among a generation of writers that experienced the early years of the Transition, the subsequent emergence of the Socialist Party and the reintroduction of Spain to Europe and, indeed, the rest of the world post 1975. This noted Catalan is one of several distinguished writers working within a new genre, the Spanish novela negra, or crime novel. In particular, he has written three novels El misterio de la cripta embrujada (1979), El laberinto de las aceitunas (1982) and La aventura del tocador de senoras (2001); each featuring an unlikely detective known as Ceferino. In this thesis, I examine Eduardo Mendoza�s three crime novels as a carnivalesque discourse. The work relies on the theory outlined by Mikhail Bakhtin in two of his foundational texts, Problems of Dostoevsky�s Poetics (1929) and Rabelais� World (1940). In 1929, Bakhtin sketched out the idea of "carnivalization" as the transposition of the spirit of carnival into art. It was not until his thesis (now known as Rabelais� World) was published in 1960 however that his vision of carnival was understood and the link between the carnivalized text and popular culture emerged. This research focuses on Bakhtin�s four 'categories of carnival': free and familiar contact, eccentricity, carnivalistic mesalliances, and profanation, in order to develop a critical framework by which a text may be defined as carnivalesque. Through a comprehensive examination of what each of these categories entails, Bakhtin�s paradigm is linked to Eduardo Mendoza�s crime trilogy and these texts are consequently defined as undeniably carnivalesque. The conclusion of the thesis suggests several possibilities as to why Eduardo Mendoza, as a contemporary Spanish crime fiction writer, employs a carnivalesque discourse to depict post-Franco culture. The Transition and the decade between 1982 and 1992 are defined as periods of rupture from the official order. These years are considered an ideal environment for the unleashing of a carnivalesque ambiance in Spain that inherently effected the aesthetic production of the period, and specifically the works of Eduardo Mendoza.

This thesis is concerned with the poetics of impoverishment as found in the works of Saint-Denys Garneau and Samuel Beckett. It seeks to shed light on the reactivation of a Christian ascetic heritage within modern writing forms (poetic and narrative) and also, more specifically, to develop a novel analysis of these works from the perspective of their points of overlap. This thesis presents analysis of the relationships between voice and body (part I), of the doppelganger and self-generation figures (part II), of prayer, desert and image motifs (part III) throughout the totality of both corpuses. The comparative reading of the works of Beckett and Garneau highlights the complex relationship they entertain with certain Christian schemes (incarnation, sin, asceticism, kenosis) which they put into play on a properly literary level. This investigation also reveals that, within both works, these Christian schemes echo the aesthetic concerns of modernity (auto-foundation of the subject, authenticity, autonomy and purification of forms). / Key terms: Saint-Denys Garneau, Samuel Beckett, literary modernity, asceticism, poverty, doppelganger, Christianism, French-Canadian literature, French literature, Irish literature

Over the last twenty-five years, women's historians have striven with the problem of how to uncover women's lives in the past. The early concern with merely "retrieving" women's life stories has recently been augmented by a more theoretically- informed approach which takes into consideration issues of experience, voice, and representation, and which challenges the notion of absolute objectivity. This study was designed as a contribution to the latter type of historical research informed by the sociological debates on these issues, and was influenced by feminist materialist approaches that insist on accounting for both the content of experiences and the various discursive positions occupied by subjects. Specifically, it examines the bases of identity construction in the lives of two women teachers (Susan Abercrombie Holmes and Susan Suckley Flood) in nineteenth-century British Columbia, a context in which relatively little work on the history of women has been done. Identity is not perceived as given or static, but rather as constructed, changing, and sometimes contradictory. Even those markers of identity commonly called upon to describe a person- such as gender, race, class, religion, and nationality-are seen as problematic, and their ambiguities are discussed in relation to the life stories of the two women. Subsequently, the effects of these "markers" are further adumbrated through an examination of some of the less obvious ways in which the women's identities were constructed. These are all seen as interrelated, and include the influences of their families of origin on the women's earlier lives, especially regarding their education and marriage decisions, their functions as economic agents, their social relationships, and their self-images or self-representations. To the extent that these were fashioned by their gender identity, many similarities can be seen in their lives, but their experiences also diverged (widely or narrowly) as a result of their differences in other aspects, notably racial identity. These differences had a profound effect on the type and degree of material and ideological constraints placed upon them, and thus on the degree to which they were able to shape the construction of their own identities.

This thesis examines the use of the pastoral form in recent Canadian literature. As the pastoral constitutes a literary site where a concern for landscape converges with a search for community, it has been employed as a myth in nationalist discourses whose functioning depend heavily on symbolized landscapes and idealized social types. The philosophical basis of the pastoral is the classical opposition between nature and culture. For this reason, its representations are often coded as 'natural'. To this extent, the pastoral participates in a hegemonic myth-making system, constituting a limited semiotic field in which certain representations are privileged while others are negated. Following Marx and Barthes, the thesis contends that an attack the nature/culture opposition is essential to undermining the hegemony of the myth-making process. In the context of nationalism, a pastoral can articulate a critique of dominant a 'naturalized' representations when it questions its own use of the nature/culture opposition.

From the artistic experience of Saint-Denys Garneau, who decided to devote himself to painting and writing at the beginning of the 1930's, to the poetry and essays on art of Claude Gauvreau, Roland Giguere, Jacques Brault or Robert Melancon, Quebec's poetry maintains a fertile dialogue with the art of painting. Whatever form it takes, discourse on art allows the poet to reinforce or refine aesthetic sensibilities, to question the links or the disparities between texts and images, but also to conceive a theory about visual perceptions. Despite all that separates these two expressive modes, literature and painting both produce "visibility": even if some pictures are not figurative or some poems do not contain imagery, visual arts, beyond the topics or themes they provide to writers (landscape, portrait, still life, etc.), contribute to the development of "ways of seeing", ways of perceiving sensitive reality and of inserting oneself as a subject in the world. This is particularly true in the works of the three poets around which the main parts of this study are centered: Saint-Denys Garneau, for whom painting is a way of "learning to see" (apprendre a voir), Roland Giguere, whose poetic and artistic works share a desire to "give to see" (donner a voir), and finally Robert Melancon, who borrows from painters ways to "make see" (faire voir). By using notions and concepts that come from disciplines close to Aesthetics, this work proposes to circumscribe those "ways of seeing" and to assess how painting acts as a "seeing school" (ecole du regard) for these three authors. More broadly, since discourse on painting can be found throughout Quebec's modern poetry, this study also constitutes a point of view on the history of poetry in Quebec since Saint-Denys Garneau. / Keywords: Quebec poetry, painting, Aesthetics, visual perception, history of literature.

This study deals with Gertrud Kolmar's literary texts, those that center upon the topic of the French Revolution. It endeavors to examine her poetic discourse dealing with the possibility of an alternative political leadership in a time of crisis. The texts comprise the essay "Bildnis Robespierres," the Robespierre cycle of poems, and the play Cecile Renault. These texts, in which Robespierre takes center stage, stand out from within the complete works of Kolmar. They were written between the fall of 1933 and March 1935 and may be read as texts of resistance against the Nazi dictatorship. / Since these texts have to be seen as a direct reaction to the historical developments of the period, they are being closely examined herein, hoping to unearth their political and ideological intent. Drawing upon the theories and conclusions of New Historicism, which assumes that the writer and her subject cannot exist outside their socio-historical environment, important historical influences have been taken into consideration, in an effort to establish possible aspects that have entered into Kolmar's literary message. / A close reading of these texts demonstrates that, by first using the genre of the essay, Kolmar searched for a positive alternative paradigm of power to counter the fascist totalitarian regime. She finds this ideal in the figure of Robespierre because of his virtue and strong sense of justice. Because Kolmar interprets the Revolution as incomplete--since the Jacobin adhered to his principles up to his death--these texts may be considered as a revolutionary call to take up the fight for human rights once again. In her poems, Kolmar poetically creates a model of ideal leadership in the figure of Robespierre. She propagates his strict and harsh rule, as he presented himself to his fellow citizens and accepts violence as necessary in order to establish justice. Thus, Kolmar's model is problematic, since it mirrors, and therefore, confirms the given dictatorial power structures of the National Socialists. In an attempt to justify the use of violence and force, Kolmar immerses her protagonist in the messianic-idea. In her play, she adheres to her model of Robespierre as a messianic figure. But in the light of the altruistic attributes and the fate of the young Cecile Renault, whom Robespierre sacrifices, he appears questioned in his role as the only possible redeemer figure. Therefore, this last Robespierre-text reveals an expanded awareness and an altered attitude of the author towards her historical environment.