Dissertação (mestrado)-Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Psicologia, Departamento de Psicologia Clínica, 2009. / Submitted by samara castro (sammy_roberta7@hotmail.com) on 2011-04-07T18:29:11Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2009_JoanaPantojaScharinger.pdf: 752473 bytes, checksum: 57ca33e4090134d48cf5725f0fe2c25e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Daniel Ribeiro(daniel@bce.unb.br) on 2011-04-12T00:24:56Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2009_JoanaPantojaScharinger.pdf: 752473 bytes, checksum: 57ca33e4090134d48cf5725f0fe2c25e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2011-04-12T00:24:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2009_JoanaPantojaScharinger.pdf: 752473 bytes, checksum: 57ca33e4090134d48cf5725f0fe2c25e (MD5) / Este trabalho aborda o tema da alteridade em sua relação com a psicanálise. O objeto de estudo aqui proposto foi delimitado pelas seguintes perguntas: Como falar de alteridade em psicanálise? Como compreender o conceito de outro, quando nos referimos a esfera do psíquico? A partir da teoria lacaniana buscou-se a base para esta investigação. Foi traçado um percurso com o objetivo de identificar as diferentes modalidades de outrem que Lacan abordou. Este percurso foi organizado de modo a abordar cada um de seus registros - imaginário, simbólico e real. No registro do imaginário identificou-se a noção de pequeno outro. Compreendeu-se que nesta condição imaginária o outro está muito vinculado ao eu, numa relação de semelhança e ambigüidade. O registro do simbólico, por estar vinculado ao universo da linguagem possibilita ao ser humano constituir-se sujeito. O conceito relacionado a este registro, portanto, é o grande Outro. Já no registro do real alcançamos dois conceitos de alteridade. São eles o objeto pequeno a e o Outro gozo. O primeiro remete a um objeto faltoso, perdido. Trata-se do objeto causa do desejo, objeto que não existe. O segundo conceito está relacionado ao Outro sexo, esfera do gozo feminino. Inclui-se aí a lógica do Heteros. Buscou-se analisar em que medida cada um dos conceitos mencionados realizam uma abertura para a diferença. Observou-se que alguns conceitos alcançam menos esta condição do que outros. De qualquer modo, todos se referem a uma dimensão de alteridade. Por fim, se o sujeito lacaniano se constitui nos enlaces destes três registros, a experiência de alteridade faz parte da condição de ser sujeito. _________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT / This research work focus on the topic of alterity, and its relation to psychoanalysis. The object of study proposed was defined by the following questions: How to discuss alterity in psychoanalysis? How to understand the concept of other, when we refer to the psychism? The Lacan´s theory was the basis for this research. The proposal was to draw a theoretical path in Lacan´s theory to identify the different concepts of others that he analyzed. The intention was to study Lacan´s three dimensions - imaginary, symbolic and real. In the dimension of imaginary the notion of small other was identified. It was understood that in the imaginary condition the other is very tied to the ego, within a relationship of similarity and ambiguity. The symbolic order is related to the language what allows the human being to become a subject. The concept of alterity in simbolyc is the great Other. In the real dimension there are two concepts of alterity: the object a, and the Other jouissance. The first one refers to a lost object. It is the object cause of desire, which does not exist. The second concept is related to the other sex. We tried to examine how each of the concepts mentioned held an opening for difference. It was noted that some concepts achieve this condition less than others. Anyway, all of them refer to a mode of alterity. Finally, if the Lacan´s theory is related to these three dimensions, the experience of alterity is part of the condition of being a subject.

Orientador: Luis Carlos Guedes Pinto / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Agricola / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-14T02:38:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Oliveira_JulietaTeresaAierde_M.pdf: 6235939 bytes, checksum: 180b8c4897b2023645e9119af1abea0e (MD5) Previous issue date: 1991 / Resumo: Os objetivos deste trabalho são: caracterizar os padrões de variação sazonal de preços e quantidades e levantar as regiões de procedência dos principais hortigranjeiros comercializados na CEASA-Campinas no periodo de 1981 à 1990. Estes resultados foram comparados aos do Entreposto Terminal de São Paulo (ETSP) da CEAGESP. Tendo como critério a importância dos hortigranjeiros no que se refere as quantidades comercializadas e os valores transacionados, selecionou-se oito produtos principais: banana nanica, laranja pera, alface, repolho, cenoura, tomate, batata comum e cebola. Para determinação dos padrões de variação sazonal utilizou-se o método da média móvel centralizada e para o levantamento das regiões de procedência elaborou-se planilhas específicas para cada produto, onde relaciona-se quantidades ofertadas por Microrregião Homogênea, segundo os meses do ano. Concluiu-se que da mesma forma que não se pode questionar a existência de relações entre a evolução dos preços e sua oferta, não se pode tampouco ignorar a interferência de outros fatores não captados pelos indices sazonais, quais sejam: tamanho dos mercados, tipo de produto e expectativas dos agentes de comercialização. Constatou-se também que as principais regiões de procedência destes hortigranjeiros são praticamente as mesmas para a CEASA-Campinas e para o ETSP, exceto para produtos como a alface e o repolho, nos guais destacaram-se ofertas advindas de regiões especificas localizadas próximas ao mercado / Abstract: This research has the following purposes: to characterize the patterns of seasonal variations of prices and quantities, and to determine the regions of production of the vegetables traded at CEASA-Campinas, in the period 1981 to 1990. The results obtained were compared to those provided by Entreposto Terminal de São Paulo (ETSP)-CEAGESP. Eight main products were chosen according to their relevance related to the amount and value commercialized. The products are: banana nan ica, orange (laranj a pera), lettuce, cabbage, carrot, tomato, potato and onion. The patterns of seasonal variations were defined applying the centralized changeable geometric average method. The production areas were defined by specific product schedules. A schedule was made for with each product the amount offered by each Micro Region according to the months. The data analysis shows that the price changes are connected to the offer af the products, but not exclusively. Some other factors like: market size; trade agents' expectations and the kind of product, that are not considered by seasonal index, interfere on price changes. It was positively established that the main production areas of these products are the same both for CEASA-Campinas and ETSP, except for lettuce and cabbage. These two vegetables come mainly from specific areas of production close to their markets / Mestrado / Planejamento e Produção Agropecuaria / Mestre em Engenharia Agrícola

Orientador : Sonia Miriam Draibe / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-14T02:38:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Moreau_DanielaMaria_M.pdf: 11657005 bytes, checksum: c13b0b9062b3088f78e66f51db3c7a82 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1992 / Resumo: Não informado. / Abstract: Not informed. / Mestrado / Mestre em Ciência Política

No description available.

L'objectif principal de cet ouvrage fut d'établir et de comparer les possibilités d'isolation thermique des constructions industrialisées en bois, tout en satisfaisant aux exigences en vigueur. La conductivité thermique permet de quantifier la déperdition de chaleur à travers un matériau ou un élément, mais on préfère utiliser son inverse, la résistance thermique, pour caractériser le pouvoir isolant. Cette résistance thermique est très dépendante de la présence d'eau dans la paroi; il est nécessaire de pouvoir détecter et mesurer l'humidité afin de contrôler, d'autre part, la condensation. L'application de ces concepts aux bâtiments en bois constitue la phase pratique du présent travail. Il présente des solutions d'isolation thermique des différentes parties de la maison en fonction, entre autres, de la nature et de l'épaisseur de l'isolant. Ce présent travail peut constituer un guide pratique pour les professionnels du bâtiment, afin de choisir et de concevoir un modèle d'isolation conforme aux normes.

« Au cours de la dernière décennie, la recherche en marketing a profondément mis l'accent sur le développement d'un corps théorique de connaissances du processus de traitement humain de l'information. Un tel effort mérite beaucoup d'égards, car la compréhension du processus de traitement de l'information par le consommateur procurera d'importants éclaircissements sur les mécanismes perceptuels et cognitifs, composantes cruciales des modèles de comportement. Basée sur la notion de système de traitement humain de l'information de Newell et Simon (1972, p. 20-21) dont l'approche micro précisait trois composantes essentielles: 1) une mémoire composée de structures de symboles; 2) un ensemble de programmes et de processus d'information élémentaires qui peuvent manipuler les structures de symboles; 3) et des mécanismes d'interaction avec l'environnement, la présente thèse tente principalement d'expliquer l'écart existant entre le message en provenance d'un stimulus externe et l'information retenue (perçue et comprise) par les consommateurs. Dans le cœur du débat sur la plus ou moins grande quantité d'information utile au preneur de décision dont Jacoby et ses collaborateurs sont les principaux instigateurs de recherche, notre travail vise également à éclaircir certains résultats de recherche plus ou moins validés dont la notion de charge d'information et le comportement perceptuel des individus. Pour ce faire, nous avons sélectionné au hasard 150 consommatrices (dont 130 cas furent traités) auxquelles nous avons demandé d'observer cinq boîtes de conserves sur lesquelles nous avions collé des nouvelles étiquettes impliquant une quantité maximale d'information fournie de cinq 'bits". Utilisant un "plan d'expérience" factoriel 5 x 5 (5 niveaux d'information et 5 séries d'étiquettes), nous avons mesuré trois ensembles d'hypothèses: le premier se rapportant à la relation entre la quantité d'information fournie et la quantité d'information retenue (perçue et comprise); le deuxième traitant de l'impact du temps d'observation sur la quantité d'information retenue; et le troisième visant l'explication de la quantité d'information retenue à partir des variables socio-économiques (revenu, âge, scolarité) et psychologiques (personnalité, quotient intellectuel et styles cognitifs). La recherche s'est déroulée en deux étapes impliquant trois périodes de mesure. En effet, les consommatrices interviewées devaient se présenter pour deux entrevues dans un laboratoire à l'Université Laval à une fréquence de 15 jours d'intervalle. Lors de la première rencontre, une première mesure de la quantité d'information retenue et des variables socio-économiques et psychologiques avait lieu. Puis, au bout de 15 jours, une deuxième entrevue s'effectuait avec deux mesures de la quantité d'information retenue; l'une avant l'observation des étiquettes (les mêmes qu'au cours de la première rencontre) et l'autre immédiatement après. D'un tel protocole expérimental, et après utilisation de la régression comme technique d'analyse, nous avons obtenu les résultats suivants: La relation curviligne entre la quantité de données à traiter et la quantité d'information retenue n'est pas confirmée. Le transfert de l'information de la mémoire à court terme à la mémoire à long terme est influencé par le style cognitif du traiteur et la capacité de traitement initial de la mémoire à court terme. Plus un individu est perceptif, plus on lui fournit de l'information à traiter, moins il oublie d'information. Le gain d'information acquis par l'apprentissage et/ou suite à une deuxième exposition à l'information fournie n'est pas en relation linéaire avec le niveau d'information donnée. Il existe une relation linéaire entre le temps d'observation des stimuli et la quantité d'information retenue pour chaque période d'observation. Le style cognitif n'intervient pas comme une variable explicative significative de la relation entre la quantité d'information fournie et les informations mal retenues. Les résultats des modèles de régression montrent que les dominances cognitives ne sont pas des variables explicatives de la quantité d'information retenue. L'âge est inversement relié à la quantité d'information retenue, le quotient intellectuel est directement relié à cette variable, alors que le niveau de scolarité en interaction avec la quantité d'information fournie est directement relié à la quantité d'information retenue (après la deuxième période d'observation seulement). Le revenu n'est pas une variable explicative significative du traitement initial de l'information. Il en est de même pour la complaisance et l'agressivité. Par contre, le détachement intervient de façon négative dans l'explication de la quantité d'information retenue après la deuxième rencontre seulement. L'apport managérial d'une telle recherche se solde par l'idée de présenter aux consommateurs une information pré-traitée. Dans le cadre d'une politique nutritionnelle globale pour le Québec, une telle innovation faciliterait grandement l'application du concept de nutrition balancée. Parmi les autres contributions de cette thèse, nous notons l'identification de plusieurs projets de recherche portant sur les styles cognitifs et la personnalité entre autres. »--Pages xii-xiv

« Thèse présentée à l'École des gradués de l'Université Laval pour l'obtention du grade de maître ès arts (M.A.) » / « Dans cette thèse intitulée LES RELATIONS SOCIALES DE PRODUCTION DANS LES UTOPIES, l'auteur tente de cerner les principales caractéristiques fondamentales des relations de production au sein du discours et de la pratique utopiques. L'approche relève d'une démarche exploratoire et regroupe les écrits utopiques selon quatre phases historiques du développement du discours: a) les précurseurs ou les racines du courant utopique, b) la Renaissance de l'enseignement ou la liberté de l'esprit, c) la Justice politique ou l'égalité de tous devant la loi, d) l'industrialisation ou le partage économique. Le discours utopique s'est construit et élaboré tout au long de l'époque qui s'étend de la fin du Moyen Age jusqu'à nos jours. La formulation d'utopies a pris principalement racine dans les propositions sociales de Platon et par la suite dans celles de Thomas More. L'utopie s'est voulue d'abord comme éducatrice de ce nouveau type d'homme qui perçait l'horizon de la Renaissance. Avec le développement du moi et le développement de ce nouvel individu, elle a tenté par la suite de lui faire une place privilégiée comme acteur principal de la vie politique. La raison communautaire y aurait alors acquis l'autorité nécessaire à l'établissement d'un contrôle démocratique sur le fonctionnement de la vie politique. Mais à mesure que grandissait l'affirmation autonome de l'individu, ce dernier se tournait de plus en plus vers la satisfaction prioritaire de ses besoins matériels. La science et l'industrialisation étaient devenus les nouveaux domaines de conquête. C'est vers une vision du monde axée sur le partage économique que se tourneront désormais les propositions de l'utopie. Les relations sociales de production qui ont cours dans les utopies nous révèlent deux caractéristiques qui leurs sont fondamentales et intrinsèques: elles se structurent et s'élaborent à partir d'une vie politique communautaire et autogérée. Deuxièmement, elles s'articulent au sein d'une vie sociale tripartite et orientée vers la recherche d'une harmonie, d'une correspondance avec un ordre de réalité sur-naturelle. Le matérialisme dialectique postulait la nécessité d'une harmonisation de l'homme avec la nature. Le discours utopique verra de son côté la fin de l'aliénation de l'homme dans une mise en correspondance des activités et de la vie sociale de ce dernier avec celles d'un monde transcendental et métaphysique qui lui est hiérarchiquement supérieur. »--Pages 1-2

The objectives of this research were to evaluate reagents for use in a procedure to fractionate Cu in soils and to apply this methodology to soil incubated in the laboratory with added CuSO₄ or high-Cu swine manure. The evaluation procedure consisted of measuring desorption of Cu from a selection of clay minerals, organic materials, and hydrous oxides using reagents suggested in the literature. Adsorption of Cu by these materials was performed at pH 3.5 and 5.5 at two Cu concentrations, in the presence of 0.05 N CaCL₂. Despite the presence of excess electrolyte, 20-50% of the Cu adsorbed by montmorillonite was desorbed by N Ca(NO₃)₂, KCl, or Ca(ClO₄)₂. Less Cu was salt-exchangeable from humic acid and Fe oxides, and very little (<2%) from Mn oxides, reflecting the strength of bonding of Cu to these materials. Little effect of cation type on desorption was noted, but kinetic effects (up to 16 hours) and concentration effects (0.5 vs. 1 N) were noted. Specifically adsorbed (surface complexed) Cu was desorbed from these surfaces using 2.5% acetic acid and 0.1 N Pb(NO₃)₂, both reagents removing similar amounts (30-70%) of the adsorbed Cu, with Pb being slightly more efficient on some surfaces. Release of Cu from organics after Pb extraction was evaluated using 0.1 M K₄P₂O₇, 5% acetyl acetone, and 5% NaOCl. The former reagent was shown to be most effective, but also to have a solubilizing effect on Mn oxides. In a sequential scheme, therefore, removal of Mn oxideoccluded Cu by 0.1 M NH₂OH·HCl(pH 2) was designed to precede K₄P₂O₇ extraction. Dissolution of poorly crystalline Fe oxides by 0.275 M oxalate (pH 3.2, in darkness) was found to be selective and efficient, while this reagent under uV irradiation solubilized most crystalline Fe oxides, except hematite, more effectively than dithionite. The final sequential procedure consisted of H₂O extraction, followed by N Ca(NO₃)₂, 0.1 N Pb(NO₃)₂ 2.5% acetic acid (to dissolve Cu precipitates and residual complexed Cu), 0.1 M NH₂OH·HCl, 0.1 M K₄P₂O₇, 0.257 M oxalate (pH 3.2, darkness), oxalate under uV light (85C, 3 hours), and residual HF digestion. This procedure was applied to three Virginia soils treated with high rates (45 dry t/a) of high-Cu swine manure, or equivalent rates of CuSO₄ (50 ppm, soil basis). Fractionation was performed after 1, 4, 12, and 29 days of incubation at 30C. Compared to untreated soils, Cu-manure increased soluble Cu over the whole incubation period, while CuSO₄ treatment increased exchangeable Cu initially, but this decreased to near control levels by day 12. Nearly 80% of the added Cu from both sources was Pb- or acetic acid-extractable, the CuSO₄ being more easily displaced by Pb and the manure Cu by the acid. The organic Cu (K₄P₂O₇-extractable) increased slightly with Cu-manure additions, and there were smaller gains in the Fe and Mn oxide fractions. Fractionation of the high-Cu manure suggested nearly all the Cu was in an organic form, possibly low molecular weight organics that associated with soil surfaces upon addition to soil. Although manure treatment resulted in increased soil organic matter levels, an initial Eh decrease (to near 0 mv), and a rise in pH (to 7-8), there was little difference in the distribution of Cu between the fractions due to Cu source or between the three soils. Specific adsorption was the major retention mechanism, although the reversion of Cu to organic and oxide forms was hypothesized over long time spans. / Ph. D.

The classical route for the synthesis of this family of macromolecules is via nucleophilic aromatic substitution using dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) as a dipolar aprotic solvent and aqueous sodium hydroxide as a base. High molecular weight homopolymers can be synthesized in a short time (1 hour). However, hydrolytic side reactions can limit its scope for the synthesis of block copolymers. An alternate route using potassium carbonate/dimethyl acetamide as base and solvent respectively has been cited in the patent literature. We have used this method for the synthesis of several homopolymers and copolymers derived from various bisphenols. Our investigation into the kinetics and mechanism of this process has demonstrated that this route deviates from simple second order kinetics. This deviation has been rationalized to be due to the heterogeneous nature of the reaction. The utility of these polymers is a direct function of their excellent stability (hydrolytic, thermal and dimensional) wide use range and good mechanical properties. However, their poor solvent resistance can be considered and "Achilles heel". We reasoned that the introduction of a second ordered or crystalline component would vastly improve its solvent resistance. Hydroquinone polysulfone, homopolymer was reported to be semi-crystalline "as made". We thus synthesized and studied "random" copolymers obtained by reacting various mole ratio combinations of bisphenol-A and hydroquinone with dichlorodiphenyl sulfone. The molecular weight (M_n) of these copolymers ranged from 20,000-40,000. Their glass transition temperature (T_g) increased monotonically from 185°C for pure bis-A homopolymer to 210°C for hydroquinone homopolymer. Two different types of mechanical tests together with DSC and SEM measurements showed that improved solvent resistance (especially to liquids of interest to NASA for aerospace functions) could be achieved via a novel liquid induced crystallization process. ¹³C and proton NMR spectral assignments were successfully made using model compounds. The composition of the copolymers by NMR accurage to ±3%. Multiblock (-A-B-) copolymer of bisphenolA polycarbonate and several poly(arylether sulfones) were synthesized from well characterized oligomers. It was possible to prepare one or two phase block copolymers by controlling the molecular weights and/or interaction parameters of the parent oligomers. Surface characterization showed surface segregation even for the single phase material. Triad distribution of monomers in non-equilibrium copolycondensation was investigated by Monte' Carlo simulation. In the one step process, where the intermonomer and/or comonomers had independent functional group reactivities, the resulting copolymer was always random irrespective of the reactivity ratio of the comonomers. A non random distribution was obtained when the reactivity ratio of the funtional groups in the intermonomer and those of the comonomer were much greater than unit. Monomers that resulted in a random copolymer in a one step process could be made with a non random distribution by a multi-step process. / Ph. D.

Moiré interferometry is a relatively new branch of photomechanics that utilizes a diffraction grating on the specimen to determine surface displacements. To date, it has been used primarily to determine in-plane displacements of the specimen surface. The objective of this work is to demonstrate that the technique is capable of determining out-of-plane displacements as well. A high-frequency phase grating on a specimen surface is illuminated by oblique beams; two diffracted beams are recorded by holographic interferometry. If the wavefront warpages of the two diffracted beams are characterized by fringe orders, Nₐ and N_b, it is demonstrated that the in-plane displacements are proportional to Nₐ - N_b, while out-of-plane displacements are proportional to Nₐ + N_b. Initially, these subtractive and additive parameters are determined numerically, and the resulting displacements are compared to displacements measured by well-accepted prior experimental methods. Excellent agreement with these proven methods is shown. Using this remarkably simple relationship between wavefront warpages, an experimental procedure is developed which is capable of simultaneously determining the in-plane and out-of-plane displacements of a specimen surface. The method requires only one photographic exposure of the deformed specimen, with displacement information being extracted through the use of optical filtering. The fact that the information required to yield these patterns can be obtained from a single photographic recording not only makes this an experimentally simple technique to use, but provides the capability of analyzing dynamic events as well. The sensitivity of measurements made by utilizing this technique are directly proportional to the frequency of the specimen grating. Therefore, it is desirable to obtain specimen gratings with frequencies on the order of 500-2000 lines/mm ( 12, 700 - 50,800 lines/in.). A technique is developed whereby high frequency moire gratings with highly reflective surfaces can be transferred to workpieces made from most engineering materials. Specimen gratings with frequencies as high as 2000 lines/mm (50,800 lines/in.) and exhibiting 10 percent diffraction efficiency in the first diffraction order have been applied to numerous specimens using simple laboratory techniques. / Ph. D.