Notre mémoire est une analyse iconologique et interprétative des 2166 timbres-poste canadiens émis depuis 1851 jusqu'au milieu de l'année 2004. Notre objectif est d'analyser quels sont les éléments figurant sur ces timbres et de tenter de comprendre pourquoi ils ont été représentés, à quoi ils réfèrent, ce qu'ils symbolisent et évoquent, quels messages ils véhiculent, etc. Dans les deux premiers chapitres, nous traiterons de l'histoire des timbres canadiens et de l'institution qui les émet en analysant plus particulièrement, dans une perspective diachronique, les nombreux facteurs déterminant le programme philatélique : critères et objectifs officiels, considérations officieuses, impact du lobbying, importance des objectifs commerciaux. Par la suite, nous traiterons de certains aspects précis du corpus philatélique canadien, les chapitres trois à six étant respectivement consacrés aux personnages représentés sur les timbres, à la problématique du « nation building », aux thématiques patrimoniales et aux messages axiologiques que véhiculent les timbres canadiens. / Québec Université Laval, Bibliothèque 2014

Several interest groups seek to put a $15 per hour minimum wage amendment on the Florida ballot in 2020. Floridians voted successfully to increase the minimum wage back in 2004. While the measure passed by over 50% in every county, there were substantial differences. What explains variance in support for the 2004 Minimum Wage Amendment among Florida counties? Hypotheses were drawn from previous literature and theory and multiple regression models find several statistically significant results. The percentage of Hispanic residents and the percentage of residents with a high school education or less had a positive relationship with support for increasing the minimum wage, while the percentage of votes for President Bush had a negative relationship. Conclusions are drawn that suggest how these results may impact the expected upcoming vote to further increase the minimum wage in Florida.

La remisión de remesas internas puede generar beneficios significativos para quienes las reciben, especialmente en el cambio de condición de pobreza en la que viven las familias receptoras de estas transferencias. Así como se ha observado en los últimos años una migración internacional en aumento, hacia países desarrollados en busca de oportunidades; las familias menos favorecidas, vulnerables o en situación de pobreza o pobreza extrema, y que no cuentan con los recursos para un viaje internacional, también deciden migrar pero internamente, lo que se conoce como una migración del campo a la ciudad. Algunas de estas familias cuentan entre sus miembros con una persona que decide migrar con el objetivo de trabajar y generar recursos económicos que le permita salir de su condición de vulnerabilidad o pobreza y remitir a su familia dinero, el mismo que le ayuda a enfrentar la difícil situación que atraviesan.

Repeated stress has been reported to cause reversible impairment to the hippocampus. Glutamatergic and cholinergic systems were proposed to be involved in responses seen after exposure to stress and cholinesterase inhibitors. Effects of concurrent exposure to repeated stress and chlorpyrifos (CPF) on concentrations of excitatory amino acids, activities of cholinergic enzymes, and maximum binding density (Bmax) and equilibrium dissociation rate constant (Kd) of NMDA and total muscarinic receptors were studied in Long-Evans rats. The study was divided into 4 experiments. The first experiment was to find the dose of CPF to use for studies on the interaction of stress and CPF. From the results obtained, 60% of the maximum tolerated dose was chosen. An experiment to determine effects of repeated stress and CPF on cholinergic enzymes and glutamate included groups of rats (n=7-8) that were handled 5 days/week; restrained 1 hour/day for 5 days/week; swum 30 minutes for 1 day/week; or restrained 4 days/week and swum for 1 day/week, for 28 days. On day 24, each group was injected either with corn oil or CPF 160 mg/kg sc 4 hours after restraint. On day 28, blood samples were collected for acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity. Brains were dissected into hippocampus (HP) and cerebral cortex (CC) to determine activities of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), carboxylesterase (Cbxy), and choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), and glutamate and aspartate concentrations. CPF inhibited AChE activity in blood, CC and HP, but stress did not affect AChE activity. Repeated restraint with swim reduced Cbxy and CPF inhibited Cbxy. Restraint with swim had a statistical trend to increase concentrations of glutamate in the HP more than swim alone (p = 0.064); but CPF had no effect on glutamate in the HP. CPF decreased concentrations of elevated aspartate in the HP of rats that were restrained and swum. The results suggested that restraint with swim indirectly elevated acetylcholine in the CC, and tended to increase glutamate in the HP. The experiment designed to study the effects of concurrent exposure to stress and CPF on NMDA and total muscarinic receptors was designed similar to the previous study, except that endpoints were Bmax and Kd of NMDA and total muscarinic receptors in the HP and CC, and NMDA receptors in the hypothalamus (HT). Restrained rats had higher Kd of NMDA receptors in the HP than control and restrained with swim rats; however, Bmax was similar. CPF deceased Bmax and Kd of total muscarinic receptors in the CC of swum rats (237.64 &#177; 17.36 fmol/mg protein, 0.216 &#177; 0.023 nM) and CPF also decreased Bmax of total muscarinic receptors in the CC of restrained rats (229.08 &#177; 17.36 fmol/mg protein). There were no effects of stress, CPF, or interactions of stress and CPF on NMDA receptors in the CC or on total muscarinic receptors in the HP. In summary, CPF was capable of modulation of total muscarinic receptors of swum and restrained rats, suggesting that cholinergic transmission in the CC for cognition, sensory and motor activity may be modified. Furthermore, we examined effects of stress and CPF on concentrations of monoamines. Swim stress and CPF individually decreased concentrations of norepinephrine in the HP, whereas swim and restraint with swim decreased concentrations of norepinephrine but increased concentrations of DOPAC in the HT. Swim stress increased concentrations of dopamine in the HT more than control or restraint. CPF did not alter concentrations of norepinephrine, dopamine, or DOPAC in the HT. The interactions of repeated stress and CPF on serotonin approached significance in the HP (p = 0.06) and HT (p = 0.08). CPF increased serotonin concentrations in rats that were handled and restrained but not swum. CPF reduced the elevated concentrations of serotonin in restrained rats and restrained with swim rats (p < 0.05). Swim and restraint with swim were potential stress models that altered noradrenergic, dopaminergic, and serotonergic responses in the HT. In summary, repeated stressors had effects on glutamatergic, cholinergic, and monoamine systems. CPF had effects on cholinergic and monoamine systems but the interactions between stress and CPF were few. / Ph. D.

In most parts of the country, swimming pools are objects of recreation and entertainment - symbols of luxury, affluence. In Texas, they hold a similar position, but the water is viewed with a great amount of subconscious reverence. Its cooling properties make it more than a toy for "Marco Polo." Even people who cannot or do not want to swim will exert great effort just to dip their hands or wade their bare feet in a cool swimming pool. The act of cooling is relegated to concerns of comfort, survival, and mechanical possibilities. It plays such an important role in the daily life of a Texan, especially in the summer, yet we treat our swimming pools, air conditioners, and ceiling fans just as any other American. Should such a vital aspect of a Texan's daily life be realized so mundanely? So crucial a factor in our lives must be uplifted to some form more poetic than the noisy A/C unit under the kitchen window. In the Hill Country of Central Texas lies the village of Willow City, 1-1/2 hours southwest of the capital, Austin. A sinuous road, known as the Willow City Loop, winds north from the forgettable village through an untouched, untamed, semi-arid wilderness. The area is a stretch of vast expanses of granite and limestone often exposed with little or no topsoil. For a brief period during the springtime, the road becomes a traffic-congested line of families hoping to see flourishes of the in-bloom state flower, the bluebonnet. At all other times, the road is completely deserted. A field of alternating pink, orange, and rust-white stretches for miles with frequent interruptions of various shades of green from mesquite trees, live oaks, cedars, cacti, and lichens. The topography constantly changes. Boulder-sized shards of granite seem to just explode out of escarpments. In other places, horizontal bands of granite cantilever from the tops of hills, displaying the years and time of its formulation. Two hills in particular, the Twin Knobs, comprise a striking composition of great architectural quality. The architecture of the kidney-bean pool and the air-conditioner is inappropriate and inadequate when considering the significance of water in Texas. What is the architecture for the adoration of water in Texas? Where does one immerse oneself in water as a retreat from the sun and an act of tribute to that water? Furthermore, what is the form this architecture? How does such an architecture meld into a dynamic and varied topography? How does geometry generate or dictate such a form? Where do the geometry and formal expressions end and the architecture begin? Or, are they one? What is the nature of a human in such a place? This book presents a retreat whose architectural focal point is a pool nestled in an excavated basin between the Twin Knobs. It is shielded by a great cone that forces the heat of the sun to yield to the repose of the pool and its water. / Master of Architecture

This thesis studies increasing awareness of the connectedness of the body to architecture. The objective is to explore and investigate the levels of attention required by each sense to summon the corporeal nature of the observers, to call us to a quietness of mind, transcending our western pace and creating awareness that leads our bodies and mind toward a unified perception of place. / Master of Architecture

The site chosen for this thesis project is located in downtown Blacksburg, Virginia. It consists of a 30'­x110' infill lot and an alley running parallel to it. An initial desire to blur the boundary between the alley and the proposed building led to a study of the potential of parallel planes overlapped along the shared border. Representation of these planes in two dimensions allowed almost simultaneous perceptions of multiple spatial and geometrical configurations among them. The architectural consequences of this phenomenon became the main subject of inquiry. Exploration through silkscreen prints and model studies culminated in the design of an outdoor art gallery. / Master of Architecture

A house in the mid-west located on the prairie. A "get-away" from the busy city of Chicago, a place of quiet repose. View of the horizontal is intensified by various planes of crops and the plinth. Fields of crops descend in height to allow the house to rise up and breathe. A simple grid provides inspiration and gives structure. A house full of screens provides changing spaces and adjustable levels of privacy and protection. Views of one screen layered with another provide changing patterns. / Master of Architecture

La région de Moose Mountain, située dans la cordillère canadienne au sud de l’Alberta à 50 km à l’ouest de Calgary, est étudiée depuis plusieurs années par les compagnies pétrolières et gazières. Deux champs d’hydrocarbures contenus dans la formation carbonifère de Turner Valley sont exploités dans la région. Les réservoirs se retrouvent dans des écailles de chevauchement, des plis de propagation et des plis de décollement. Le cœur de la structure étudiée, l'anticlinal de Moose Mountain est interprété comme étant un pli de décollement (Newson et Sanderson, 2000). Ce travail de recherche est l'un des seuls à faire l’étude d'un type de piège affleurant en surface. Les travaux de terrain ont permis de réaliser une carte géologique en trois dimensions ainsi que huit nouvelles coupes structurales. Ces coupes ont ensuite servi pour l’élaboration d'un modèle structural 3D de la zone (Massé, 2003), qui a permis de mieux comprendre la géologie, la géométrie et l’évolution cinématique de la région en plus de permettre de valider les travaux de cartographie. La cartographie et l'analyse structurale de la région ont révélé que les rétrochevauchements ont joué un rôle majeur dans l'édification de la structure anticlinale de Moose Mountain. Les relations entre les plis, les chevauchements et les rétrochevauchements démontrent qu'ils sont contemporains. La zone de plis et de failles, située au centre de la région, est un bel exemple de réservoir subtil. Les plis secondaires sont des plis de propagation associés au flanc ouest de la zone triangulaire résiduelle de Moose Mountain. Ces anticlinaux sont très fracturés et grandement affectés par les rétrochevauchements associés à une zone triangulaire. La présence de ces nombreux rétrochevauchements affecte également la migration des fluides et la géométrie des réservoirs subtils, principaux pièges de la région. / Québec Université Laval, Bibliothèque 2019

Le but de cette étude était d'évaluer différents aspects de la validité de certains exerciseurs d'entraînement de l'attention. Pour vérifier leur contenu, les exerciseurs étaient comparés à des instruments de mesure de l'attention. Cette procédure fut utilisée puisque ces exerciseurs permettent l'enregistrement des résultats des participants, comme le fait un test d'attention. Il était prédit que les résultats aux exerciseurs allaient corréler avec les échelles de mesures de l'attention, et discriminer entre un groupe d'élèves en cheminement particulier et un groupe d'élèves en classe régulière. L'échantillon comprenait 49 enfants en classe régulière et 13 enfants en cheminement particulier, tous âgés de 9 à 13 ans. Les résultats obtenus à un des exerciseurs indiquent une bonne validité de contenu, tant par les corrélations obtenues que par sa capacité discriminante. Cependant, d'autres recherches de validation utilisant un nombre plus élevé d'individus présentant des troubles attentionnels sont souhaitables pour confirmer ces résultats.