La investigación se ubica en el momento de la gestión y funcionamiento del programa, formulándonos la pregunta general ¿por qué el Programa Nacional de Asistencia Alimentaria – PRONAA, no logra el impacto deseado en la región Ucayali? En este documento se describe el planteamiento del problema y se justifica la importancia del programa social de alimentación en el país y su contribución eficaz y eficiente al fortalecimiento de la alimentación, nutrición y desarrollo del capital humano, que consecuentemente, conlleve al niño y la niña al desarrollo e inclusión personal y social. El objetivo de la investigación reside en el estudio de la organización en términos de su estructura, funciones, recursos humanos, normativa, procesos y procedimientos; así como también el mecanismo de distribución de los alimentos, abordando los procedimientos y acciones que engloban la disponibilidad de los alimentos y la efectividad de la entrega. Se hace hincapié en el estudio del mecanismo de focalización e inclusión de beneficiarios al programa, las acciones y mecanismo de control y evaluación de la distribución de los alimentos y, finalmente, emprende la evaluación del grado de satisfacción y percepción de los beneficiarios acerca de la gestión del PRONAA. Con respecto a los hallazgos, se encuentra que el PRONAA, durante los períodos 2011 y 2012, tuvo déficit de personal que conllevó a debilitar su operatividad; tuvieron restricciones durante la programación y planificación para adquisición de alimentos, no se realizaba directamente la focalización de beneficiarios; con relación a la distribución de los alimentos, se suscitaron incumplimientos y retrasos de parte de sus proveedores, uno de los factores que limitó la distribución fue el mal estado de las carreteras y dificultades en el transporte fluvial y la infrecuencia de transporte aéreo. Por otro lado, se suscitaba la falta de stock de alimentos; las instituciones educativas no contaban con los implementos y utensilios para preparar los alimentos en la misma institución y tampoco contaban con un ambiente adecuado para el comedor; con relación a un sistema adecuado de almacenamiento de los alimentos, tanto instituciones educativas, como establecimientos de salud no lo tenían implementado. 6 En síntesis, la investigación sugiere: el fortalecimiento organizativo del programa, la formulación de una procedimiento adecuado de focalización de beneficiarios; un sistema de contrataciones para la compra de alimentos, que se adapte a la situación, a la necesidad y que favorezca la producción local; que mantengan adecuados stocks de alimentos; que el recurso humano sea suficiente y competente para una mejor operatividad y articulación; evaluar nuevos canales de distribución de alimentos o en su defecto la incorporación de cafetines escolares para lograr la preparación de los alimentos en el mismo centro educativo, con la implementación adecuada y bajo un control y monitoreo permanente. / Tesis

Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-10T14:24:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2015-03-05. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2015-12-10T14:30:19Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000854063.pdf: 7784907 bytes, checksum: 152bc8b422e30fa2c954e6ee0ebc8bbe (MD5) / A presente investigação teve como hipótese estabelecida a afirmação de que as problemáticas socioambientais verificadas (transporte público ineficiente, elevado número de veículos, congestionamentos em vias principais, desrespeito a pedestres, ciclistas e motociclistas, áreas sujeitas a enchentes, falha na divulgação sobre o serviço de coleta seletiva de resíduos, desmatamento ciliar em corpos hídricos urbanos, ineficiência nos serviços de saúde do município, insegurança e criminalidade urbana entre outros) na cidade de Limeira/SP, são decorrentes de falhas na elaboração/execução dos programas/projetos desenvolvidos pelo poder público local, e, por isso, existe a necessidade de pensar em novas propostas numa estrutura maior, isto é, pertencentes à Agenda 21 Local. Considerando este ponto inicial, fez-se necessário, através de um questionário elaborado com este propósito, o levantamento dos programas/projetos desenvolvidos pela Prefeitura Municipal de Limeira/SP nos anos de 2011 e 2012, por serem os últimos anos de uma administração de oito anos e, principalmente, porque em 2013 outra administração iniciou-se e assim, limitou-se o desenvolvimento de novos projetos. De posse desse primeiro levantamento, fez-se importante analisar os resultados (positivos ou não) dessas ações a partir do ponto de vista da população urbana. Para isso, outro questionário foi elaborado (com questões abertas, fechadas e dependentes) e aplicado junto aos habitantes desta localidade (Associações e Comissões de Moradores de Bairros, Escolas com Educação de Jovens e Adultos e em bairros de maior acessibilidade à pesquisadora). Os principais apontamentos feitos pela população foram problemas no trânsito e no transporte público coletivo, pequena participação da população em eventos e cursos culturais, serviço de coleta seletiva de resíduos pouco divulgado, pequeno conhecimento da população acerca do projeto... / This research has the hipothesis established the claim that the social and environmental problems verified (ineficiente public transport, large numbers of vehicles, congestion on main roads, disrespect for pedestrian, cyclists and motorcyclists, areas subjects to floods, failure to disclosure on the selective waste collection service, reparion deforestation in urban water bodies, inefficiency in the health services of the municipality, insecurity and urban among others) in the city of Limeira/SP, are due to failures in the development/implementation of programs/projects developed by local authorities, and therefore is a need to think of new prignosals in a large structure, that is, belonging to the Local Agenda 21. Considering this threshold, did where appropriate, through a questionaire prepared for this purpose a survey of programs/projects developed by the municipality of Limeira/SP in 2011 and 2012, being the last years of an administration of eight years and, mainly, because in 2013 other administration began and so, was limited to the development of new projects. Armed with this first survey, made it important to analyse the results (positive or not) of these actions from the point of the view of the urban population. To this, other questionaire was elaborated (with open, closed and dependente issues) and applied together with the inhabitants of this town (Association and Neighborhood Committees, schools with Youth and Adult Education and neighborhoods of greater acessibility to the research). The main notes made by the population were problems in traffic and transportation, small share of the population in cultural events and courses, selective collection service unheralded waste, little knowledge of the population about the Project Recycling Point and it's benefits, pollution and deforestation of urban water bodies, urban insecurity, deficiency in public health services of the population in sports municipal order and few...

Orientadora: Sandra Elisa Contri Pitton / Coorientadora: Clauciana Schimidt Bueno de Moraes / Banca: Silvia Aparecida Guarnieri Ortigoza / Banca: Ana Tereza Cáceres Cortez / Banca: Tânia Maria de Campos Leite / Banca: Cieusa Maria Calou e Pereira / Resumo: A presente investigação teve como hipótese estabelecida a afirmação de que as problemáticas socioambientais verificadas (transporte público ineficiente, elevado número de veículos, congestionamentos em vias principais, desrespeito a pedestres, ciclistas e motociclistas, áreas sujeitas a enchentes, falha na divulgação sobre o serviço de coleta seletiva de resíduos, desmatamento ciliar em corpos hídricos urbanos, ineficiência nos serviços de saúde do município, insegurança e criminalidade urbana entre outros) na cidade de Limeira/SP, são decorrentes de falhas na elaboração/execução dos programas/projetos desenvolvidos pelo poder público local, e, por isso, existe a necessidade de pensar em novas propostas numa estrutura maior, isto é, pertencentes à Agenda 21 Local. Considerando este ponto inicial, fez-se necessário, através de um questionário elaborado com este propósito, o levantamento dos programas/projetos desenvolvidos pela Prefeitura Municipal de Limeira/SP nos anos de 2011 e 2012, por serem os últimos anos de uma administração de oito anos e, principalmente, porque em 2013 outra administração iniciou-se e assim, limitou-se o desenvolvimento de novos projetos. De posse desse primeiro levantamento, fez-se importante analisar os resultados (positivos ou não) dessas ações a partir do ponto de vista da população urbana. Para isso, outro questionário foi elaborado (com questões abertas, fechadas e dependentes) e aplicado junto aos habitantes desta localidade (Associações e Comissões de Moradores de Bairros, Escolas com Educação de Jovens e Adultos e em bairros de maior acessibilidade à pesquisadora). Os principais apontamentos feitos pela população foram problemas no trânsito e no transporte público coletivo, pequena participação da população em eventos e cursos culturais, serviço de coleta seletiva de resíduos pouco divulgado, pequeno conhecimento da população acerca do projeto... / Abstract: This research has the hipothesis established the claim that the social and environmental problems verified (ineficiente public transport, large numbers of vehicles, congestion on main roads, disrespect for pedestrian, cyclists and motorcyclists, areas subjects to floods, failure to disclosure on the selective waste collection service, reparion deforestation in urban water bodies, inefficiency in the health services of the municipality, insecurity and urban among others) in the city of Limeira/SP, are due to failures in the development/implementation of programs/projects developed by local authorities, and therefore is a need to think of new prignosals in a large structure, that is, belonging to the Local Agenda 21. Considering this threshold, did where appropriate, through a questionaire prepared for this purpose a survey of programs/projects developed by the municipality of Limeira/SP in 2011 and 2012, being the last years of an administration of eight years and, mainly, because in 2013 other administration began and so, was limited to the development of new projects. Armed with this first survey, made it important to analyse the results (positive or not) of these actions from the point of the view of the urban population. To this, other questionaire was elaborated (with open, closed and dependente issues) and applied together with the inhabitants of this town (Association and Neighborhood Committees, schools with Youth and Adult Education and neighborhoods of greater acessibility to the research). The main notes made by the population were problems in traffic and transportation, small share of the population in cultural events and courses, selective collection service unheralded waste, little knowledge of the population about the Project "Recycling Point" and it's benefits, pollution and deforestation of urban water bodies, urban insecurity, deficiency in public health services of the population in sports municipal order and few... / Doutor

Made available in DSpace on 2015-08-20T17:09:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2014. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2015-08-20T17:27:13Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000841569.pdf: 1117995 bytes, checksum: 954226319e685464d460d6a71bbfb78e (MD5) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / Este estudo, de natureza qualitativa, teve por objetivo analisar os diferentes tipos de vídeos postados no site do YouTube®, referentes ao indivíduo idoso. O estudo foi desenvolvido utilizando-se pesquisa exploratória, realizada por meio de análise documental videográfica. Para a seleção dos vídeos, foram utilizados os termos idoso e mídia no site YouTube®. Como critérios de inclusão na pesquisa, foram levados em consideração apenas os vídeos brasileiros, entre os que continham apenas imagens e os que continham linguagem oral expressa em português, postados no período entre 2011 e 2012. Os 60 vídeos amostrais foram selecionados em 5 diferentes categorias: 1) Reportagens (30 vídeos), 2) Vídeos de Imagens e Filmes (13 vídeos), 3) Propagandas (12 vídeos), 4) Entrevistas (3 vídeos) e 5) Outros (2 vídeos). Posteriormente, foram analisados os conteúdos neles apresentados, por meio de 3 eixos temáticos, assim como propõe a Técnica de Análise de Conteúdo e incluíram: Eixo 1 - Falas, Eixo 2 - Expressão Corporal, Eixo 3 - Participação nos vídeos e contextos periféricos. Os resultados encontrados no Eixo 1 demonstram que a maior parte dos assuntos abordados envolvidos nos vídeos incluiu as temáticas violência e a prática de atividades diversas. Foram observadas tonalidades de voz forte e animadas, mas também, fracas e trêmulas e os significados das falas dos participantes dos vídeos evidenciaram, tanto tendências negativas, como positivas. Porém evidencia-se que as tendências negativas tiveram maior incidência quando provinham de pessoas periféricas do que dos idosos. Para o Eixo 2, foram encontrados predominância de movimentos reduzidos dos idosos, que, na maior parte das situações, estavam sentados dando uma entrevista. Tinham expressão facial marcada por sorrisos, risadas e gargalhadas predominantemente e postura ereta na maior parte das situações. Também foram observadas... / This qualitative study aims to analyze the different types of Brazilian videos posted on the Youtubesite, referring to the elderly. The study was developed by exploratory research through documentary videographic analysis. The videos were selected by the terms idoso and mídia at the Youtubesite). As research inclusion criteria, only Brazilian videos were considered which contained images and speeches that were expressed in Portuguese language and posted during the period of 2011 to 2012. The 60 videos were selected according to five different categories: 1) Reports (30 videos), 2) Videos with images and movies (13 videos), 3) Advertisements (12 videos), 4) Interviews (3 videos) and 5) Others (2 videos). Subsequently, their contents were analyzed by three thematic axes as proposed by the Content Analysis Technique : Theme 1 - Speech, Theme 2 - Body language, Theme 3 - Videos participation and peripheral contexts. The Theme 1 results show that most of the issues involved in the videos included the thematic aggression and the practice of various activities. Strong and lively voice tones were observed, but also weak and trembling voices were noted and the meanings of participants' speech in the videos showed, both negative and positive trends. However, it is evident that the negative trends had a higher incidence when came from peripheral people than the elderly. To the Theme 2, it was found the prevalence of the reduced movements by the elderly, which in the most of the situations, were seated during interview. They had their facial expression marked by smiles and laughter predominantly and, they got an upright posture in the most of the situations. Also, it was observed physical characteristics that demonstrated the elderly predominantly with white or brown skin, white, gray or dyed hair and older people wearing simple clothes, with light or dark colors and smooth. There was a predominance of the use of decorative objects...

Orientadora: Gisele Maria Schwartz / Coorientador: Wilson do Carmo Júnior / Banca: Giselle Helena Tavares / Banca: Priscila Carneiro Valim-Rogatto / Resumo: Este estudo, de natureza qualitativa, teve por objetivo analisar os diferentes tipos de vídeos postados no site do YouTube®, referentes ao indivíduo idoso. O estudo foi desenvolvido utilizando-se pesquisa exploratória, realizada por meio de análise documental videográfica. Para a seleção dos vídeos, foram utilizados os termos "idoso" e "mídia" no site YouTube®. Como critérios de inclusão na pesquisa, foram levados em consideração apenas os vídeos brasileiros, entre os que continham apenas imagens e os que continham linguagem oral expressa em português, postados no período entre 2011 e 2012. Os 60 vídeos amostrais foram selecionados em 5 diferentes categorias: 1) Reportagens (30 vídeos), 2) Vídeos de Imagens e Filmes (13 vídeos), 3) Propagandas (12 vídeos), 4) Entrevistas (3 vídeos) e 5) Outros (2 vídeos). Posteriormente, foram analisados os conteúdos neles apresentados, por meio de 3 eixos temáticos, assim como propõe a Técnica de Análise de Conteúdo e incluíram: Eixo 1 - Falas, Eixo 2 - Expressão Corporal, Eixo 3 - Participação nos vídeos e contextos periféricos. Os resultados encontrados no Eixo 1 demonstram que a maior parte dos assuntos abordados envolvidos nos vídeos incluiu as temáticas violência e a prática de atividades diversas. Foram observadas tonalidades de voz forte e animadas, mas também, fracas e trêmulas e os significados das falas dos participantes dos vídeos evidenciaram, tanto tendências negativas, como positivas. Porém evidencia-se que as tendências negativas tiveram maior incidência quando provinham de pessoas periféricas do que dos idosos. Para o Eixo 2, foram encontrados predominância de movimentos reduzidos dos idosos, que, na maior parte das situações, estavam sentados dando uma entrevista. Tinham expressão facial marcada por sorrisos, risadas e gargalhadas predominantemente e postura ereta na maior parte das situações. Também foram observadas... / Abstract: This qualitative study aims to analyze the different types of Brazilian videos posted on the Youtubesite, referring to the elderly. The study was developed by exploratory research through documentary videographic analysis. The videos were selected by the terms "idoso" and "mídia" at the Youtubesite). As research inclusion criteria, only Brazilian videos were considered which contained images and speeches that were expressed in Portuguese language and posted during the period of 2011 to 2012. The 60 videos were selected according to five different categories: 1) Reports (30 videos), 2) Videos with images and movies (13 videos), 3) Advertisements (12 videos), 4) Interviews (3 videos) and 5) Others (2 videos). Subsequently, their contents were analyzed by three thematic axes as proposed by the Content Analysis Technique : Theme 1 - Speech, Theme 2 - Body language, Theme 3 - Videos participation and peripheral contexts. The Theme 1 results show that most of the issues involved in the videos included the thematic aggression and the practice of various activities. Strong and lively voice tones were observed, but also weak and trembling voices were noted and the meanings of participants' speech in the videos showed, both negative and positive trends. However, it is evident that the negative trends had a higher incidence when came from peripheral people than the elderly. To the Theme 2, it was found the prevalence of the reduced movements by the elderly, which in the most of the situations, were seated during interview. They had their facial expression marked by smiles and laughter predominantly and, they got an upright posture in the most of the situations. Also, it was observed physical characteristics that demonstrated the elderly predominantly with white or brown skin, white, gray or dyed hair and older people wearing simple clothes, with light or dark colors and smooth. There was a predominance of the use of decorative objects... / Mestre

Introduction: More than one-third of adults and 17% of children/adolescents in the US are overweight or obese contributing to significant morbidity and mortality, and healthcare costs. Studies have reported the persistence of adolescent obesity to adulthood, resulting in increased risk of chronic diseases such as asthma, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular, and liver diseases. Little is known about obesity patterns in subethnic populations in the US with high prevalence of obesity or overweight reported in Hispanic youth (21.9%) compared to non-Hispanic blacks (19.5%) and non-Hispanic whites (14.7%). Several genetic, uterine, and nutritional factors, and unhealthy behaviors were identified as risk factors. Evidence is emerging about the possible role of generational status in influencing adolescent obesity. The purpose of this study is to assess the association of generation status with adolescent overweight or obesity in Hispanics in the US. Methods: Data from the 2011-2012 National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH)were used to conduct this study. Only Hispanic adolescents aged 10 to 17 years were included as study population. Using the age-sex-race specific cut-off points, we defined adolescent as being overweight or obese if they were above 85th or 95th percentile cut off point values for BMI. Generation status of an adolescent was categorized into three groups: a) generation 1 for those who were not born in US or to US citizens abroad, and migrated to US as children, b) generation 2 are those born in US but have at least one parent who is foreign born, and c) generation 3 or higher adolescents are those born in US to native-born parents. Multivariable models were conducted to test the association of generation status with adolescent obesity in Hispanics, adjusting for potential confounders. Results: A total of 5,217 Hispanic adolescents were included in the study. Approximately 1,650 and 31.7% of adolescents reported being overweight or obese. Approximately 857, 2,216 and 2,144 of adolescents are 1st, 2nd and 3rd generation Hispanic youth. Comparing to 3rd generation adolescents, those belonging to 1st and 2ndgenerations were associated with increased odds of adolescent obesity in Hispanics OR1.48, 95% CI 1.177 – 1.867 and OR 1.405, 95% CI 1.227-1.610 for 1st and 2nd generation, respectively. Conclusion: Generational status is associated with increased relative odds of overweight or obesity in Hispanic adolescents. Aggregated estimates not accounting for nativity or county of origin of an adolescent contribute to significant heterogeneity or disparities in obesity prevalence or patterns, with implications for generation-specific interventions.

Emissionen aus Punktquellen, diffuse Stoffeinträge und geogene Hintergrundbelastungen prägen die Immissionssituation der Gewässer. Im Wesentlichen können folgende Belastungsquellen für oberirdische Gewässer unterschieden werden. Zur Charakterisierung aller abwasserbezogenen Belastungspfade werden im vorliegenden Bericht Abwassereinleitungen in oberirdische Gewässer aus Punktquellen branchen-, regional- und flussgebietsbezogen zusammengestellt und Abwassereinträge aus urbanen Flächen abgeschätzt. Für die Darstellung flussgebietsspezifischer Aspekte werden zusätzlich zu den Hauptflussgebieten Betrachtungsräume im Sinne einer Gruppendarstellung von Oberflächenwasserkörpern herangezogen. Die Ergebnisse für die Bezugsjahre 2011/2012 werden in einer Datensammlung zur Beschreibung der Abwasseremissionen in Sachsen zusammengeführt und als fünfter sächsischer „Emissionsbericht Abwasser“ vorgelegt. Der Bericht schreibt die Ergebnisse der vier vorangegangenen Emissionsberichte Abwasser (LfUG 2004, LfUG 2007, LfULG 2010, LfULG 2013) mit ihren Bestandsaufnahmen für die Bezugsjahre 2001, 2005/2006, 2007/2008 bzw. 2009/2010 fort.

La investigación se ubica en el momento de la gestión y funcionamiento del programa, formulándonos la pregunta general ¿por qué el Programa Nacional de Asistencia Alimentaria – PRONAA, no logra el impacto deseado en la región Ucayali? En este documento se describe el planteamiento del problema y se justifica la importancia del programa social de alimentación en el país y su contribución eficaz y eficiente al fortalecimiento de la alimentación, nutrición y desarrollo del capital humano, que consecuentemente, conlleve al niño y la niña al desarrollo e inclusión personal y social. El objetivo de la investigación reside en el estudio de la organización en términos de su estructura, funciones, recursos humanos, normativa, procesos y procedimientos; así como también el mecanismo de distribución de los alimentos, abordando los procedimientos y acciones que engloban la disponibilidad de los alimentos y la efectividad de la entrega. Se hace hincapié en el estudio del mecanismo de focalización e inclusión de beneficiarios al programa, las acciones y mecanismo de control y evaluación de la distribución de los alimentos y, finalmente, emprende la evaluación del grado de satisfacción y percepción de los beneficiarios acerca de la gestión del PRONAA. Con respecto a los hallazgos, se encuentra que el PRONAA, durante los períodos 2011 y 2012, tuvo déficit de personal que conllevó a debilitar su operatividad; tuvieron restricciones durante la programación y planificación para adquisición de alimentos, no se realizaba directamente la focalización de beneficiarios; con relación a la distribución de los alimentos, se suscitaron incumplimientos y retrasos de parte de sus proveedores, uno de los factores que limitó la distribución fue el mal estado de las carreteras y dificultades en el transporte fluvial y la infrecuencia de transporte aéreo. Por otro lado, se suscitaba la falta de stock de alimentos; las instituciones educativas no contaban con los implementos y utensilios para preparar los alimentos en la misma institución y tampoco contaban con un ambiente adecuado para el comedor; con relación a un sistema adecuado de almacenamiento de los alimentos, tanto instituciones educativas, como establecimientos de salud no lo tenían implementado. 6 En síntesis, la investigación sugiere: el fortalecimiento organizativo del programa, la formulación de una procedimiento adecuado de focalización de beneficiarios; un sistema de contrataciones para la compra de alimentos, que se adapte a la situación, a la necesidad y que favorezca la producción local; que mantengan adecuados stocks de alimentos; que el recurso humano sea suficiente y competente para una mejor operatividad y articulación; evaluar nuevos canales de distribución de alimentos o en su defecto la incorporación de cafetines escolares para lograr la preparación de los alimentos en el mismo centro educativo, con la implementación adecuada y bajo un control y monitoreo permanente. / Tesis

The origin of silicic magma in basalt-dominated oceanic settings is fundamental to our understanding of magmatic processes and formation of the earliest continental crust. Particularly significant is magma-crust interaction that can modify the composition of magma and the dynamics of volcanism. This thesis investigates silicic magma genesis on different scales in two ocean island settings. First, volcanic products from a series of voluminous Neogene silicic centres in northeast Iceland are investigated using rock and mineral geochemistry, U-Pb geochronology, and oxygen isotope analysis. Second, interfacial processes of magma-crust interaction are investigated using geochemistry and 3D X-ray computed microtomography on crustal xenoliths from the 2011-12 El Hierro eruption, Canary Islands. The results from northeast Iceland constrain a rapid outburst of silicic magmatism driven by a flare of the Iceland plume and/or by formation of a new rift zone, causing large volume injection of basaltic magma into hydrated basaltic crust. This promoted crustal recycling by partial melting of the hydrothermally altered Icelandic crust, thereby producing mixed-origin silicic melt pockets that reflect the heterogeneous nature of the crustal protolith with respect to oxygen isotopes. In particular, a previously unrecognised high-δ18O end-member on Iceland was documented, which implies potentially complex multi-component assimilation histories for magmas ascending through the Icelandic crust. Common geochemical traits between Icelandic and Hadean zircon populations strengthen the concept of Iceland as an analogue for early Earth, implying that crustal recycling in emergent rifts was pivotal in generating Earth’s earliest continental silicic crust. Crustal xenoliths from the El Hierro 2011-2012 eruption underline the role of partial melting and assimilation of pre-island sedimentary layers in the early shield-building phase of ocean islands. This phenomenon may contribute to the formation of evolved magmas, and importantly, the release of volatiles from the xenoliths may be sufficient to increase the volatile load of the magma and temporarily alter the character and intensity of an eruption. This thesis sheds new light on the generation of silicic magma in basalt-dominated oceanic settings and emphasises the relevance of magma-crust interaction for magma evolution, silicic crust formation, and eruption style from early Earth to present.

Over the course of the last few years, a new movement has taken the American political system by storm, the Tea Party. The movement has not only captivated our media but also the minds of ordinary Americans and political elites. According to popular consensus and academic opinion, the Tea Party is comprised of a group of conservative-leaning Republicans who want a smaller government and a lesser tax burden. This is what we think of the Tea Party, but is it true? It is perceived that Tea Party members differ significantly from their Republican colleagues in the House of Representatives, but do they? Do they truly represent the Tea Party philosophy and agenda? By creating an original data set on the Republican members of the United States House of Representatives, and examining variables such as the political lean, economic and employment make-up of a member's district, their endorsements and incumbency, as well as high priority legislative votes from the 112th Congress, I will be able to investigate the characteristics and tendencies of Tea Party Caucus members. Once one looks at the 242 member House Republican Caucus and further examines the sixty members of the Tea Party Caucus, the data shows that Tea Party Caucus members largely originate from safe Republican districts and have served in previous congressional terms. Analysis shows that Tea Party Caucus members do vary significantly from their House Republican colleagues when examining their districts, but do not vary as considerably when examining their voting patterns.