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This disertation thesis is about czech social prose of 30´s of the 20th century, which is analyzed and interpreted in czech literary discourse and then integrated in context of world literature of 20´s and 30´s. This study focuses in detail on american social prose of the first half of the 20th century, which is analyzed and discussed. Then thesis try to compare and interpret of czech and american social prose, it look for common atributes in selected texts and it try to find possible inspirations and influences in them. A part of this work is bibliographic study which summarizes czech social prose and czech translations of american social prose authors.

Nesta dissertação, investigarei a configuração do quadro partidário brasileiro pós-revolução de 30 e busco levantar explicações sobre o porquê deste rearranjo partidário. Estas explicações foram levantadas com base em dois elementos explicativos encontrados na literatura, que corresponde: a explicação institucionalista e a contingencial e em cima destas será elaborada a resposta sobre o problema em tela. Este trabalho ao dar atenção a este tema traz luz a um problema ainda não investigado pela ciência política brasileira e abre um leque para a emergência de uma nova agenda de pesquisa na Ciência Política brasileira. / In this dissertation I will investigate the Brazilian party framework configuration in the period after the revolution of 1930 and I aim to seek for explanations about this party rearrangement. These explanations were raised in connection with two explanatory elements found in the literature: the institutionalism and contingency explanations, over these two theories the answer to the research problem will be given. This work pretends to give attention to a very important problem that wasnt investigated by Brazilian political science and consequently this will open a new research agenda inside Brazilian political science.

This investigation is in the discipline of theology (Church History) and seeks to discover how and why the early Christians separated themselves from the world in which they lived, and the results thereof. A study is made of the Roman Empire of the first three centuries, its politics, commerce and industry, and entertainment. The Christians’ separateness-policy under these three headings is then examined in some detail. They lived and worked among the people of the empire, but were separate from them in their code of conduct. The Christians’ separateness in politics was expressed by their refusal to worship the state gods and participate in the ceremonies, festivals and sacrifices associated therewith. They were ‘atheists’ who brought down the wrath of the gods upon the land. They followed a non-violence policy and preferred not to join the army and were viewed as disloyal subjects. People of all class-distinctions were welcomed at their gatherings and this was seen as a challenge to Roman sovereignty and the established class-order. The Christians’ separateness in commerce and industry was expressed in their refusal to join the guilds and to make sacrifices to the gods. They would not take jobs that promoted immorality or idolatry or that devalued human life. Their allegiance was to Christ and not to human patrons, and they supported one another financially within the Christian fellowship. The Christians’ expressed their separateness in leisure and entertainment by refusing to attend the games and spectacles of the arena and would not take part in the sacrifices associated with them. They spoke against gambling and the activities of the theatre, and followed a new style of sexual conduct that taught modesty, purity, and the sanctity of marriage. Rather than take part in meals that encouraged drinking and immorality, they met for simple Love Feasts. Many Christians died cruel deaths in these arenas. In spite of the opposition, Christianity continued to grow and by the end of the third century was a ‘state within a state’, independent and able to take care of her own. The last great persecution took place between AD 303-313 when severe and cruel ultimatums were issued to the Christians. Eventually the pagan world was convinced that if Christianity was worth dying for then it was worth living for. Many believed that their own gods had failed them. In AD 313, emperor Constantine proclaimed Christianity to be legal, and not long afterwards Christianity was proclaimed the state religion. Some hundred years later, it was the empire that ended, not Christianity. A comparison can therefore be made of the separateness of the early church who believed Christ’s words stating that they were ‘in the world but not of the world’, and today’s contemporary Christian and Pentecostal movements who claim to use the early church as a role-model. / Dr. M. Nel Prof. L. Grundlingh

Introduction Krypton-81m is a radioactive gas with a half-life of 13 s, and found to be useful in many applications in nuclear medicine, particularly for lung perfusion studies and ventilations. Due to high demands for 81mKr, we have developed an automated Krypton system to be installed in one of the Cyclotron’s beamlines at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSH&RC) and to deliver large activity of the radioactive gas. Material and Methods The effective cross section of producing 81Rb is between 15 and 30 MeV [1]. Therefore, range and stopping power of the effective cross section were calculated with respect to gas density of 0.0185 g/cm3. This value is equivalent to gas density at 5.0 bars at room temperature. SRIM calculations resulted in a range of 589 mm. However, due to limitation in fabricating such long target chamber, the target length is chosen to be 250 mm. Attached to the end of target body is a special water circulating flange ‘back-pool’, its purpose is to absorb the rest of the energy and protons Bragg peak. The target body is made of Aluminum with the inner part being electroplated with nickel. The target body is of conical shape. The target body is electrically isolated from other parts to allow accurate beam current reading. Full access to the target loading/unloading steps is made through touch screen technology (FIG. 2) for user access. Additionally, the target control system is designed to be protected through chain of interlock steps. The production cycle of 81Rb is explained as follow. Target is evacuated to approximately 10−3 mbar before being filled with natKr at pressure of 5 bars. At the end of bombardment, recovery of natKr is done via cryogenic vessel. Finally, the radioactivity is washed with KCl and pushed to Hotcells through the nitrogen gas for chemistry processing. Irradiation time was approximately 30 min. Results and Conclusion Experimental results clearly showed a fairly good activity of 81mKr as shown in TABLE 1. In all experiments, the radionuclidic purity of 81mKr was above 99.59%. 79mKr and 79Kr were also measured with a percentage of, respectively, 0.34 and 0.07 %. Special attention has to be drawn to last experiment where the yield significantly in-creased, due to the period where the KCl left inside the target (10 min) before pushing the solution to the Hotcells

Introduction Nitrogen [13N] NH3 is a liquid radioisotope, produced by medical cyclotrons for nuclear medicine application and widely applied for evaluation of myocardial perfusion in clinical assessments [1,2]. Owing to its short half-life (10 minutes), the unloading procedure of the radio-active solution of [13N]NH3 from the target is crucial in saving the activity produced for patient. Therefore, an efficient technique in un-loading the radioactive solution from the target body was developed using COMSOL Multiphysics. The new design of the target with improved unloading technique resulted in 30% increase of the available 13N activity. In our experiments, 13N was produced by the 16O(p,α)13N reaction. The energy of proton beam was 16.5 MeV. Material and Methods A 2D model was developed using COMSOL Multiphysics to simulate the inner geometry of [13N] Ammonia target. In the 2D model, water and aluminum were used as materials for the inner body and outer boundary (walls), respectively. The physical equations used to solve the problem of allocating proper place for the loading/unloading opening is turbulent, k-ε Module being extracted from fluid flow module. FIGURE 1 shows the result of simulating water flow on the target water channels. The entrance of the pushing solution (for unloading) was designed to create a turbulent flow inside the target body and, hence, to collect most of the activity inside the target. FIGURE 2 shows the setup for 13N production. A peristaltic pump is used to push the solution after irradiation to the hotcell at 6 ml/min flowrate. The distance from the target to the hotcell is approximately 30 meters. Results and Conclusion FIGURE 3 presents activity produced in milicurie (mCi) for several patient runs. The activity obtained in some experiments reached up to 330 mCi when we irradiated the target with 25 μA for 15 min. This was satisfactory for delivery to the patient at the nuclear medicine department. Moreover, purity of [13N] purity was above 95 % what meets the standard regulation for administration to a patient.

The topic of this diploma thesis is proposal of building zone with engineering design of the locality „Nad Hřbitovem“ in the village Drnovice. The diploma thesis includes a proposal of 4 variants which are elaborated in detail.The aim of this work is to design urban development according to relevant standards, to ensure safe traffic.

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No description available.