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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

Associação do laser diodo com CPP-ACP/ verniz fluoretado na resistência a desmineralização do esmalte dental / Effect of diode laser associated with CPP-ACP/ fluoride varnish on demineralization of dental enamel

Azevedo, Danielle Torres 07 August 2014 (has links)
O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o efeito da associação do laser de diodo ao CPP-ACP ou verniz fluoretado na resistência a desmineralização do esmalte dentário. Foram utilizados 90 fragmentos de terceiros molares humanos irrompidos, selecionados por microdureza superficial e isolados com resina composta deixando apenas uma área de 4x4mm exposta. Em seguida foram desmineralizados por 32 h e 60 espécimes tiveram metade da área (2x4mm) isolada. Os espécimes foram divididos aleatoriamente em seis grupos/subgrupos, de acordo com os tratamentos propostos: G1-Controle (sem tratamento); G2- CPP-ACP, G3-verniz fluoretado Duraphat®; A - sem laser, B- tratamento com laser de diodo (0,7W, 70mJ, 10Hz). Na sequência foi realizado ciclo de pH para indução de desmineralização por oito dias. A solução desmineralizante de cada espécime foi armazenada para análise do cálcio por espectrometria de absorção atômica (n=10). Os espécimes foram seccionados ao meio, uma das metades foi analisada por microdureza longitudinal (n=10) e a outra por rugosidade (n=10) e morfologia superficial (n=10). Para a análise por Tomografia de Coerência Óptica (OCT) foi empregado n=5 por grupo/subgrupo e realizou-se a OCT em 2 fases, sendo a primeira após a desmineralização por 32h e a segunda após os tratamento/ciclagem de pH. Para a microdureza empregou-se a variação percentual da dureza, para a espectrometria de absorção atômica empregou-se a quantidade total de cálcio perdido, para a rugosidade superficial e OCT empregou-se a diferença entre os valores da desmineralização inicial e os valores obtidos após a ciclagem. Os dados foram analisados pelo método não paramétrico de Kruskal-Wallis e o teste de Dunn para diferenciação das médias (&prop;= 5%). Pode-se observar que ocorreu maior perda de dureza, de cálcio e maior profundidade de desmineralização nos grupos controle quando comparados com os grupos que receberam os tratamentos (G1A&asymp;G1B e &ne; G2A&asymp;G2B&asymp;G3A&asymp;G3B) sendo estatisticamente diferente (p<0,05). Maior rugosidade foi encontrada nos grupos G1A, G1B e G3A e foi estatisticamente significante (p<0,05). O fator laser não influenciou nas propriedades analisadas. Na microscopia confocal a laser não foram observadas áreas de fusão ou qualquer alteração na estrutura do esmalte irradiado. Pode-se concluir que o laser associado à CPP-ACP ou verniz fluoretado não foi capaz de aumentar a resistência ácida do esmalte submetido a ciclos de pH. Os tratamentos, MI Paste e verniz fluoretado foram eficazes independente da utilização do laser. / The aim of this study was to assess the effect of diode laser in combination with CPP-ACP/ fluoride varnish on enamel resistance to demineralization. Ninety fragments of unerupted human 3rd molar teeth were selected according to superficial microhardness and covered with compound resin, with only a 4x4mm area left exposed. They were then demineralized for 32 hours and 60 specimens had their exposed area halved. The specimens were randomly divided into 6 groups/subgroups, in line with the proposed treatments: G1-Control (no treatment); G2- MI Paste®, G3- fluoride varnish Duraphat® 5%; A - no laser, B- treatment with diode laser (0.7W, 70mJ, 10Hz). Afterwards, an 8-day pH cycle was carried out to induce demineralization. The demineralizing solution for each specimen was stored for the purpose of atomic absorption spectometry for the determination of calcium (n=10). The specimens were cut in half. The first half was analyzed using the criterium of longitudinal microhardnesss (n=10), the second the criterium of roughness (n=10) and superficial morphology (n=10). Optical coherence tomography (OCT) was used to assess group/subgroup for n=5. OCT was carried out at 2 moments, after a 32-hour demineralization period and post pH treatment/cycling. For microhardness we used percent change in hardness, for atomic absorption spectrometry the total amount of calcium lost, for superficial hardness and OCT the difference between the figures seen after initial demineralization and those obtained post cycling. The data were analyzed using the nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis Multiple-Comparison Z-Value Test and the Dunn test for distinguishing mean values (&prop;= 5%). Greater loss of hardness, greater loss of calcium, and deeper demineralization were seen in the control groups, when compared to those groups that underwent treatment (G1A&asymp;G1B and &ne; G2A&asymp;G2B&asymp;G3A&asymp;G3B). Greater roughness was found in groups G1A, G1B, and G3A, and it was statistically significant (p<0.05). Overall, laser use did not exert influence upon the analyzed properties. Confocal laser scanning microscopy did not reveal areas of fusion or any alteration in the structure of irradiated enamel. One can conclude that associating laser to CPP-ACP or fluoride varnish did not increase enamel resistance to acid when it underwent pH cycles. The treatments, MI Paste, and fluoride varnish were effective, regardless of the use of laser.
12

La France, la Communauté économique européenne et l’Afrique subsaharienne, de la Convention de Yaoundé (juillet 1963) à la Convention de Lomé 1 (février 1975) / France, the European Economic Community and sub-Saharan Africa, the Agreement of Yaounde (in July, 1963) in the Agreement of Lomé 1 (in February, 1975)

Ali Farah, Omar 30 June 2014 (has links)
La France a obtenu de ses partenaires l’inclusion des territoires d’outre-mer dans le traité de Rome instituant la CEE. L’objectif était, en période de décolonisation, de maintenir des liens entre les métropoles et les anciennes colonies dans un contexte nouveau. Entre 1958 et 1963, les Six expérimentent un système d’association avec les pays tiers, en particulier les états africains et malgache associés (EAMA) qui permet de maintenir des liens économiques particuliers avec ces états souverains, sous couvert d’une aide au développement. La Convention de Yaoundé de juillet 1963 marque la volonté des Six d’institutionnaliser et de coordonner leurs relations avec les pays tiers africains et malgache et jette les bases d’une politique de coopération, consolidée par des renouvellements de cette Convention. Celles-ci furent basées au niveau commercial, sur des préférences tarifaires et contingentaires réciproques et une assistance financière et technique. Aux termes d’une décennie d’association, le bilan du soutien au développement fut très maigre. Excepté la coopération dans le domaine de l’enseignement et de la formation où il y a eu une hausse de la scolarisation dans la plupart des EAMA, les résultats au niveau économique furent dérisoires : les préférences dont ils bénéficièrent se réduisirent progressivement à peu de chose, ils restèrent encore très dépendants et fortement endettés. Leur économie était toujours basée sur l’exportation des produits tropicaux et l’extraction des minerais et les termes de l’échange très déséquilibrés. / France has obtained from its partners the inclusion of the overseas territories in the Treaty of Rome which established the EEC. The goal was to maintain relations between the mainlands and the former colonies in a new context during the decolonisation.Between 1958 and 1963, the Six experienced a partnership system with third countries, particularly the African and Malgach Associated States (AMAS) which allowed to maintain particular economic ties with these sovereign states on behalf of development aid. The July 1963 Convention of Yaounde marked the will of the Six to institutionalise and coordinate their relations with African and Malgache third countries and laying the foundations of cooperation policy, consolidated by the renewal of this convention. On the commercial level, These agreements were based on mutual preferencial tariffs and quotas and financial and technical assistance.At the end of a decade of association, the development aid assessement was very poor, except for the field of education and training where an increase in schooling was witnessed in most of the AMAS, but in terms of economy, results were insignificant: the preferences they benefited from gradually decreased into little, They still remained very dependent and heavily indebted. Their economy was still based on the export of tropical products and mining and the very unbalanced terms of trade.
13

Aplicação de metodologias do CADD (Computer-Aided Drug Design) a um conjunto de pirrolidina carboxamidas: mapeamento do farmacóforo e planejamento de novos protótipos tuberculostáticos potenciais / Computer-Aided drug design methodologies applied to a set of pyrrolidine carboxamides: pharmacophore mapping and planning of new prototypes potential tuberculostatic

Silva, Bárbara Athayde Vaz Galvão da 07 March 2012 (has links)
A situação da tuberculose (TB) foi alterada de forma significativa pela síndrome de imunodeficiência adquirida (SIDA ou AIDS) e pelo aparecimento de novas cepas do Mycobacterium tuberculosis resistentes ao tratamento quimioterápico, que justificariam a pesquisa de novos agentes antimicobacterianos. Alvos interessantes têm emergido para o planejamento racional de novos fármacos contra a TB, particularmente, considerando processos metabólicos específicos que ocorrem durante a biossíntese da parede celular micobacteriana e que envolvem a síntese de ácidos graxos (FAS-II, fatty acid synthase). O sistema FAS-II constitui diferença bioquímica importante entre mamíferos e micobatérias. A enzima enoil-acp (acyl carrier protein, proteína acil-carregadora) redutase (ENR) é alvo determinante no sistema FAS-II, responsável pela etapa de alongamento dos ácidos micólicos, que são os principais componentes da parede celular do M. tuberculosis. O presente projeto tem como objetivo a aplicação de metodologias do planejamento de fármacos auxiliado por computador, CADD (Computer-Aided Drug Design), em um conjunto de derivados pirrolidina carboxamidas descritos como inibidores potenciais da ENR do M. tuberculosis (InhA) com intuito de mapear o farmacóforo, investigar a orientação dos ligantes no sítio ativo e os tipos de interações que se estabelecem com os resíduos de aminoácidos do sítio de interação. Inicialmente, investigaram-se as relações quantitativas entre estrutura química e atividade biológica (QSAR, quantitative structure-activity relationships) com aplicação de abordagem multivariada. O melhor modelo QSAR indicou que propriedades estruturais, termodinâmicas e eletrônicas devem ser consideradas no processo de planejamento e proposição de novos protótipos potencialmente tuberculostáticos. / The incidence of tuberculosis (TB) disease has significantly changed considering the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) co-infection as well as the emergence of new Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains resistant to the currently chemotherapy. These facts support the search for novel antimycobacterial agents. Interesting targets have been elucidated and could be used for the rational design of new drugs against TB, primarily those related to specific biochemical metabolic pathways that occur during the cell wall biosynthesis, specially involved in the fatty acid synthase (FAS) system. The FAS-II system is an important biochemical difference between mammals and mycobacteria. The enoyl-ACP reductase (ENR) is the key enzyme in the FAS-II system, responsible for the elongation step of mycolic acids, which are the major components in the M. tuberculosis cell wall. This research project aims the application of computer-aided drug design (CADD) methodologies to a set of pyrrolidine carboxamide derivatives, which were previously reported as potential M. tuberculosis ENR (InhA) inhibitors, for mapping the pharmacophore, investigating the ligands\' orientation at the active site and also the interaction types regarding the amino acid residues in the active site. Initially, the quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSAR) were performed applying a multivariate approach. The best QSAR model indicated the structural, thermodynamic, and electronic properties must be taken into account in the design of novel leads as potential antituberculosis agents.
14

ACP e LOTOS: um estudo comparativo baseado em conceitos de BPEL e padrões de controle de fluxo / ACP and LOTOS: a comparative study based on BPEL concepts and control-flow patterns

Takecian, Pedro Losco 03 June 2008 (has links)
Recentemente, várias abordagens estão sendo propostas na área de modelagem de processos de negócio. Dentre elas estão as linguagens BPEL e NPDL. BPEL é uma linguagem de representação e execução de processos de negócio que se mostrou bastante expressiva e uma forte candidata a padrão de mercado. NPDL é uma linguagem de definição de processos de negócio baseada em uma extensão de álgebra de processos chamada ACP. NPDL possui uma ferramenta capaz de interpretar e controlar a execução de processos de negócio chamada de NavigationPlanTool. A tradução de processos BPEL para expressões NPDL tem como objetivo fornecer aos processos descritos em BPEL um ambiente de controle e execução baseado em um formalismo algébrico. Entretanto, isso não é uma tarefa fácil. A presença de conceitos em BPEL que não são mapeáveis para NPDL faz com que grande parte da expressividade de BPEL se perca na tradução. Essa perda se dá pela limitação da própria ACP, na qual NPDL se baseia. Para sanar essa dificuldade, surgiu a idéia de estender ou trocar a base algébrica da NPDL. Substituindo a ACP por outro arcabouço algébrico ou incorporando idéias de outras álgebras, seria possível tornar a NPDL mais próxima de BPEL, facilitando, assim, o trabalho de mapeamento. Dentre os arcabouços formais disponíveis, LOTOS tem se mostrado uma interessante alternativa à ACP como base para a NPDL. Para comprovar os benefícios da utilização de conceitos de LOTOS na NPDL ou, até mesmo, de uma troca da base algébrica da NPDL de ACP para LOTOS, este trabalho faz um estudo comparativo entre esses dois formalismos algébricos, buscando encontrar a álgebra com maior expressividade e que represente melhor os conceitos presentes em BPEL. Para essa comparação, serão utilizados os principais conceitos existentes na linguagem BPEL, bem como os Padrões de Controle de Fluxo de Workflow. Não pertence ao escopo deste trabalho a implementação da NPDL usando LOTOS como base formal. / Recently, several approaches are being proposed in the business process modeling area. Among them are BPEL and NPDL languages. BPEL is a business process representation and execution language that has showed itself to be very expressive and a strong candidate to market reference. NPDL is a business process definition language based on a process algebra extension called ACP. NPDL has a tool called NavigationPlanTool that is able to interpret and control the business processes execution. The translation from BPEL processes to NPDL expressions aims to provide to BPEL processes a control and execution environment based on an algebraic foundation. However, this is not an easy task. Due to the translation, the presence of BPEL concepts that can´t be mapped to NPDL results in a heavy BPEL expressiveness loss. This loss occurs by the limitation of ACP, in which NPDL is based on. To solve this problem, the idea of extending or replacing the NPDL algebraic base has appeared. Replacing ACP with other algebraic framework or incorporating ideas from other algebras, could make NPDL closer to BPEL, turning the mapping work easier. Among the formal frameworks available, LOTOS has showed itself an interesting alternative to ACP as an NPDL basis. To prove the benefits of using LOTOS concepts in NPDL, or even exchanging the NPDL algebraic base from ACP to LOTOS, this work presents a comparative study between these two algebraic foundations, trying to find the most expressive algebra and the one that best represents the BPEL concepts. For this comparison, the BPEL main concepts and the Workflow Control-Flow Patterns will be used. The NPDL implementation using LOTOS as formal foundation is out of the scope of this work.
15

Associação do laser diodo com CPP-ACP/ verniz fluoretado na resistência a desmineralização do esmalte dental / Effect of diode laser associated with CPP-ACP/ fluoride varnish on demineralization of dental enamel

Danielle Torres Azevedo 07 August 2014 (has links)
O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o efeito da associação do laser de diodo ao CPP-ACP ou verniz fluoretado na resistência a desmineralização do esmalte dentário. Foram utilizados 90 fragmentos de terceiros molares humanos irrompidos, selecionados por microdureza superficial e isolados com resina composta deixando apenas uma área de 4x4mm exposta. Em seguida foram desmineralizados por 32 h e 60 espécimes tiveram metade da área (2x4mm) isolada. Os espécimes foram divididos aleatoriamente em seis grupos/subgrupos, de acordo com os tratamentos propostos: G1-Controle (sem tratamento); G2- CPP-ACP, G3-verniz fluoretado Duraphat®; A - sem laser, B- tratamento com laser de diodo (0,7W, 70mJ, 10Hz). Na sequência foi realizado ciclo de pH para indução de desmineralização por oito dias. A solução desmineralizante de cada espécime foi armazenada para análise do cálcio por espectrometria de absorção atômica (n=10). Os espécimes foram seccionados ao meio, uma das metades foi analisada por microdureza longitudinal (n=10) e a outra por rugosidade (n=10) e morfologia superficial (n=10). Para a análise por Tomografia de Coerência Óptica (OCT) foi empregado n=5 por grupo/subgrupo e realizou-se a OCT em 2 fases, sendo a primeira após a desmineralização por 32h e a segunda após os tratamento/ciclagem de pH. Para a microdureza empregou-se a variação percentual da dureza, para a espectrometria de absorção atômica empregou-se a quantidade total de cálcio perdido, para a rugosidade superficial e OCT empregou-se a diferença entre os valores da desmineralização inicial e os valores obtidos após a ciclagem. Os dados foram analisados pelo método não paramétrico de Kruskal-Wallis e o teste de Dunn para diferenciação das médias (&prop;= 5%). Pode-se observar que ocorreu maior perda de dureza, de cálcio e maior profundidade de desmineralização nos grupos controle quando comparados com os grupos que receberam os tratamentos (G1A&asymp;G1B e &ne; G2A&asymp;G2B&asymp;G3A&asymp;G3B) sendo estatisticamente diferente (p<0,05). Maior rugosidade foi encontrada nos grupos G1A, G1B e G3A e foi estatisticamente significante (p<0,05). O fator laser não influenciou nas propriedades analisadas. Na microscopia confocal a laser não foram observadas áreas de fusão ou qualquer alteração na estrutura do esmalte irradiado. Pode-se concluir que o laser associado à CPP-ACP ou verniz fluoretado não foi capaz de aumentar a resistência ácida do esmalte submetido a ciclos de pH. Os tratamentos, MI Paste e verniz fluoretado foram eficazes independente da utilização do laser. / The aim of this study was to assess the effect of diode laser in combination with CPP-ACP/ fluoride varnish on enamel resistance to demineralization. Ninety fragments of unerupted human 3rd molar teeth were selected according to superficial microhardness and covered with compound resin, with only a 4x4mm area left exposed. They were then demineralized for 32 hours and 60 specimens had their exposed area halved. The specimens were randomly divided into 6 groups/subgroups, in line with the proposed treatments: G1-Control (no treatment); G2- MI Paste®, G3- fluoride varnish Duraphat® 5%; A - no laser, B- treatment with diode laser (0.7W, 70mJ, 10Hz). Afterwards, an 8-day pH cycle was carried out to induce demineralization. The demineralizing solution for each specimen was stored for the purpose of atomic absorption spectometry for the determination of calcium (n=10). The specimens were cut in half. The first half was analyzed using the criterium of longitudinal microhardnesss (n=10), the second the criterium of roughness (n=10) and superficial morphology (n=10). Optical coherence tomography (OCT) was used to assess group/subgroup for n=5. OCT was carried out at 2 moments, after a 32-hour demineralization period and post pH treatment/cycling. For microhardness we used percent change in hardness, for atomic absorption spectrometry the total amount of calcium lost, for superficial hardness and OCT the difference between the figures seen after initial demineralization and those obtained post cycling. The data were analyzed using the nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis Multiple-Comparison Z-Value Test and the Dunn test for distinguishing mean values (&prop;= 5%). Greater loss of hardness, greater loss of calcium, and deeper demineralization were seen in the control groups, when compared to those groups that underwent treatment (G1A&asymp;G1B and &ne; G2A&asymp;G2B&asymp;G3A&asymp;G3B). Greater roughness was found in groups G1A, G1B, and G3A, and it was statistically significant (p<0.05). Overall, laser use did not exert influence upon the analyzed properties. Confocal laser scanning microscopy did not reveal areas of fusion or any alteration in the structure of irradiated enamel. One can conclude that associating laser to CPP-ACP or fluoride varnish did not increase enamel resistance to acid when it underwent pH cycles. The treatments, MI Paste, and fluoride varnish were effective, regardless of the use of laser.
16

Diagnostic de fonctionnement par analyse en composantes principales : application à une station de traitement des eaux usées

Tharrault, Yvon 11 December 2008 (has links) (PDF)
L'objectif de cette thèse était de valider l'ensemble des informations délivrées par les capteurs utiles à la commande d'une station de traitement des eaux usées. Pour cela, nous avons utilisé l'analyse en composantes principales (ACP) pour effectuer la détection et localisation de défauts de capteurs de la station de traitement des eaux usées. Afin de construire un modèle ACP, nous avons eu recours à une matrice de données constituée de l'ensemble des mesures disponibles (obtenues lors du fonctionnement normal de la station de traitement des eaux usées) dans l'installation. Cependant, afin d'appliquer l'ACP, nous avons rencontré plusieurs difficultés :<br /><br />1. Présence dans les données de valeurs aberrantes (valeurs obtenues durant des périodes de démarrage, d'arrêt, de fonctionnement dégradé, erreurs de mesure, ...) perturbant la construction d'un modèle ACP.<br />2. Présence de défauts multiples, ce qui entraîne une explosion combinatoire des scénarii de défauts à considérer.<br /><br />Afin de résoudre le premier point, nous nous sommes intéressé aux variantes robustes de l'ACP. L'estimateur robuste MCD (Minimum Covariance Determinant), méthode de référence pour ses performances, nécessite un temps de calcul important, et une connaissance a priori de la quantité de valeurs aberrantes présente dans les données (inconnue). C'est la raison pour laquelle nous avons proposé une nouvelle méthode robuste, basée sur l'utilisation de MM-estimateur, nommée MMRPCA (MM-estimator Robust Principal Component Analysis). Concernant le point 2, une méthode d'analyse du modèle en terme de capacité de détection et de localisation a été appliquée afin de réduire le nombre de défauts à considérer. Les différentes méthodes développées ont été menées avec succès afin de valider les mesures issues des différents capteurs de la station d'épuration des eaux usées.
17

ACP e LOTOS: um estudo comparativo baseado em conceitos de BPEL e padrões de controle de fluxo / ACP and LOTOS: a comparative study based on BPEL concepts and control-flow patterns

Pedro Losco Takecian 03 June 2008 (has links)
Recentemente, várias abordagens estão sendo propostas na área de modelagem de processos de negócio. Dentre elas estão as linguagens BPEL e NPDL. BPEL é uma linguagem de representação e execução de processos de negócio que se mostrou bastante expressiva e uma forte candidata a padrão de mercado. NPDL é uma linguagem de definição de processos de negócio baseada em uma extensão de álgebra de processos chamada ACP. NPDL possui uma ferramenta capaz de interpretar e controlar a execução de processos de negócio chamada de NavigationPlanTool. A tradução de processos BPEL para expressões NPDL tem como objetivo fornecer aos processos descritos em BPEL um ambiente de controle e execução baseado em um formalismo algébrico. Entretanto, isso não é uma tarefa fácil. A presença de conceitos em BPEL que não são mapeáveis para NPDL faz com que grande parte da expressividade de BPEL se perca na tradução. Essa perda se dá pela limitação da própria ACP, na qual NPDL se baseia. Para sanar essa dificuldade, surgiu a idéia de estender ou trocar a base algébrica da NPDL. Substituindo a ACP por outro arcabouço algébrico ou incorporando idéias de outras álgebras, seria possível tornar a NPDL mais próxima de BPEL, facilitando, assim, o trabalho de mapeamento. Dentre os arcabouços formais disponíveis, LOTOS tem se mostrado uma interessante alternativa à ACP como base para a NPDL. Para comprovar os benefícios da utilização de conceitos de LOTOS na NPDL ou, até mesmo, de uma troca da base algébrica da NPDL de ACP para LOTOS, este trabalho faz um estudo comparativo entre esses dois formalismos algébricos, buscando encontrar a álgebra com maior expressividade e que represente melhor os conceitos presentes em BPEL. Para essa comparação, serão utilizados os principais conceitos existentes na linguagem BPEL, bem como os Padrões de Controle de Fluxo de Workflow. Não pertence ao escopo deste trabalho a implementação da NPDL usando LOTOS como base formal. / Recently, several approaches are being proposed in the business process modeling area. Among them are BPEL and NPDL languages. BPEL is a business process representation and execution language that has showed itself to be very expressive and a strong candidate to market reference. NPDL is a business process definition language based on a process algebra extension called ACP. NPDL has a tool called NavigationPlanTool that is able to interpret and control the business processes execution. The translation from BPEL processes to NPDL expressions aims to provide to BPEL processes a control and execution environment based on an algebraic foundation. However, this is not an easy task. Due to the translation, the presence of BPEL concepts that can´t be mapped to NPDL results in a heavy BPEL expressiveness loss. This loss occurs by the limitation of ACP, in which NPDL is based on. To solve this problem, the idea of extending or replacing the NPDL algebraic base has appeared. Replacing ACP with other algebraic framework or incorporating ideas from other algebras, could make NPDL closer to BPEL, turning the mapping work easier. Among the formal frameworks available, LOTOS has showed itself an interesting alternative to ACP as an NPDL basis. To prove the benefits of using LOTOS concepts in NPDL, or even exchanging the NPDL algebraic base from ACP to LOTOS, this work presents a comparative study between these two algebraic foundations, trying to find the most expressive algebra and the one that best represents the BPEL concepts. For this comparison, the BPEL main concepts and the Workflow Control-Flow Patterns will be used. The NPDL implementation using LOTOS as formal foundation is out of the scope of this work.
18

Aplicação de metodologias do CADD (Computer-Aided Drug Design) a um conjunto de pirrolidina carboxamidas: mapeamento do farmacóforo e planejamento de novos protótipos tuberculostáticos potenciais / Computer-Aided drug design methodologies applied to a set of pyrrolidine carboxamides: pharmacophore mapping and planning of new prototypes potential tuberculostatic

Bárbara Athayde Vaz Galvão da Silva 07 March 2012 (has links)
A situação da tuberculose (TB) foi alterada de forma significativa pela síndrome de imunodeficiência adquirida (SIDA ou AIDS) e pelo aparecimento de novas cepas do Mycobacterium tuberculosis resistentes ao tratamento quimioterápico, que justificariam a pesquisa de novos agentes antimicobacterianos. Alvos interessantes têm emergido para o planejamento racional de novos fármacos contra a TB, particularmente, considerando processos metabólicos específicos que ocorrem durante a biossíntese da parede celular micobacteriana e que envolvem a síntese de ácidos graxos (FAS-II, fatty acid synthase). O sistema FAS-II constitui diferença bioquímica importante entre mamíferos e micobatérias. A enzima enoil-acp (acyl carrier protein, proteína acil-carregadora) redutase (ENR) é alvo determinante no sistema FAS-II, responsável pela etapa de alongamento dos ácidos micólicos, que são os principais componentes da parede celular do M. tuberculosis. O presente projeto tem como objetivo a aplicação de metodologias do planejamento de fármacos auxiliado por computador, CADD (Computer-Aided Drug Design), em um conjunto de derivados pirrolidina carboxamidas descritos como inibidores potenciais da ENR do M. tuberculosis (InhA) com intuito de mapear o farmacóforo, investigar a orientação dos ligantes no sítio ativo e os tipos de interações que se estabelecem com os resíduos de aminoácidos do sítio de interação. Inicialmente, investigaram-se as relações quantitativas entre estrutura química e atividade biológica (QSAR, quantitative structure-activity relationships) com aplicação de abordagem multivariada. O melhor modelo QSAR indicou que propriedades estruturais, termodinâmicas e eletrônicas devem ser consideradas no processo de planejamento e proposição de novos protótipos potencialmente tuberculostáticos. / The incidence of tuberculosis (TB) disease has significantly changed considering the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) co-infection as well as the emergence of new Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains resistant to the currently chemotherapy. These facts support the search for novel antimycobacterial agents. Interesting targets have been elucidated and could be used for the rational design of new drugs against TB, primarily those related to specific biochemical metabolic pathways that occur during the cell wall biosynthesis, specially involved in the fatty acid synthase (FAS) system. The FAS-II system is an important biochemical difference between mammals and mycobacteria. The enoyl-ACP reductase (ENR) is the key enzyme in the FAS-II system, responsible for the elongation step of mycolic acids, which are the major components in the M. tuberculosis cell wall. This research project aims the application of computer-aided drug design (CADD) methodologies to a set of pyrrolidine carboxamide derivatives, which were previously reported as potential M. tuberculosis ENR (InhA) inhibitors, for mapping the pharmacophore, investigating the ligands\' orientation at the active site and also the interaction types regarding the amino acid residues in the active site. Initially, the quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSAR) were performed applying a multivariate approach. The best QSAR model indicated the structural, thermodynamic, and electronic properties must be taken into account in the design of novel leads as potential antituberculosis agents.
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Implementace protokolu ACP do operačního systému L4 / Implementation of the ACP protocol into L4 operating system

Kolarík, Tomáš January 2012 (has links)
This thesis deals with the implementation of ACP protocol which serves to manage the access for operation system based on L4 microkernel. The theoretical part of the thesis deals with methods of access management in computer networks. It focuses primarily on AAA systems which make access management possible. Furthermore it describes in detail the ACP protocol, the types of messages and their feedback. The next theoretical part is dedicated to operation systems and in particular to their architecture and services. Then we get a closer look at L4 microkernel family, their philosophy and properties. We continue with a detailed description of the L4 application interface and its ways of expansion. The practical section deals with the implemented concept of system for ACP protocol support in computers. General concept is then applied in real implementation of ACP protocol into the L4 operation system environment based on the L4 platform. To assist, I also included a detailed tutorial explaining the modeling and compilation of software for this platform. At this point we describe the methods used at the implementation and the description of particular modules and features. The end of the thesis concludes the information about the ways of testing and the implementation properties.
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The perceptions and experiences of white special education teachers certified through an ACP program at a HBCU

Budd, Eric Eugene 30 September 2010 (has links)
This research study explored and analyzed the perception and attitudes of first year White special education teachers’ experiences as they successfully matriculated through an alternative teacher certification program with a concentration in Special Education. The certifying entity for this teacher preparation program was a historically Black university (HBCU). It was the intent of this study to gather data on how White first year special education teachers view multiculturalism and diversity. This studied explored the rationale for why White pre-service teachers would select a HBCU to prepare them to enter the teaching field. This was a qualitative study using a naturalistic inquiry approach to learn about the perception of the participants. There were five participants selected to participant in this study. A set of guiding questions were used in order to maintain a focus, provide structure and give consistency to the interview process. The participants all were teaching in special education classrooms in large urban school districts. The classrooms they taught in were culturally and linguistically diverse. The data collection methods used included interviews, small group discussions and surveys. These interactions were audio taped then transcribed. The transcriptions were then reviewed by the participants to incorporate a member checking mechanism for the study. All five of the participants believed they benefitted from receiving their teaching certification from the HBCU. Their goal was to work in an urban setting and they agreed the certification program they attended helped them to become aware of the importance of celebrating diversity in their classes. All of the participants described an awakening to the challenges faced by students from low socio-economic, culturally and linguistically diverse students. Along with this epiphany the participants discussed the need to close the cultural gap between themselves and the students they teach. They all realized the importance of closing the gap in order to build mutual trust in their classrooms. The implications for future research include a broader study of the strategies used by White teachers to connect with culturally and linguistically diverse students in their classrooms. / text

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