Submitted by Elba Lopes (elba.lopes@fecap.br) on 2016-03-15T18:38:28Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Joao_Burke.pdf: 1956451 bytes, checksum: adadb62fea074a2e87b02a52a5f2328a (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T18:38:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Joao_Burke.pdf: 1956451 bytes, checksum: adadb62fea074a2e87b02a52a5f2328a (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-18 / The purpose of this thesis is to study the perception and the mitigation of diversifiable risks by angelinvestors in their investments in startups. Such theme is relevant in the entrepreneurship context in Brazil, and in the theoretical body of knowledge on Entrepreneurship and Corporate Finances. Angel investment is growing in Brazil, although only a few studies about risks in such context are found. In order to reach such goals, this thesis presents a chart of risks and relevant mitigation procedures, and proposes relevant classification in accordance with the angel investment phases and prominent risk dominion, as well as an exploratory study with three experienced Brazilian angels, following a semi-structured script whose empirical findings are framed into the relevant theories. Adopted data analysis technique is content analysis.In terms of results, based on fragments extracted from the interviews, angels are mostly concerned with operational risks, followed by market, financial and technological ones. In what refers to the 38 mechanisms of risk mitigation gathered in this thesis, answers point the majority of risk mitigation strategies organized in this thesis isreflected in the experience of the interviewed angels, since 26 mitigation mechanisms are endorsed by three or two of the interviewed angels. Additionally, another 10 mitigation mechanisms out of the 38 are endorsed by one of the interviewed angels; only two out of the mentioned 38 mitigation mechanisms are not adopted by any of the interviewed angels. / O objetivo desse trabalho ?? estudar a percep????o e a mitiga????o de riscos diversific??veis por investidores-anjos em seus investimentos em startups. Tal tem??tica tem relev??ncia no contexto do empreendedorismo no Brasil e no corpo te??rico sobre o empreendedorismo e finan??as. O volume de investimentos de tal natureza cresce no Brasil e, n??o obstante, h?? poucos estudos que versam sobre riscos neste contexto. Visando a atingir tais objetivos, realiza-se quadro resumo de riscos e 38 mecanismos correspondentes de mitiga????o apontados pela literatura, com proposta de classifica????o conforme fases do investimento-anjo e dom??nio de risco preponderante, bem como se efetua estudo explorat??rio com tr??s investidores-anjos brasileiros experientes, seguindo roteiro semiestruturado,cujos dados emp??ricos s??o cruzados com as teorias pertinentes. A t??cnica de an??lise de dados utilizada ?? a an??lise de conte??do. No que se refere aos resultados obtidos, conclui-se que fragmentos dos discursos dos entrevistados revelaram preocupa????es mais frequentemente relacionada aos riscos do dom??nio operacional, seguidos de riscos de mercado, financeiros e tecnol??gicos. No que tange aos 38 mecanismos de mitiga????o agrupados no presente trabalho, as respostas dos anjos apontam que a maioria das estrat??gias de mitiga????o colacionadas neste trabalho ?? corroboradapela pr??ticados anjos entrevistados, pois 26estrat??gias s??o endossadas por tr??s ou dois dos entrevistados. Complementarmente, 10 das 38 formas de mitiga????o s??o endossadas por um dos anjos entrevistados; apenas duas das 38 formas de mitiga????o n??o encontram apelo junto aos entrevistados.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-03T18:33:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Francisco_de_Assis_Oliveira.pdf: 466999 bytes, checksum: 7ee5c2aeb06ab684b567e72f798f59e6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2003-04-15 / This thesis is intended to address the standards for Credit Granting and all the constraints involved and also to assess associated policies, contracts and lines of credit. An assessment of the risks to which a lender is exposed in his relationship with clients is called Credit Analysis. Lines of credit are mostly based on asset translation. It is then required to develop a case-study for a company's businesses focusing on a thorough analysis of its modus operandi. In a certain way, Credit Granting is a means to leverage sales mainly from the acquisition of non-durable goods in the retail market. Consumption increases are a drive to heat up Economy and bring about new job positions with benefits to the Society as a whole coming from more taxes collected that are converted into promoting more social welfare. It should be pointed out that the financial sector is one that mostly benefits from Credit Granting because of the high interest rates applied in credit operations to individual persons and bank individual clients based on their wages and to corporations based on their sales volume. For corporations, lines of credit help them increase their capacity to pay up their debts and are an integral part of their business guidelines. Credit granting shall then be the focus of this work and all associated market details shall also be addressed in this paper. This thesis aimed to identify the Credit Analysis process and how important it is for companies' negotiations. A case-study methodology was used in the survey to achieve the results shown herein. / Esta disserta????o tem como objetivo abordar as normas de concess??o de cr??dito, bem como, suas dificuldades em conced??-los, analisa ainda suas pol??ticas, contratos e linhas de cr??dito. An??lise de Cr??dito ?? uma avalia????o de risco em que o emprestador deseja assumir no relacionamento com seu cliente. Os cr??ditos s??o em grande parte baseados na convers??o de ativos. Avaliar criticamente o modus operandi da empresa pesquisada atrav??s do estudo de caso. A concess??o de cr??dito, de certa forma, ?? um meio de se alavancar as vendas; principalmente na aquisi????o de bens dur??veis no mercado varejista, com um maior n??mero de pessoas haver?? conseq??entemente um elevado consumo, fazendo com que haja um aquecimento da economia como a aquisi????o de novos empregos, beneficiando a sociedade e ao governo que arrecadar?? mais impostos para revert??-los em bem estar social para a popula????o. H?? de ressaltar-se tamb??m que o grande beneficiado na concess??o de cr??dito ?? o setor financeiro, no qual os juros s??o muito altos e suas opera????es diferenciadas por faixas salariais; no caso das pessoas f??sicas, de seus correntistas e do faturamento das empresas, para as pessoas jur??dicas. Para as empresas, cr??dito significa ter capacidade de pagamento de seus deveres, e a capta????o desse cr??dito, faz parte de algumas diretrizes empresariais internas. Desta forma, a concess??o do cr??dito para empresas de com??rcio de cal??ados ser?? o foco deste trabalho, que analisar?? como se d?? a concess??o do cr??dito e seus detalhes dentro do enfoque de mercado. Este estudo objetivou identificar o processo de an??lise de cr??dito e a sua import??ncia na negocia????o da organiza????o. A metodologia de pesquisa utilizada para alcan??ar este objetivo foi o estudo de caso.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-03T18:35:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Edison_Roseno.pdf: 1302523 bytes, checksum: 3c2d7aac5ffdf47d7543adf1db7fb874 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-05-30 / Accounting in Brazil has undergone profound changes with the recent adaptation to international standards and because of the constant process of computerization of accounting and tax imposed by tax legislation, arises in this context called the \"SPED\", Public Digital Bookkeeping System, created by the Federal Government in 2007, to replace manual bookkeeping paper to digital. Once put into operation the system, companies subject to the delivery of these bonds will provide information via digital files to government oversight (City, State and Federal). With the implementation of these projects, companies will experience significant impacts in their practices Internal Control and Risk Management. Against this backdrop, this study aimed to: \"Check in the perception of the interviewees, to what extent were affected practices Internal Controls and Risk Management of three companies participating in the Pilot Project of the Internal Revenue Service in the implementation of SPED Accounting.\" To achieve this qualitative study was undertaken of documentary and bibliographic character. Data were obtained from the three professional companies that participated in the pilot project, collected using an interview script, with analysis of the results assessed by the technique of content analysis. It was found that the main impacts on the deployment layout Accounting SPED were the adaptation of integrated systems and the transition of the Chart of Accounts of the Company with the Chart of Accounts Reference imposed by the government due to the large volume of information generated in the systems. The survey found that companies practiced a policy of internal controls, in order to monitor and control departmental procedures and measured the risks incurred in the implementation of Accounting SPED. As for risk management, it was found that at the time of project implementation SPED Accounting, had not adopted policies to measure and mitigate the flow of information in the consolidated accounting and tax accounting / A Contabilidade brasileira tem passado por profundas altera????es com a recente adequa????o ??s normas internacionais e devido ao constante processo de informatiza????o dos processos cont??beis e fiscais impostos pela legisla????o tribut??ria. Surge neste contexto o chamado \"SPED\", Sistema P??blico de Escritura????o Digital, criado pelo Governo Federal em 2007, para substituir a escritura????o manual em papel para a digital. Uma vez implatado o sistema, as Empresas sujeitas ?? entrega dessas obriga????es fornecer??o informa????es por meio de arquivos digitais aos ??rg??os governamentais de fiscaliza????o (Municipal, Estadual e Federal). Com a implanta????o desses projetos, as empresas sofrer??o significativos impactos em suas pr??ticas de Controle Interno e Gest??o de Riscos. Diante desse cen??rio, a presente pesquisa teve como objetivo: \"Verificar na percep????o dos sujeitos entrevistados, em que medida foram afetadas as pr??ticas de Controles Internos e Gest??o de Riscos de tr??s empresas participantes do Projeto Piloto da Receita Federal na implanta????o do SPED Cont??bil\". Para atingir este objetivo foi realizada pesquisa qualitativa, de carater documental e bibliogr??fico. Os dados foram obtidos junto a profissionais das tr??s empresas que participaram do projeto piloto, coletados por meio de um roteiro de entrevista, com an??lises dos resultados avaliados pela t??cnica de an??lise de conte??do. Constatou-se que os principais impactos na implanta????o ao layout do SPED Cont??bil foram a adapta????o dos sistemas integrados e a transi????o do Plano de Contas da Empresa com o Plano de Contas Referencial imposto pelo Governo, devido ao grande volume de informa????es geradas nos sistemas. A pesquisa constatou que as empresas praticavam a politica de controles internos, com objetivo de fiscalizar e controlar os procedimentos internos dos departamentos e que mensuravam os riscos ocorridos na implanta????o do SPED Cont??bil. Quanto ?? gest??o de riscos, constatou-se que na ??poca da implanta????o do projeto SPED Cont??bil, n??o havia pol??ticas adotadas para mensurar e mitigar os riscos dos fluxos das informa????es cont??beis e fiscais consolidadas na Contabilidade

Submitted by Elba Lopes (elba.lopes@fecap.br) on 2017-09-20T12:15:55Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Isis de Oliveira Domingues.pdf: 1638983 bytes, checksum: 0df0ba91fb833bf8a1587120c313917e (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-20T12:15:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Isis de Oliveira Domingues.pdf: 1638983 bytes, checksum: 0df0ba91fb833bf8a1587120c313917e (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-07-05 / The changes undergone in the international scenery between the XX and XXI centuries brought challenges to the business environment, turning continuous improvement in risk management tools into a necessity. To adapt, organizations began to implement changes in its administrative and operational structures and, hence, improved their internal control systems. This study aims to identify and analyze the internal control and risk management practices implemented on the Brazilian commercial aviation companies. The commercial aviation industry, in addition to working with small operating margins, deal directly with lives of passengers and their own employees every day, which requires an alignment of internal control practices and risk management within the company culture. It is an empirical research, qualitative and descriptive, supported by bibliographic and documentary research. To achieve that goal interviews have been conducted with managers and representatives of the accounting / financial areas as well as areas involved in operation and maintenance. The results show there is a big diversity between the internal control and risk management procedures when you compare administrative and operating areas, but also between companies. It has been noted that the internal control settings usually used are related with the duties the airline companies have with national and international institutions. / As mudan??as sofridas no cen??rio internacional entre os s??culos XX e XXI trouxeram desafios ao ambiente de neg??cios, tornando necess??rio um aprimoramento cont??nuo das chamadas ferramentas de gest??o de riscos. Para se adaptarem, as organiza????es come??aram a implantar mudan??as em suas estruturas administrativas e operacionais e, consequentemente, adequaram seus sistemas de controles internos. Este trabalho objetiva identificar e analisar as pr??ticas de controle interno e gest??o de riscos implementadas nas empresas de avia????o civil brasileiras. O setor de avi??o civil, al??m de trabalhar com margens operacionais pequenas, lida diretamente com a vida de passageiros e de seus pr??prios colaborados todos os dias, ou seja, sua pr??pria natureza exige um alinhamento de pr??ticas de controle interno e gest??o de riscos dentro da cultura da empresa. Trata-se de uma investiga????o de car??ter emp??rico, qualitativo e descritivo, apoiada por pesquisa bibliogr??fica e documental. Para tanto foram realizadas entrevistas com gestores e representantes das ??reas cont??bil/financeira e tamb??m de ??reas inerentes ?? opera????o e manuten????o. Os resultados apontam que h?? uma grande diversidade entre os processos de controle interno e gest??o de riscos adotados, ao comparar ??reas administrativas e operacionais, e tamb??m de empresa para empresa. Notou-se que os controles internos utilizados est??o ligados ??s regulamenta????es e obrigatoriedades por parte de ??rg??os nacionais e internacionais de avia????o civil.

Submitted by Elba Lopes (elba.lopes@fecap.br) on 2018-03-26T16:30:03Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Marta de Lourdes Ferreira.pdf: 815747 bytes, checksum: 5a3ca6df9a2d575450bc76d1bec0c528 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-26T16:30:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Marta de Lourdes Ferreira.pdf: 815747 bytes, checksum: 5a3ca6df9a2d575450bc76d1bec0c528 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-09-06 / The main objective of this research was to raise and present isomorphism???s evidences in Operational Risk Management (ORM) of Financial Institutions (FIs) operating in Brazil. As specific objectives, to identify convergences and evaluate why they occur. It was made a qualitative and descriptive study of the historical development of ORM in FIs, regulations and similar works. It was carried out content analysis of "Pillar 3" Reports from ten IFs (75% of total assets) that acted in Brazil between 2013 and 2015. It was used descriptive categorizations of situations/events based on the theoretical framework, classified as performance evidence. It was found the presence of 100% of categories from coercive mechanism, 78% from the normative and 70% from the mimetic, proving the simultaneous performance of the mechanisms. The main categories for mechanism and disclosure index were: a) Coercive: related to legal compliance (100%); other risk management beyond the mandatory (89%); Business Continuity Plan (78%), a model of the three defense lines (56%), and prioritization of risks (56%). b) normative: committee responsibilities, executive officers and alike (100%); training in operational risk (78%), and dissemination of the risk culture (67%). c) mimetic: the use of technology in ORM (100%) and in loss databases (78%); the standardization of procedures between headquarters and branches (78%), as well as the use of indicators (78%). As a convergence point, there is a search for improvement of the ORM, and the compliance with requested criteria for approval of internal models to calculate capital requirements. The homogenization of the ORM was due to the legal demands, and its beneficial effects positively change the environment. The public disclosure of principles, the best practices and "Pillar 3" Reports allow other companies to use the main information and implement their own ORM structures. As future researches, we suggest the evolution of operational losses and evidence of the ORM performance; the current development stage of internal models; the profile analysis of people hired in the area, from the perspective of normative isomorphism; the technologies used in the ORM to identify mimetic isomorphism; the categories update of each mechanism, including technology area characteristics and human resources; as well as the research replication for companies subject to specific regulations, such as SOX and capital markets. / O objetivo principal da pesquisa ?? levantar e apresentar evid??ncias do isomorfismo na Gest??o de Riscos Operacionais (GRO) de Institui????es Financeiras (IFs) que operam no Brasil. O objetivo espec??fico ?? identificar pontos de converg??ncia e avaliar porque ocorrem. Realizada pesquisa qualitativa e descritiva da evolu????o hist??rica da GRO em IFs, regulamenta????es e trabalhos semelhantes. Efetuada an??lise de conte??do do Relat??rio ???Pilar 3??? de dez IFs (75% do total de ativos) que atuaram no Brasil entre 2013 e 2015. Utilizadas categoriza????es descritivas de situa????es/eventos conforme referencial te??rico, classific??veis como evid??ncias de atua????o. Constatou-se a presen??a de 100% das categorias do mecanismo coercitivo, 78% do normativo e 70% do mim??tico, comprovando a atua????o simult??nea dos mecanismos. Principais categorias por mecanismo e ??ndices de evidencia????o: a) coercitivo: relacionadas ao atendimento legal (100%); gest??o de outros riscos al??m dos obrigat??rios (89%); Plano de Continuidade de Neg??cios (78%), Modelo das Tr??s Linhas de Defesa (56%) e prioriza????o de riscos (56%). b) normativo: responsabilidades de comit??s, diretores e assemelhados (100%); treinamento em risco operacional (78%) e dissemina????o da cultura de risco (67%). c) mim??tico: uso de tecnologias na GRO (100%) e em bancos de dados de perdas (78%); padroniza????o de procedimentos entre matriz e filiais (78%) e o uso de indicadores (78%). Como ponto de converg??ncia, v??-se a busca pelo aperfei??oamento da GRO e o atendimento aos requisitos necess??rios para aprova????o de modelos internos para c??lculo de requerimentos de capital. A homogeneiza????o da GRO ocorreu em fun????o das demandas legais e seus efeitos ben??ficos alteram positivamente o ambiente. A divulga????o p??blica de princ??pios, melhores pr??ticas e relat??rios ???Pilar 3??? permite que outras organiza????es usem as informa????es como base e implantem suas pr??prias estruturas de GRO. Sugest??es de pesquisa: evolu????o de perdas operacionais e com evid??ncias de atua????o da GRO; est??gio atual de desenvolvimento dos modelos internos; an??lise do perfil dos profissionais contratados na ??rea, sob a ??tica do isomorfismo normativo; tecnologias usadas na GRO buscando evid??ncias do isomorfismo mim??tico; e replica????o da pesquisa para organiza????es sujeitas a regulamenta????es espec??ficas como SOX e mercado de capitais.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-03T18:33:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marcelo_de_Oliveira_Cardoso.pdf: 1815960 bytes, checksum: 47794692be2e0d4e60f97e2abafffbd7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-05-08 / This Objective of this study is to investigate challenges in the determination of the Required Referential Net Equity, of financial institutions, with the entry into force of the new Central Bank regulations that meet the recommendations of the Committee on Banking Supervision Basel III. The application of standards subject to the Resolution 3897/2010 revoked by Resolution 4194/2013 will address the implementation and management of liquidity risk, the new methodology of calculating the Reference Equity and the introduction of additional core capital, among other issues. Changes brought by the withdrawal of tax credits for purposes of computing the capital and changes in the form of acceptance of subordinated debt will have a strong impact on all financial institutions, with repercussions on the levels of capitalization and leverage. In this Risk management in banking and capital management with emphasis on the determination of the reference net equity required. The results suggest the need to strengthen the management of new sources of capital and line-of-business and customers, as circular 3644, especially for the average banks / O objetivo desse estudo ?? investigar as principais mudan??as na determina????o do Patrim??nio de Refer??ncia Exigido das institui????es financeiras, com a entrada em vigor das novas regulamenta????es do Banco Central, que atendem as recomenda????es do Comit?? de Supervis??o Banc??ria de Basileia III. A aplica????o das normas que s??o objeto da Resolu????o 3897/2010 revogada pela Resolu????o 4194/2013 tratar??o da implementa????o e do gerenciamento do risco de liquidez e Cr??dito, da nova metodologia de apura????o do patrim??nio de refer??ncia e da introdu????o do adicional de capital principal, entre outras quest??es. Mudan??as como a dedu????o gradativa do saldo dos cr??ditos tribut??rios diretamente do Capital e altera????es na forma de aceita????o das d??vidas subordinadas t??m forte impacto sobre todas as institui????es financeiras, com repercuss??o nos seus n??veis de capitaliza????o e alavancagem. Nesse contexto, foi realizado revis??o da literatura sobre os assuntos: Basileia I, II e III, riscos na gest??o banc??ria e gerenciamento de capital com ??nfase na determina????o do Patrim??nio de Refer??ncia Exigido. Os resultados encontrados sugerem a necessidade de refor??ar a gest??o de novas fontes de capital e de linhas de neg??cios e clientes, conforme circular 3644, sobretudo para os bancos m??dios

Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-03T18:33:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Henrique_Goncalves_Rada.pdf: 577607 bytes, checksum: 3ed55f1053a8fde9fa2331141c4876e8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2002-08-30 / This research will analyze the business strategy in one of the biggest Brazilian's bank in relation to a crucial aspect: The loss caused by loans given to companies in the middle-market. Dealing with an environment of controlled inflation rate, all bases of Brazilian's economy show stability, banks should itensify their mission that is to foment the economy with loans and assets. The banks that develop and utilize information systems to control the liquidity and the quality of their assets will succeed in create a competitive advantage over the competitors that don't have an appropriate tool. The main purpose of this research is to analyze how an efficient information system can help the managers in order to anticipate, reduce or eliminate the looses with loans. The research will be supported through a study about the use of these tools in one of the biggest Brazilian financial institutions that is also a multinational bank. It will analyze how this bank utilizes information systems to assure an adequate financial management of the assets. It will show which are the tools given and utilized by the managers in two crucial moments: first when the money is liberated to the company and then monitoring the loan until it is liquidated or renovated. It is Supported by bibliographical references concerning to information systems and technology, risk and financial analyses. / A presente pesquisa analisou e estudou como um importante banco brasileiro de neg??cios atua diante de um problema crucial: as perdas ocorridas atrav??s de empr??stimos mal concedidos ??s empresas. Diante de um quadro de infla????o controlada, as institui????es banc??rias est??o intensificando suas fun????es no mercado com rela????o ao fomento das atividades de concess??o de cr??dito. As institui????es que conseguirem, atrav??s de seus sistemas de informa????o, controlar a liquidez de seus ativos, passar??o a desfrutar de uma vantagem competitiva sobre aquelas que ainda n??o possuem sistemas apropriados. O objetivo deste trabalho ?? entender como os sistemas de gest??o estrat??gica da informa????o pode auxiliar os gestores, neste caso os gerentes, a antecipar os problemas e reduzir ou eliminar as perdas em opera????es de cr??dito. A pesquisa foi fundamentada num estudo sobre o uso de sistemas de informa????o para monitoramento do processo de concess??o do cr??dito em uma das maiores institui????es financeiras do pa??s, uma institui????o banc??ria multinacional. O estudo buscou analisar como o banco utiliza sistemas de informa????o para garantir uma gest??o financeira adequada, pesquisando quais s??o as ferramentas disponibilizadas e utilizadas pelos gerentes comerciais para concess??o de cr??dito ao cliente, acompanhamento do retorno do valor emprestado e a renova????o da opera????o. O trabalho utilizou, como referencial te??rico, textos ligados ?? gest??o estrat??gica da informa????o, an??lise de risco e cr??dito. Os gestores avaliaram a efici??ncia dos sistemas de informa????o no sentido de se evitarem as perdas e as conclus??es foram de que por um lado s??o preservados os interesses dos acionistas e por outro um alto controle pode gerar insatisfa????o para os clientes.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-03T18:35:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Wander_Pinto.pdf: 668393 bytes, checksum: 587017b7a13304e6485dba6f16c61ff5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-09-28 / This research treat of the Audit Companies perception related to the regulatory requirements describe in the Sarbanes-Oxley Act 2002 (Sections 302 and 404) and its respective impacts on the audit risk assessment performed by independent auditors on their audit of financial statements. The general objective, although, is to verify the effect and impact of requirements from the sections 302 and 404 of the SOX for the audit risk assessment for independent auditors. The information were obtained in two phases; on the first phase was performed an exploratory study based on a bibliography research; on the second phase was performed a data collection from a questionnaire sent to all Brazilian Audit Companies which are registered in the PCAOB. The result obtained with the questionnaire add with the concepts explored show that these Brazilian Audit Companies consider the SOX - sections 302 and 404 requirements positive related to the audit risk assessment for the audit of financial statements. / Esta pesquisa trata da percep????o das empresas de auditoria independente a respeito da regulamenta????o prevista na Lei Sarbanes-Oxley - 2002 - SOX (Se????es 302 e 404 da Lei) e de seus impactos na avalia????o de riscos de auditoria enfrentados pelo auditor independente em seu trabalho de exame das demonstra????es cont??beis de uma empresa. O objetivo geral foi, portanto, identificar a percep????o do auditor independente quanto ao impacto das se????es 302 e 404 da SOX na quest??o da avalia????o de risco de auditoria das demonstra????es cont??beis. A coleta de informa????es teve duas etapas. Na primeira, realizou-se um estudo explorat??rio por meio de pesquisa bibliogr??fica. Na segunda etapa, o instrumento de coleta de dados consubstanciou-se em question??rio dirigido a todas as empresas brasileiras listadas no PCAOB . O resultado obtido com o question??rio, alinhado aos conceitos explorados na pesquisa bibliogr??fica, indica que as empresas de auditoria consideram positivas as medidas contidas na referida Lei (se????es 302 e 404) em rela????o ?? avalia????o de riscos de auditoria para trabalhos de auditoria de demonstra????es cont??beis.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-04T11:45:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Luiz_Carlos_Mondini.pdf: 4606235 bytes, checksum: 811f17c19377067c272efb597ea17ca0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-12-07 / The financial institutions generally base their decisions for granting credit on cadastral register information as well as on the accounting data showed in both the balance sheet and trial balance sheet. This is a customary practice in all financial institutions. Such practice generally originates from the Credit Department. This department is composed of credit analysis technicians duly qualified and authorized to approve or not a credit request. Generally, these credit analysis experts elaborate credit analysis reports based on cadastral register information and also on balance sheet and trial balance sheet. Besides the decisions of the credit analysis technicians, who are usually managed by the Credit Department, there still are the credit decisions that are taken by the bank operational managers or the credit committees of the bank agencies or branch offices. The credits approved by the commercial department most of the time are of a reduced value and intended for small-scaled enterprises. Therefore, the analysts and also the operational managers have to take credit decisions for both the companies that present their balance sheet or trial balance, and the ones that do not. The Brazilian enterprise system is comprised of about 5 million enterprises, from which 99% are micro and small sized companies, generally, being free from presenting their balance sheet and statement of assets and liabilities. Taking all this into consideration, a bibliographical study about these companies was conducted, which emphasized the easy and difficult aspects concerning their survival in a competitive market besides the problems for obtaining credit facility. Therefore the aim of this work is to identify and demonstrate the difficulties, imposed by the financial institutions, for granting credit facility to the companies which do not present their balance sheet and trial balance sheet. Considering this fact, application forms were designed for collecting both the accounting data and the cadastral register information, which are presently being used by the financial institutions, each one having its own method for collecting information. So, aiming at standardizing the accounting information and also the cadastral register data, a new standard application form, accompanied by its instruction manual is now being proposed for the credit analysis of companies that are free from presenting their balance sheet and statement of assets and liabilities. This standard application form was critically examined by 42 credit analysts and operational managers through an empirical research (questionnaire) which has contributed not only to a more detailed analysis of a company, but also to reduce its credit risk. The final appraisal of this research is commented at the end of this work under the item "The Application of the Questionnaire". / As institui????es financeiras, normalmente, ap??iam suas decis??es de cr??dito atrav??s de informa????es cadastrais e cont??beis (balan??o/balancete). Esta pr??tica ?? comum a todas institui????es financeiras. Pr??tica esta, geralmente, oriunda do departamento de cr??dito. Este departamento ?? composto por t??cnicos de an??lises de cr??dito com al??ada e poder de decis??o para aprovar ou n??o um cr??dito solicitado. Geralmente estes analistas de cr??dito elaboram relat??rios de an??lises baseados nos dados cadastrais e balan??os/balancetes. Al??m dos analistas, que normalmente se reportam ao departamento de cr??dito, existem tamb??m as decis??es de cr??dito realizadas pelos gerentes operacionais ou comit??s de cr??dito realizados nas ag??ncias banc??rias ou filiais. Os cr??ditos decididos na ??rea comercial, na maioria das vezes, s??o de valores reduzidos e para empresas de pequeno porte. Portanto, tanto para analistas e gerentes operacionais, existem decis??es para empresas que possuem ou n??o balan??os/balancetes. A composi????o do sistema empresarial do Brasil gira em torno de 5 milh??es de empresas, das quais 99% s??o de micro e pequenas empresas, geralmente desobrigadas da apresenta????o de balan??o/balancete patrimonial. Aliado a isto, foi realizado um estudo bibliogr??fico destas empresas, enfatizando as facilidades e dificuldades de sua sobreviv??ncia em um mercado concorrido, al??m das dificuldades de obterem linhas de cr??dito. Portanto, este trabalho tem como objetivo identificar e demonstrar as dificuldades de se conceder cr??dito, por parte das institui????es financeiras, ??s empresas que n??o apresentam balan??o/balancete patrimonial. Diante deste fato ?? que surgiram os formul??rios para coleta de dados, cadastrais e cont??beis, que hoje existem nas institui????es financeiras, cada uma com seu padr??o de capta????o de dados. Sendo assim, no sentido de padronizar as informa????es cadastrais e cont??beis, ?? que se prop??e um novo formul??rio padr??o com manual de preenchimento interpreta????o para an??lise de cr??dito nas empresas desobrigadas da apresenta????o de balan??o/balancete patrimonial. Este formul??rio foi criticado por 42 analistas e gerentes operacionais de cr??dito, atrav??s de pesquisa emp??rica (question??rio), que al??m de contribuir para uma an??lise mais detalhada da empresa contribui para mitigar o risco de cr??dito. A avalia????o final da pesquisa est?? comentada ao final deste trabalho no item "A Aplica????o do Question??rio".

Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-04T11:45:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Jose_Carlos_Penha.pdf: 1184679 bytes, checksum: b4481f679814c2f7d3cdb3fb6dda5f07 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-07-19 / The purpose of this work consists of the exploratory study about the positioning of directors and managers of an eastern multinational subsidiary company established in Brazil, as regards the implementation of the requirements determined for the Sarbanes-Oxley Act for the companies which have American Depositary Receipts negotiated in North American stock exchange. Initially they are presented, from bibliographical and documentary research, the main points of the Act and the management aspects with which it interacts, as risk management, corporate governance and internal controls. In the sequence, the methods and techniques of the research are demonstrated, as well as the argument that substantiated the decision for the use of the case study method as the appropriate strategy for the research. The elaboration of the protocol for the case study consisted in the main tactics to increase the research reliability and to guide the researcher during its development. To collect the data it was elaborated and applied a questionnaire to all directors and managers of the company. The data had been treated by the descriptive Statistics, conjugated with not-parametric techniques (discriminant analysis), for the application of the Kruskal-Wallis test, with the use of SPSS software. After the data collection, treatment, analysis and interpretation, it was gotten answer to the research question, how the company directors and managers will act front to the necessity of the requirements implementation determined for the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. The research demonstrated that the directors and managers are conscious of the deficiencies of the current internal control system, corporate governance and risk management. It also demonstrated the necessity of investments for the full attendance to the requirements of the Law. In addition, it was verified that the rules of internal control and corporate governance are not fulfilled by all the employees. It was detected, also, the existence of an appetite for risks, however the culture directed to the risk management is incipient. / O objetivo deste trabalho consiste no estudo explorat??rio sobre o posicionamento dos diretores e gerentes de uma companhia subsidi??ria de multinacional oriental estabelecida no Brasil, quanto ?? implementa????o dos requisitos determinados pela Lei Sarbanes-Oxley para as empresas que possuem American Depositary Receipts negociados em bolsas de valores norte-americanas. Inicialmente s??o apresentados, a partir de pesquisa bibliogr??fica e documental, os principais pontos da citada Lei e os aspectos de gest??o com os quais interage, como gest??o de riscos, governan??a corporativa e controles internos. Na seq????ncia s??o demonstrados os m??todos e t??cnicas da pesquisa e a argumenta????o que embasou a decis??o pela utiliza????o do m??todo do estudo de caso como a estrat??gia mais adequada para a pesquisa. A elabora????o do protocolo para o estudo de caso constituiu-se na t??tica principal para aumentar a confiabilidade da pesquisa e orientar o pesquisador durante o seu desenvolvimento. Para coletar os dados foi elaborado e aplicado question??rio a todos os diretores e gerentes da empresa. Os dados foram tratados pela Estat??stica descritiva, conjugada com t??cnicas n??o-param??tricas (an??lise discriminante), pela aplica????o do teste de Kruskal-Wallis, com aux??lio do software SPSS. Da coleta, tabula????o, an??lise e interpreta????o dos dados obteve-se a resposta ?? quest??o de pesquisa, como os diretores e gerentes da empresa agir??o frente ?? necessidade de implementa????o dos requisitos determinados pela Lei Sarbanes-Oxley. A pesquisa demonstrou que os diretores e gerentes est??o conscientes das defici??ncias dos atuais sistemas de controle interno, governan??a corporativa e gest??o de riscos. Demonstrou tamb??m a necessidade de investimentos para o pleno atendimento ??s exig??ncias da Lei. Subsidiariamente, verificou-se que as regras de controle interno e governan??a corporativa n??o s??o cumpridas por todos os funcion??rios. Foi detectada, tamb??m, a exist??ncia de um apetite para riscos, por??m a cultura voltada ?? gest??o de riscos ainda ?? incipiente.