This study was conducted to examine the sequelae of cardiovascular conditioning on locus of control, short-term mood, and psychological well-being. A pre-post test design, with control group, was used to measure the effects of a one month program of aerobic conditioning on adult volunteers. This study also sought to examine ways in which fitness changes covaried with psychological changes, and to describe patterns of change taking place during aerobic conditioning.

Title: The effect of aerobic training in patients with systemic sclerosis - literature review Objective: Main aim of this diploma thesis is to evaluate the effect of aerobic training in individuals with systemic sclerosis, to assess whether aerobic training has an impact on quality of life of these patients, and find out which methods are used to assess aerobic fitness in these individuals. Furthermore, the work is focused on summarizing the existing knowledge about the disease itself. Methodics: Thesis is written in the form of a systematic review according to the specified methodological parameters. Results: Studies have shown that aerobic training or aerobic training in combination with resistant training has a positive effect on the aerobic capacity of individuals with systemic scleroderma, the trend to improve quality of life was found in all studies and the methods used to determine aerobic fitness in all studies were cardiopulmonary stress tests. In the case of three studies, a six-minute walk test was also evaluated, the results of which were determined in two studies as the primary values for determining the effectiveness of training. Keywords: systemic sclerosis, scleroderma, physical exercise, aerobic exercise, aerobic training

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of acute aerobic exercise on cardiovascular reactivity to psychological stress. Twenty-four trained male cyclists (aged 19-26) from local cycling teams and clubs in the Blacksburg, Virginia area participated in this exercise study. These subjects cycled a minimum of 4 times per week, 30 minutes per session and were randomly assigned to either the Cold Pressor (CP) or Stroop Color Word (SCW) tasks. All subjects participated in exercise and control sessions. The exercise session consisted of 30 minutes at 70% VO₂ max and the control session involved several health assessments with no exercise. There was no significant difference in blood pressure (BP) or heart rate (HR) change scores (peak-baseline) for treatment or interaction effects. Baseline and recovery systolic blood pressure (SBP), however, showed significant differences for the main effect of treatment (exercise vs. control) (p<.05); interaction effects had a tendency toward significance (p=.09) for baseline SBP. These differences in baseline prompted a re-analysis to statistically explore a possible reduction in anticipatory response to psychological stressors. No treatment or interaction effects were found in this secondary analysis. The results of this study provide only limited support for the hypothesis that acute aerobic exercise reduces BP response to subsequent non-exercise stressors. The effects, if present at all, appear to be stronger in the baseline or anticipatory period. Future research designs should be capable of specifically examining effects in the anticipatory period. These results also provide little support for a selective effect of aerobic exercise on BP reactivity based upon the type of stressor presented. / Master of Science

No description available.

The purposes of this study were (1) to determine if three selected aerobic dance related conditions would result in chronic alterations of flexibility of college women and (2) to compare flexibility measures of college age females during a semester of aerobic dance instruction. Subjects were sixty-three college women enrolled in aerobic dance, bowling, and archery classes. Eight flexibility measures were obtained during the third and eleventh weeks of the experimental period. Data were analyzed by a factor analysis the Pearson Product Moment Correlation, and eight oneway analyses of covariance. Conclusions of the investigation were (1) a program of aerobic dance alone is not sufficient to promote flexibility, and (2) supplemental flexibility activities of ten minutes duration used with aerobic dance training are beneficial in increasing hip flexion.

Title: The choreography composition for the Fitness step aerobic senior category. Objectives: According to Analysis and Predictions of development of step aerobic competitive choreographies create and demonstrate the new choreography on the FISAF, Žij pohybem and Mistry s mistry competitions.

O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar comparativamente os efeitos dos treinamentos físicos aeróbico contínuo (TC) e aeróbico intervalado (TI) na tolerância ao esforço e na resposta vasomotora, analisando as vias de produção de espécies reativas de oxigênio (EROs) e a biodisponibilidade de óxido nítrico (NO), em aorta torácica isolada de ratos infartados pós-ligadura da coronária esquerda (IM). As sessões de treino de ambos TC e TI foram equalizados pelo gasto calórico total, distância total percorrida e intensidade média do VO2pico. Após 48 h da última sessão de treino, os ratos foram sacrificados e feita a retirada da aorta torácica para as analises funcionais e bioquímicas. Resultados: o IM promoveu disfunção endotelial aórtica, evidenciada por um menor relaxamento à ACh e maior constrição à NE. O grupo IM-SED apresentou menor capacidade funcional (menor tolerância ao esforço e menor VO2pico). Por outro lado, ambos os grupos IM-TC e IM-TI aumentaram a vasodilatação à ACh e diminuíram a vasoconstrição à NE. Além disso, ambos os TC e TI foram eficientes em aumentar a tolerância ao esforço e VO2pico nos grupos IM. Estes efeitos benéficos do TC e TI na função endotelial aórtica estavam associados ao aumento da via de produção de NO (ativação da eNOS por maior expressão da Akt total e fosforilada) e diminuição da produção de superóxido (redução da NOX- 1), acarretando em maior biodisponibilidade de NO. Deste modo, podemos concluir que ambos os TC e TI foram igualmente efetivos em atenuar o estresse oxidativo, restaurar a função endotelial aórtica e aumentar a capacidade funcional de ratos infartados / The aim of this study was to evaluate comparatively the effects of continuous aerobic physical training (CT) and aerobic interval training (IT) on exercise tolerance and vasomotor response, analyzing the process of production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability in thoracic aorta isolated from postinfarcted rats induced by left coronary artery ligation (MI). The training sessions of both CT and IT were equalized by total caloric expenditure, total distance running and average intensity of VO2peak. 48 h after the last training session, rats were sacrificed and the thoracic aorta was removed for the functional and biochemical analysis. Results: MI caused aortic endothelial dysfunction, evidenced by a lower relaxation to ACh and increased constriction to NE. The IM-SED group had lower functional capacity (lower exercise tolerance and lower VO2peak). Moreover, both groups CT and IT increased vasodilation to ACh and reduced vasoconstriction to NE. Furthermore, both CT and IT were effective in increasing exercise tolerance and VO2peak in IM groups. These beneficial effects of CT and IT on aortic endothelial function were associated with increased NO production pathway (activation of eNOS by increased expression of total and phosphorylated Akt), and decreased superoxide production (reduction of NOX-1), resulting in increased bioavailability of NO. Thus, we conclude that both IC and IT were equally effective in attenuating oxidative stress, restore aortic endothelial function and increase the functional capacity of infarcted rats

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-06T17:06:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rogerio Bulhoes Corvino.pdf: 873037 bytes, checksum: 3dd80890c4711166c207e26044d827a4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-02-23 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The aim of this research was analyze the effect of a training realized in cycle ergometer with leg blood flow occlusion on aerobic fitness, muscular strength and body composition parameters. Participate in this study 11 apparently healthy individuals of both genders, with ages between 18 and 30 years old. Subjects performed before and after four weeks of training these tests: 1) Progressive tests to the exhaustion to determine the anaerobic threshold (LAn), maximal oxygen uptake (VO2máx), and peak power (PMAX). 2) Constant load tests until volitional exhaustion (Tlim) in the intensities of 95% and 110% of PMAX to determine the on-kinetics of VO2 (Tau) in moderate (30%PMAX) and severe (110%PMAX) domains, Critical Power (CP), 3) Tests to determine the maximum isometric force of the quadriceps muscle. 4) Measurement of anthropometric variables. During a period of 4 weeks, the experimental group (N=11) performed a total of 12 sessions of leg blood flow occlusion in cycle ergometer at a low intensity (30%PMAX) The parameters Lan (BEFORE 160±52; AFTER 177±57 W), PMAX (BEFORE 246 ±48; AFTER 269±57 W), Tau30% (BEFORE 22,9±8; AFTER 18,4±5 s), Tau110% (BEFORE 43,3±19; AFTER 31,9±12 s), PC (BEFORE 180±52; AFTER 199±46 W), and maximal isometric strength (BEFORE 289±62; AFTER 318±56 N.m-1) were significantly increased after training. For the VO2max (BEFORE 1296±187; AFTER 3329±732 ml/min), VO2 at 30%PMAX (BEFORE 1296±187; AFTER 1317±220 ml/min) and anthropometric variables did not show any significantly different after training. We conclude that four weeks of leg blood flow occlusion training in cycle ergometer was able to generate changes in aerobics and neuromuscular parameters in active subjects in the similar proportions to traditional training methods. Moreover, the no effect on VO2máx whit improvements seen on the aerobic capacity and VO2 kinetcs suggest that major adaptations caused by this type of training should have been more peripheral than central factors / O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar o efeito do treinamento realizado em cicloergômetro com oclusão parcial de fluxo sanguíneo das pernas sobre parâmetros relacionados à aptidão aeróbia, força muscular e composição corporal. Participaram deste estudo 11 indivíduos aparentemente saudáveis de ambos os gêneros, com idades entre 18 e 30 anos. Os indivíduos realizaram, antes e após um período de quatro semanas de treinamento: 1) testes progressivos até a exaustão para a determinação do limiar anaeróbio (LAn), consumo máximo de oxigênio (VO2max), e potência máxima (PMAX) em cicloergômetro. 2) testes de carga constante com 6 min de duração à 30% da PMAX e até a exaustão voluntária (Tlim) à 95 e 110% da PMAX para determinação da cinética do VO2 (Tau) em intensidade moderada (30%PMAX) e severa (110%PMAX), e Potência Crítica (PC) através da relação linear entre a potência e seu respectivo Tlim (95 e 110%PMAX). 3) testes para determinação da força máxima isométrica dos músculos extensores do joelho. 4) Mensuração das variáveis antropométricas. Durante o período de 4 semanas, o grupo experimental (n = 11) realizou um total de 12 sessões de treinamento aeróbio de baixa intensidade (30%PMAX) com oclusão de fluxo sanguíneo em ambas as pernas. Os parâmetros LAn (PRÉ 160±52; PÓS 177±57 W), PMAX (PRÉ 246 ±48; PÓS 269±57 W), Tau30% (PRÉ 22,9±8; PÓS 18,4±5 s), Tau110% (PRÉ 43,3±19; PÓS 31,9±12 s), PC (PRÉ 180±52; PÓS 199±46 W), e força máxima isométrica (PRÉ 289±62; PÓS 318±56 N.m-1) foram significativamente aumentados após o treinamento. Para os valores de VO2max (PRÉ 3242±707 ; PÓS 3329±732 ml/min), e VO2 à 30%PMAX (PRÉ 1296±187; PÓS 1317±220 ml/min) e variáveis antropométricas não foram observadas diferenças significativas após o treinamento. Podemos concluir que quatro semanas de treinamento em bicicleta ergométrica com oclusão de fluxo foi capaz de gerar adaptações em parâmetros aeróbios e neuromusculares em sujeitos ativos em proporções similares a outros métodos tradicionais de treinamento. Além disso, a ausência de efeito sobre o VO2max e as melhoras observadas sobre a capacidade aeróbia e cinética do VO2 sugerem que as principais adaptações causadas por esse tipo de treinamento devem ter sido mais periféricas do que centrais.

O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar comparativamente os efeitos dos treinamentos físicos aeróbico contínuo (TC) e aeróbico intervalado (TI) na tolerância ao esforço e na resposta vasomotora, analisando as vias de produção de espécies reativas de oxigênio (EROs) e a biodisponibilidade de óxido nítrico (NO), em aorta torácica isolada de ratos infartados pós-ligadura da coronária esquerda (IM). As sessões de treino de ambos TC e TI foram equalizados pelo gasto calórico total, distância total percorrida e intensidade média do VO2pico. Após 48 h da última sessão de treino, os ratos foram sacrificados e feita a retirada da aorta torácica para as analises funcionais e bioquímicas. Resultados: o IM promoveu disfunção endotelial aórtica, evidenciada por um menor relaxamento à ACh e maior constrição à NE. O grupo IM-SED apresentou menor capacidade funcional (menor tolerância ao esforço e menor VO2pico). Por outro lado, ambos os grupos IM-TC e IM-TI aumentaram a vasodilatação à ACh e diminuíram a vasoconstrição à NE. Além disso, ambos os TC e TI foram eficientes em aumentar a tolerância ao esforço e VO2pico nos grupos IM. Estes efeitos benéficos do TC e TI na função endotelial aórtica estavam associados ao aumento da via de produção de NO (ativação da eNOS por maior expressão da Akt total e fosforilada) e diminuição da produção de superóxido (redução da NOX- 1), acarretando em maior biodisponibilidade de NO. Deste modo, podemos concluir que ambos os TC e TI foram igualmente efetivos em atenuar o estresse oxidativo, restaurar a função endotelial aórtica e aumentar a capacidade funcional de ratos infartados / The aim of this study was to evaluate comparatively the effects of continuous aerobic physical training (CT) and aerobic interval training (IT) on exercise tolerance and vasomotor response, analyzing the process of production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability in thoracic aorta isolated from postinfarcted rats induced by left coronary artery ligation (MI). The training sessions of both CT and IT were equalized by total caloric expenditure, total distance running and average intensity of VO2peak. 48 h after the last training session, rats were sacrificed and the thoracic aorta was removed for the functional and biochemical analysis. Results: MI caused aortic endothelial dysfunction, evidenced by a lower relaxation to ACh and increased constriction to NE. The IM-SED group had lower functional capacity (lower exercise tolerance and lower VO2peak). Moreover, both groups CT and IT increased vasodilation to ACh and reduced vasoconstriction to NE. Furthermore, both CT and IT were effective in increasing exercise tolerance and VO2peak in IM groups. These beneficial effects of CT and IT on aortic endothelial function were associated with increased NO production pathway (activation of eNOS by increased expression of total and phosphorylated Akt), and decreased superoxide production (reduction of NOX-1), resulting in increased bioavailability of NO. Thus, we conclude that both IC and IT were equally effective in attenuating oxidative stress, restore aortic endothelial function and increase the functional capacity of infarcted rats

No description available.