Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T17:35:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 arquivo3461_1.pdf: 1333504 bytes, checksum: 1790048045253c544798b2c69a303aee (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / O presente trabalho tem o objetivo de fazer uma investigação para responder a seguinte questão de pesquisa: como melhorar a motivação de enfermeiros que trabalham na área de saúde hospitalar, em condições insalubres de trabalho, alto grau de estresse, grande responsabilidade no sucesso do tratamento médico, rápidos avanços tecnológicos, trabalho padronizado e coletivo? e de propor um modelo motivacional para esses profissionais com os dados das pesquisas teóricas e de campo. A pesquisa de campo foi realizada em três hospitais particulares de Recife, com a utilização de entrevistas com gerentes de recursos humanos. Constatou-se que, a equipe de enfermagem dos hospitais escolhidos necessita de uma melhor remuneração, treinamento, retreinamento e uso de novas tecnologias. Verifica-se, também, que a se fazem indispensáveis algumas ações para obtenção de uma maior autonomia na execução de sua função, em virtude desse profissional assumir a coordenação da equipe de enfermagem. Esses fatores estimulariam a motivação dos enfermeiros para um melhor desempenho no trabalho, obtendo uma melhor qualidade dos serviços prestados. Na construção do modelo motivacional optou-se pela aplicação dos conceitos motivacionais da Teoria ERG e da Teoria da Fixação de Objetivos, utilizando a ergonomia organizacional, com a metodologia da Análise Ergonômica do Trabalho AET, para a fase de diagnóstico das necessidades dos enfermeiros

Job satisfaction is a topic that garners quite a lot of attention in the literature as researchers and practitioners alike seek to understand, predict and improve employees’ contentment with their jobs. Similarly, in the decade and a half since its introduction, affective events theory (AET, Weiss & Cropanzano, 1996) is also gaining attention as it is recognized as a theoretically rigorous framework (Humphrey, 2006) and the prominent theory relating to workplace affect (Ashton-James & Ashkanasy, 2005). AET supplies a framework for investigating the relationship between work events, emotions and the resulting attitudes and behaviors – a structure which several investigations have empirically tested. The current paper reviews research conducted on job satisfaction within the AET framework and identifies areas in need of additional investigation.

No description available.

Further understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in traumatic injury, and how they are modulated during drug interaction, can facilitate novel treatment strategies for future trauma patients. We hypothesize that the pharmacological agent, Androstenetriol (AET), up regulates host immune response by modulating the continued expression of mediators, including cytokines. In a double-blinded experiment, rats were hemorrhaged, driven by volume or pressure conditions, then resuscitated with fluids and packed red blood cells following a subcutaneous injection of either vehicle or drug. Blood was collected at various time points and cytokine levels were determined by analyses with both multiplex and conventional ELISA assays. Both MCP-1 and GRO/KC increase in surviving animals; trauma increases IL-lα levels in rat plasma, whereas hemorrhage decreases IL-lα over time; IL-6 plasma levels measured 6 hours after hemorrhage may correlate with mortality; AET may act by mechanisms to modify specific TH1 cytokines (INF-y) to promote survival.

Sulfonated porphyrins and phthalocyanines have been under consideration as microbicides, compounds which, when used in a topical formulation, can prevent transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus. Our studies have been directed toward the characterization of members of these classes. For the sulfonated phthalocyanines, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry was helpful in determining the extent of sulfonation. We present the first report of spectroscopic characterization of a pentasulfonated phthalocyanine. Capillary electrophoresis data were sensitive to the concentration of the compounds (Chapter 1). Mass spectrometry was also very useful for establishing the extent of sulfonation in series of sulfonated porphyrins. Capillary electrophoresis was very useful in separating mixtures of these species. A study on sulfonation of a series of tetra(difluorophenyl)porphyrins showed that species with red-shifted Soret peaks were being formed. Data were consistent with an intramolecular sulfone bridge from the phenyl substituent to the porphyrin core. Sulfonation of the tetranaphthylporphyrins ring readily gave more than one sulfonic acid group per naphthyl side chain (Chapter 2). In cancer chemotherapy of solid tumors, it is desired to kill the tumor cells with minimal damage to the surrounding tissue. Brachytherapy seeds have been a considerable help in this regard for some tumors. In further developing approaches to selective tumor damage, we have evaluated a technique, Auger Electron Therapy (AET) in which one introduces a compound that is expected to bind to DNA, absorb the radiation, and then catalyze clustered DNA damage via release of a series of Auger electrons. We chose a series of metals (silver, indium, molybdenum, palladium, platinum, ruthenium, silver and zirconium) with appropriate energy levels to absorb an x-ray photon from the brachytherapy seed and used the tetracationic porphyrin 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(1-methylpyridinium-4-yl) porphyrin (TMPyP4) as a scaffold. The amount of clustered DNA damage was quantitated by a plasmid assay. Experiments evaluated the effect of buffer, concentration of glycerol, irradiation time, and concentration of the porphyrin. No metal studied gave significant double stranded (localized) DNA damage. Significant single stranded DNA damage was observed, however, in the order zirconium >> ruthenium > palladium > platinum > silver ~ indium (Chapter 3).

O objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar as condições ergonômicas da situação de trabalho dos Auxiliares de Enfermagem em uma unidade de clínica geral de um hospital privado na cidade de Curitiba, Paraná, bem como sugerir melhorias a partir da situação caracterizada. Com a aplicação do método da Análise Ergonômica do Trabalho (AET), pôde-se verificar a realidade desses profissionais, caracterizando suas tarefas, registrando a existência de distanciamento entre tarefa prescrita e real. Os resultados obtidos evidenciaram problemas no âmbito organizacional como a montagem inadequada da escala de divisão de pacientes, o quadro de pessoal abaixo da exigência mínima estabelecida pelo Conselho Federal de Enfermagem (COFEN), a falta e a má conservação de materiais e equipamentos e, em relação ao posto de trabalho, o dimensionamento inadequado dos espaços para trânsito de pessoas e equipamentos. Concluiu-se que os problemas de maior relevância são de origem organizacional e que os mesmos favorecem e, até mesmo, intensificam os relativos ao posto de trabalho, contribuindo para o elevado índice de atestados e insatisfação entre os Auxiliares de Enfermagem. O estudo é finalizado com sugestões de melhorias, entre elas, o redimensionamento do número de leitos nas enfermarias e quadro de pessoal, promoção de rodízio dos Auxiliares de Enfermagem entre postos de diferentes níveis de exigência, escalonamento apropriado na distribuição de pacientes de acordo com a gravidade do quadro clínico, formação de comitês com reuniões periódicas para discussão de problemas existentes e outras possíveis soluções. / The objective of the present study was to investigate the ergonomic conditions of the Nursing Aids' working situation within a unit of general practice in a private hospital in the city of Curitiba-Paraná State, as well as suggest improvement of the featured situation. Through the Ergonomic Work Analysis (AET) method, it was possible to analysing these professionals' reality, by featuring their duties, registering the existence of embarassment and distortions between the prescribed and real duty. The obtained results showed problems in the organizational level such as, improper set up of escale of patients' division, the number of staff members is below the minimum requirement settled by the Federal Nursing Council (COFEN), lack and bad maintenance of material and equipment and, regarding the work position, the inadequate dimensions of space for people and equipment's flow. It is concluded that the most relevant problems are organizational and that they favor and even intensify the ones related to the work positions, contributing to the high rate of prescribed leaves and work insatisfaction among the Nursing Assistants. The study is concluded with improvement suggestions, among them, the redimensioning of bed number in the infirmaries and staff, Nursing Assistant 's shift between positions of different requirement levels, appropriate division in the patients' distribution according to the seriousness of the patologies, settlement of comittees with periodical meetings for discussing the existent problems and other possible solutions.

O objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar as condições ergonômicas da situação de trabalho dos Auxiliares de Enfermagem em uma unidade de clínica geral de um hospital privado na cidade de Curitiba, Paraná, bem como sugerir melhorias a partir da situação caracterizada. Com a aplicação do método da Análise Ergonômica do Trabalho (AET), pôde-se verificar a realidade desses profissionais, caracterizando suas tarefas, registrando a existência de distanciamento entre tarefa prescrita e real. Os resultados obtidos evidenciaram problemas no âmbito organizacional como a montagem inadequada da escala de divisão de pacientes, o quadro de pessoal abaixo da exigência mínima estabelecida pelo Conselho Federal de Enfermagem (COFEN), a falta e a má conservação de materiais e equipamentos e, em relação ao posto de trabalho, o dimensionamento inadequado dos espaços para trânsito de pessoas e equipamentos. Concluiu-se que os problemas de maior relevância são de origem organizacional e que os mesmos favorecem e, até mesmo, intensificam os relativos ao posto de trabalho, contribuindo para o elevado índice de atestados e insatisfação entre os Auxiliares de Enfermagem. O estudo é finalizado com sugestões de melhorias, entre elas, o redimensionamento do número de leitos nas enfermarias e quadro de pessoal, promoção de rodízio dos Auxiliares de Enfermagem entre postos de diferentes níveis de exigência, escalonamento apropriado na distribuição de pacientes de acordo com a gravidade do quadro clínico, formação de comitês com reuniões periódicas para discussão de problemas existentes e outras possíveis soluções. / The objective of the present study was to investigate the ergonomic conditions of the Nursing Aids' working situation within a unit of general practice in a private hospital in the city of Curitiba-Paraná State, as well as suggest improvement of the featured situation. Through the Ergonomic Work Analysis (AET) method, it was possible to analysing these professionals' reality, by featuring their duties, registering the existence of embarassment and distortions between the prescribed and real duty. The obtained results showed problems in the organizational level such as, improper set up of escale of patients' division, the number of staff members is below the minimum requirement settled by the Federal Nursing Council (COFEN), lack and bad maintenance of material and equipment and, regarding the work position, the inadequate dimensions of space for people and equipment's flow. It is concluded that the most relevant problems are organizational and that they favor and even intensify the ones related to the work positions, contributing to the high rate of prescribed leaves and work insatisfaction among the Nursing Assistants. The study is concluded with improvement suggestions, among them, the redimensioning of bed number in the infirmaries and staff, Nursing Assistant 's shift between positions of different requirement levels, appropriate division in the patients' distribution according to the seriousness of the patologies, settlement of comittees with periodical meetings for discussing the existent problems and other possible solutions.

O objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar as condições ergonômicas da situação de trabalho dos Auxiliares de Enfermagem em uma unidade de clínica geral de um hospital privado na cidade de Curitiba, Paraná, bem como sugerir melhorias a partir da situação caracterizada. Com a aplicação do método da Análise Ergonômica do Trabalho (AET), pôde-se verificar a realidade desses profissionais, caracterizando suas tarefas, registrando a existência de distanciamento entre tarefa prescrita e real. Os resultados obtidos evidenciaram problemas no âmbito organizacional como a montagem inadequada da escala de divisão de pacientes, o quadro de pessoal abaixo da exigência mínima estabelecida pelo Conselho Federal de Enfermagem (COFEN), a falta e a má conservação de materiais e equipamentos e, em relação ao posto de trabalho, o dimensionamento inadequado dos espaços para trânsito de pessoas e equipamentos. Concluiu-se que os problemas de maior relevância são de origem organizacional e que os mesmos favorecem e, até mesmo, intensificam os relativos ao posto de trabalho, contribuindo para o elevado índice de atestados e insatisfação entre os Auxiliares de Enfermagem. O estudo é finalizado com sugestões de melhorias, entre elas, o redimensionamento do número de leitos nas enfermarias e quadro de pessoal, promoção de rodízio dos Auxiliares de Enfermagem entre postos de diferentes níveis de exigência, escalonamento apropriado na distribuição de pacientes de acordo com a gravidade do quadro clínico, formação de comitês com reuniões periódicas para discussão de problemas existentes e outras possíveis soluções. / The objective of the present study was to investigate the ergonomic conditions of the Nursing Aids' working situation within a unit of general practice in a private hospital in the city of Curitiba-Paraná State, as well as suggest improvement of the featured situation. Through the Ergonomic Work Analysis (AET) method, it was possible to analysing these professionals' reality, by featuring their duties, registering the existence of embarassment and distortions between the prescribed and real duty. The obtained results showed problems in the organizational level such as, improper set up of escale of patients' division, the number of staff members is below the minimum requirement settled by the Federal Nursing Council (COFEN), lack and bad maintenance of material and equipment and, regarding the work position, the inadequate dimensions of space for people and equipment's flow. It is concluded that the most relevant problems are organizational and that they favor and even intensify the ones related to the work positions, contributing to the high rate of prescribed leaves and work insatisfaction among the Nursing Assistants. The study is concluded with improvement suggestions, among them, the redimensioning of bed number in the infirmaries and staff, Nursing Assistant 's shift between positions of different requirement levels, appropriate division in the patients' distribution according to the seriousness of the patologies, settlement of comittees with periodical meetings for discussing the existent problems and other possible solutions.

<p>Due to increased complexity of today’s computer systems, which are manufactured in recent semiconductor technologies, and the fact that recent semiconductor technologies are more liable to soft errors (non-permanent errors) it is inherently difficult to ensure that the systems are and will remain error-free. Depending on the application, a soft error can have serious consequences for the system. It is therefore important to detect the presence of soft errors as early as possible and recover from the erroneous state and maintain correct operation. There is an entire research area devoted on proposing, implementing and analyzing techniques that can detect and recover from these errors, known as fault tolerance. The drawback of using faulttolerance is that it usually introduces some overhead. This overhead may be for instance redundant hardware, which increases the cost of the system, or it may be a time overhead that negatively impacts on system performance. Thus a main concern when applying fault tolerance is to minimize the imposed overhead while the system is still able to deliver the correct error-free operation. In this thesis we have analyzed one well known fault tolerant technique, Rollback-Recovery with Checkpointing (RRC). This technique is able to detect and recover from errors by taking and storing checkpoints during the execution of a job.Therefore we can think as if a job is divided into a number of execution segments and a checkpoint is taken after executing each execution segment. This technique requires the job to be concurrently executed on two processors. At each checkpoint, both processors exchange data, which contains enough information for the job’s state. The exchanged data are then compared. If the data differ, it means that an error is detected in the previous execution segment and it is therefore re-executed. If the exchanged data are the same, it means that no errors are detected and the data are stored as a safe point from which the job can be restarted later. A time overhead due to exchanging data between processors is therefore introduced, and it increases the average execution time of a job, i.e. the average time required for a given job to complete. The overhead depends on the number of links that has to be traversed (due to data exchange) after each execution segment and the number of execution segments that are needed for the given job. The number of links that has to be traversed after each execution segment is twice the distance between the processors that are executing the same job concurrently. However, this is only true if all the links are fully functional. A link failure can result in a longer route for communication between the processors. Even though all links arefully functional, the number of execution segments still depends on error-free probabilities of the processors, and these error-free probabilities can vary between processors. This implies that the choice of processors affects the total number of links the communication has to traverse. Choosing two processors with higher error-free probability further away from eachother increases the distance, but decreases the number of execution segments, which can result in a lower overhead. By carefully determining the mapping for a given job, one can decrease the overhead, hence decreasing the average execution time. Since it is very common to have a larger number of jobs than available resources, it is not only important to find a good mapping to decrease the average execution time for a whole system, but also a good order of execution for a given set jobs (scheduling of the jobs). We propose in this thesis several mapping and scheduling algorithms that aim to reduce the average execution time in a fault-tolerant multiprocessor System-on-Chip, which uses Network-on-Chip as an underlying interconnect architecture, so that the fault-tolerant technique (RRC) can perform efficiently.</p>

The present study aimed to explore both situational (Emotional Display Rules and Affective Events) and dispositional antecedents (Four of Big Five personality dimensions / Extraversion, Neuroticism, Conscientiousness and Agreeableness) of emotional labor. Potential interaction effects of situational and dispositional variables on emotional labor / and long-term consequences of the construct were also examined. Data were collected from table servers working in caf&eacute / s, restaurants, and hotels in Ankara, Istanbul, Kusadasi, (Aydin) and Antalya. The study was performed in three stages. In the first stage, diary study was conducted and Affective Events Scale was created for the service work. In the second stage, psychometric properties of the new scale were pilot tested. In the main study, reliabilities of the scales, hypotheses and potential moderation effects were tested with a total sample of 254 employees. Results revealed that emotional display rules were a significant predictor of both surface and deep acting. Positive events positively predicted emotional labor. Among dispositional antecedents, agreeableness was the only dimension that predicted surface acting. Deep acting was predicted by all of the personality dimensions utilized in the study, especially by agreeableness. On the other hand,conscientiousness had a marginally significant moderation effect on the relationship between emotional display rules and surface acting. With respect to consequences of emotional labor, both surface acting and deep acting positively predicted personal accomplishment. Deep acting was also positively related to job satisfaction, and negatively related to turnover intentions. Findings discussed and practical implications, limitations, and directions for future research were presented.