The oncogene Ahi-1 was recently identified through provirus insertional mutagenesis in murine leukemias and lymphomas. Its involvement in human leukemogenesis is demonstrated by gross perturbations in its expression in several leukemic cells lines, particularly in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) cell lines (Hut 78 and Hut 102). Hut 78 is derived from a patient with Sezary syndrome, a common leukemic variant of the human CTCL mycosis fungoides. Aberrant expression of AHI-1 mRNA and protein has been found in CD4⁺CD7⁻ leukemic Sezary cells from patients with Sezary syndrome. Moreover, stable suppression of AHI-1 using retroviral-mediated RNA interference in Hut 78 cells inhibits their transforming activity in vitro and in vivo. In an effort to identify genes involved in AHI-1-mediated leukemic transformation in CTCL, microarray analysis was performed to compare six RNA samples from AHI-1 suppressed Hut 78/sh4 cells to five samples from Hut 78 control cells. Limma and dChip analyses identified 218 and 95 differentially expressed genes, respectively, using a fold change criteria of > or < 2 and a p-value threshold of ≤ 0.01. After evaluation of both analyses, 21 genes were selected based upon interesting structural and functional information, specificity to hematopoietic cells or T-cells, and previous connections to cancer. Expression patterns of these 21 genes were validated by qRT-PCR with p-values < 0.05 ranging from 1.97 x 10⁻¹⁰ to 6.55 x 10⁻³, with the exception of BRDG1 at 5.88 x 10⁻². The observed up-regulation of both BIN1 and HCK in AHI-1 suppressed Hut 78/sh4 cells as compared to control cells further confirmed at the protein level. The tumor suppressor BIN1 is known to physically interact with c-MYC, which also exhibits differential protein expression in these cells. Characterization of BIN1 identified 4 isoforms all of which contain exon 10 and demonstrate alternative splicing of exons 12A and 13. Additionally, qRT-PCR results from primary Sezary samples indicate there is clinical significance in the expression changes detected for BIN1, HCK, REPS2, BRDG1, NKG7 and SPIB. These findings identify several new differentially expressed genes that may play critical roles in AHI-1-mediated leukemic transformation of human CTCL cells.

The oncogene Ahi-1 was recently identified through provirus insertional mutagenesis in murine leukemias and lymphomas. Its involvement in human leukemogenesis is demonstrated by gross perturbations in its expression in several leukemic cells lines, particularly in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) cell lines (Hut 78 and Hut 102). Hut 78 is derived from a patient with Sezary syndrome, a common leukemic variant of the human CTCL mycosis fungoides. Aberrant expression of AHI-1 mRNA and protein has been found in CD4⁺CD7⁻ leukemic Sezary cells from patients with Sezary syndrome. Moreover, stable suppression of AHI-1 using retroviral-mediated RNA interference in Hut 78 cells inhibits their transforming activity in vitro and in vivo. In an effort to identify genes involved in AHI-1-mediated leukemic transformation in CTCL, microarray analysis was performed to compare six RNA samples from AHI-1 suppressed Hut 78/sh4 cells to five samples from Hut 78 control cells. Limma and dChip analyses identified 218 and 95 differentially expressed genes, respectively, using a fold change criteria of > or < 2 and a p-value threshold of ≤ 0.01. After evaluation of both analyses, 21 genes were selected based upon interesting structural and functional information, specificity to hematopoietic cells or T-cells, and previous connections to cancer. Expression patterns of these 21 genes were validated by qRT-PCR with p-values < 0.05 ranging from 1.97 x 10⁻¹⁰ to 6.55 x 10⁻³, with the exception of BRDG1 at 5.88 x 10⁻². The observed up-regulation of both BIN1 and HCK in AHI-1 suppressed Hut 78/sh4 cells as compared to control cells further confirmed at the protein level. The tumor suppressor BIN1 is known to physically interact with c-MYC, which also exhibits differential protein expression in these cells. Characterization of BIN1 identified 4 isoforms all of which contain exon 10 and demonstrate alternative splicing of exons 12A and 13. Additionally, qRT-PCR results from primary Sezary samples indicate there is clinical significance in the expression changes detected for BIN1, HCK, REPS2, BRDG1, NKG7 and SPIB. These findings identify several new differentially expressed genes that may play critical roles in AHI-1-mediated leukemic transformation of human CTCL cells.

The oncogene Ahi-1 was recently identified through provirus insertional mutagenesis in murine leukemias and lymphomas. Its involvement in human leukemogenesis is demonstrated by gross perturbations in its expression in several leukemic cells lines, particularly in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) cell lines (Hut 78 and Hut 102). Hut 78 is derived from a patient with Sezary syndrome, a common leukemic variant of the human CTCL mycosis fungoides. Aberrant expression of AHI-1 mRNA and protein has been found in CD4⁺CD7⁻ leukemic Sezary cells from patients with Sezary syndrome. Moreover, stable suppression of AHI-1 using retroviral-mediated RNA interference in Hut 78 cells inhibits their transforming activity in vitro and in vivo. In an effort to identify genes involved in AHI-1-mediated leukemic transformation in CTCL, microarray analysis was performed to compare six RNA samples from AHI-1 suppressed Hut 78/sh4 cells to five samples from Hut 78 control cells. Limma and dChip analyses identified 218 and 95 differentially expressed genes, respectively, using a fold change criteria of > or < 2 and a p-value threshold of ≤ 0.01. After evaluation of both analyses, 21 genes were selected based upon interesting structural and functional information, specificity to hematopoietic cells or T-cells, and previous connections to cancer. Expression patterns of these 21 genes were validated by qRT-PCR with p-values < 0.05 ranging from 1.97 x 10⁻¹⁰ to 6.55 x 10⁻³, with the exception of BRDG1 at 5.88 x 10⁻². The observed up-regulation of both BIN1 and HCK in AHI-1 suppressed Hut 78/sh4 cells as compared to control cells further confirmed at the protein level. The tumor suppressor BIN1 is known to physically interact with c-MYC, which also exhibits differential protein expression in these cells. Characterization of BIN1 identified 4 isoforms all of which contain exon 10 and demonstrate alternative splicing of exons 12A and 13. Additionally, qRT-PCR results from primary Sezary samples indicate there is clinical significance in the expression changes detected for BIN1, HCK, REPS2, BRDG1, NKG7 and SPIB. These findings identify several new differentially expressed genes that may play critical roles in AHI-1-mediated leukemic transformation of human CTCL cells. / Medicine, Faculty of / Medical Genetics, Department of / Graduate

Sleep apnea impacts one's mental and physical health, and has social consequences which affect all of society. Not only is there is a weak correlation between the severity of sleep apnea and daytime sleepiness as reported on the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), but there is also a weak correlation between the severity of sleep apnea and prescribed treatment as indicated by 95th percentile pressure on a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) machine. This poses difficulty for providers as well as patients throughout screening and treatment. The purpose of this study was to use a biopsychosocial approach to perform a within-subjects analysis in order to quantitatively investigate methods of calculating the severity of sleep apnea. The study included historical data of 75 participants, each diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea, prescribed Automatic CPAP therapy, and compliant with treatment. The Apnea Hypopnea Index (AHI) was calculated in the current fashion and also while considering the length of a respiratory event, type of respiratory event, and the combination of these two factors. Linear regression was used to determine if there is a significant difference in the relationships between the AHI and the ESS as well as the AHI and the 95th percentile CPAP pressure. Results endorsed neither a strong relationship between the AHIs and the ESS nor a strong relationship between the AHIs and 95th percentile CPAP pressure either. However, the relationships were somewhat stronger when considering the length and type of the respiratory event. Findings support a need for future research to explore these relationships and offer more accurate screening and treatment of individuals with sleep apnea. Ultimately, those with sleep apnea will experience an improvement in mental, physical and social functioning which may positively impact those without sleep apnea.

He kopu puta tahi, he taura whiri tātou; whiringa a nuku, whiringa a rangi, te whatia e Issue of one womb, we are a rope woven of many strands; woven on earth, woven in heaven, it will not break (Rev Māori Marsden, 1992) Ngati Te Takinga is a hapū (sub-tribe) belonging to the Iwi (tribe) Ngati Pikiao. An affiliated member of the Te Arawa confederation of tribes, Ngati Pikiao occupies the Okere and Rotoiti Lakes district of Rotorua in the central North Island of Aotearoa New Zealand. This thesis seeks to acknowledge and address the concerns that Ngati Te Takinga has regarding impending cultural discontinuity. The concerns arise due to the hapū's limited human capability and capacity being the result of three things. Firstly, the ongoing demise of tribal elders (and leaders) and the subsequent loss to the hapū of cultural knowledge, skills, leadership and expertise. Secondly, the low numbers of adept, culturally proficient successors 'coming through' (to replace the elders) and finally, the detribalised and diasporic (dispersed) nature of our people. The hapū and the marae Te Takinga (a last outwardly discernible bastion of Ngati Te Takinga cultural identity and distinction) are jeopardised as a result of these phenomenon. This thesis is part of a hapū strategy that attempts to address these problems. Positing the reconnection of our dispersed Ngati Te Takinga 'away-dwellers' as a beginning solution, the central questions raised by this thesis are how [does] Ngati Te Takinga 'home-dweller' discourse impact on the 'coming home' experiences and 'reconnection' of Ngati Te Takinga away-dwellers? and what are the [are there] implications for Ngati Te Takinga cultural continuity? The maintenance of Ngati Te Takinga cultural continuity forms the aho mātua or main thread of this work. Using narrative enquiry as a broad methodological framework,stories were gathered from four different groups of Ngati Te Takinga peoples. The groups were home-dwellers (mana whenua or ahi kaa), te ahi tere (away-dwellers who have returned home to live); te ahi tere (away-dwellers who intend returning in the future) and te ahi tere (away-dwellers who have no intention of returning home to live). The stories (narratives) investigated notions of home, belongingness and Māori identity in relation to the trichotomy of the connection, disconnection and the reconnection of Ngati Te Takinga peoples; the stories were analysed and co-constructed with participants for meaning. The stories showed that while the hapū aspires to gather up the strengths of a dispersed people to reinvigorate our culture and the marae, existing and competing discourses around authenticity, authority and Ngati Te Takinga identity create a tension between the home (mana whenua/ahi kaa) and away-dwelling Ngati Te Takinga people; including those away-dwellers who have returned. As a basic requirement, this tension must be diminished in order to build the relationships necessary to improve hapū allegiance (whānaungatanga), to build hapū strength and to maintain hapū culture and identity. As a priority, decolonising strategies that facilitate an understanding of diversity, promote participation, maintain tikanga and include our away-dwellers, our 'returnees' and/or our disconnected people in our hapū-marae interactions, must be considered, developed, promoted and practiced.

Ngaromoana Raureti Tomoana is a painter from the East Coast of the North Island. In more than 30 years she has produced and shown a large body of work, like many other women artists concurrently juggling motherhood and artistic performance. Over approximately the last 10 years, she has formalized her education completing the Advanced Diploma for Maori Visual Arts at Toihoukura in Gisborne as well as a Bachelor of Arts and a Masters of Maori Visual Arts at Massey University. The artist, who identifies as an Indigenous Village Artist, is hardly known outside her local area of Northern Hawkes Bay, and, apart from a short feature in Mataora , a picture in Te Ata , and various catalogue entries, little has been written about her work. This thesis introduces Ngaromoana Raureti Tomoana and explores the notion of an indigenous village art. I incorporate feminist and postcolonial discourses into a political and critical engagement with her art, which addresses issues of village and land based cultural identity as well as race and gender. I argue that her work is politically motivated and important in the context of contemporary Maori art. Furthermore, based on a holistic world view, it simultaneously reaches out into the wider, global community. Intertwining local and personal history, her oeuvre is the manifestation of a female path and a female perspective, of identification with her village and beyond.

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Syfte: Att utvärdera patientnyttan av behandling med apnébettskena vid obstruktivt sömnapnésyndrom (OSAS) på avdelningen för Orofacial smärta och käkfunktion på Odontologiska fakulteten, Malmö Universitet, samt att undersöka vilka subjektiva och kliniska faktorer som kan förutsäga ett lyckat behandlingsutfall samt om behandlingsbiverkningar uppstår. Material och metod: I en retrospektiv kvalitetsstudie utvärderades 183 konsekutiva patientjournaler mellan 2017/01–2020/05. Data från journalerna granskades avseende subjektiva symtom och kliniska fynd för att kunna besvara på befintliga frågeställningar. Data inhämtades från ett standardiserat formulär och klinisk undersökning från baseline (n=183), 3 månader (n=143) samt 1 årsuppföljning (n=93). Datamaterialet analyserades i SPSS 27. Resultat: En god behandlingseffekt rapporterades av 66% vid 3 månaders och 64% vid 1 årsuppföljningen. En signifikant kvarstående förbättring av morgontrötthet (p&lt;0,000), dagtrötthet (p&lt;0,000) och sömnighet (p&lt;0,000) registrerades. Sömnighet graderades med Epworths sömnighetsskala. Antal uppvaknande per natt minskade (p&lt;0,000). Följsamheten var god, 71% använde skenan 6–7 nätter i veckan. Den vanligaste biverkningen var övergående smärta i tuggsystemet. Bettavvikelser i form av minskad vertikal och horisontell överbitning förekom hos 22 respektive 14 patienter vid 3 månaders uppföljningen. Inga predikterande faktorer för en positiv behandlingseffekt kunde registreras i denna studie. Slutsats: Majoriteten av patienter upplevde en god behandlingseffekt, hade minskad morgon och dagtrötthet och uppvisade en god följsamhet av att använda apnébettskenan. Inga prediktiva värden kunde identifieras för gott behandlingsutfall. Smärta och bettavvikelse rapporterades av var femte patient, minskad horisontell och/eller vertikal överbitning registrerades hos ungefär var 10:e patient / Aim: To evaluate the long-term effect of treatment with an oral appliance in patients withobstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) at the Department of Orofacial Pain and JawFunction, Faculty of odontology, Malmö University, and to investigate which subjective andclinical factors can predict a successful treatment outcome and whether side effects occur. Material and method: In a retrospective quality study, 183 consecutive patient records wereevaluated between 2017/01-2020/05. Data from the records were examined for subjectivesymptoms and clinical findings in order to answer stated questions. Data were obtained froma standardized inquiry and a clinical examination from baseline (n=183), 3 months (n=143)and a one-year follow-up (n=93). The data material was analysed with SPSS 27. Results: A good treatment effect was reported by 66% at 3 months and 64% at 1 year followup. A significant sustained improvement in morning sleepiness(p&lt;0.000), daytime sleepiness(p&lt;0.000), and sleepiness (p&lt;0.000) was recorded. Sleepiness was graded according to theEpworth sleep index. The number of awakenings per night decreased (p&lt;0.000). Compliancewas good, 71% of patients used the splint 6-7 nights a week. Most common dental sideeffects were transient pain in the masticatory system. Dental side-effects in the form ofreduced vertical and horizontal overbite occurred in 22 respectively 14 patients at the 3months follow up. No predictive factors could be found in this study. Conclusion: The majority of patients experienced a good treatment effect, had reducedmorning fatigue and daytime sleepiness and showed a good consistency of using an oralappliance. No predictive values could be identified for good treatment outcomes. Pain anddental changes were reported by one in five patients, decreased overbite and/or overjet wasrecorded in approximately one in 10 patients.

Bakgrund Obstruktiv sömnapné (OSA) karakteriseras av upprepade episoder av helt eller delvis avstängda luftvägar under sömn. Det saknas studier som undersöker samband mellan fysisk kapacitet och graden av OSA, Body Mass Index (BMI), dagtrötthet, mängden tid med lågintensiv fysisk aktivitet (LFA) och ålder hos personer med OSA.   Syfte Syftet var att se hur fysisk kapacitet skiljer sig hos personer med OSA beroende på graden av OSA, BMI, dagtrötthet, mängden LFA och ålder samt studera sambandet mellan dessa variabler.   Metod Studien var en tvärsnittsstudie med en jämförande och korrelerande design. Data kommer från baslinjemätningar av en randomiserad kontrollerad studie på 86 deltagare med diagnosen OSA (AHI &gt;15), BMI &gt;25, samt en självskattad måttligt intensiv fysisk aktivitet på mindre än 150 minuter/vecka. Dagtrötthet mättes med Epworth sleepiness scale och LFA mättes med accelerometer.    Resultat Det fanns ett signifikant samband mellan prestation på 6 MWT och ålder respektive mängden tid i LFA. Hög ålder och få minuter av LFA korrelerar med kortare gångsträcka. Personer med övervikt hade längre gångsträcka än personer med fetma. Det var inga skillnader i gångsträcka beroende på graden av OSA eller om det förekom dagtrötthet.   Slutsats Ålder och BMI bör tas i beaktande vid utförandet och utvärdering av gångtest för personer med OSA. Personer med OSA som utför mer LFA hade en högre kapacitet vilket möjligen kan förklaras av att de är mindre stillasittande. Mer forskning behövs på ämnet för att ta reda på bakomliggande orsaker och se kausala samband.

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