Thesis (M. A. (African Languages)) -- University of Limpopo, 2013. / The main aim of this study is to examine women’s abuse with special reference to Xitsonga folklore, Khale ka Makwangala by F. Rikhotso. This study also shows characters who are abused and those who cause this abuse. The first chapter reveals the general outline of the study, the problem statement, the aim, the importance and its methodology. The most important terms of the study have been explained in this chapter so as to reveal what is expected to be analyzed. Some of the definitions of the Constitution have been given. Chapter two gives short summary of the folklore Khale ka Makwangala by F. Rikhotso which has been examined together with the history of their authors. The definitions of the word human rights have been included and defined in this chapter. In this chapter, other folklores which have been selected for analysis have been analysed. Chapter three explains, defines and analyses the themes of selected folklores. The definitions of themes have been given in this chapter. These definitions make it easier to understand what themes are. Chapter four

Background: Violence against women is a global public health problem that has consequenses for the individual as well as the society. The number of women exposed to violence is assumed to have increased in connection with the Covid-19 pandemic. Many are exposed to violence in their home environment where their partner is the perpetrator. Women often avoid seeking medical care and therefore the number of unreported cases is assumed to be high. Since the nurse often is the first to come in contact with the abused woman, it is important that the nurse has the knowledge required to be able to identify the women.  Aim: The aim of this study was to highlight the nurse´s experiences of meeting women who have been exposed to violence in close relationships. Aim: The aim of this study was to highlight the nurse´s experiences of meeting women who have been exposed to violence in close relationships.   Results: The study resulted in two main themes: the nurse’s internal factors and the nurse’s external factors. Seven subthemes were designed: emotional impact, perceptions and attitudes, treatment, stress and lack of time, the nurse’s responsibility, lack of knowledge, identifying violence and a supportive environment.  Conclusion: The nurse has a responsibility to care for women exposed to violence. The results of this study showed that there is a lack of knowledge, which leads to the nurses feeling insecure in their profession. Furthermore, organizational factors as well as the nurse´s own feelings affect the work with the abused women.

This study is a two part study of the experiences of women participating in conjoint treatment for domestic violence. The participants in the first part of the study included 11 clients, from whom information was gathered in 25 interviews. The second part of the study focused on three women. Their opinions were garnered in five interviews. Five of the women were in multi-couple group therapy and nine participated in from four to twelve sessions of conjoint couple therapy with their partners. This study focused on how female partners of male batterers experienced strength-based focused couples therapy as part of a research and development project for couples treatment of domestic violence. The concepts of safety, responsibility for the violence, power and control, validation and empowerment guided the researcher. The women related that having two therapists and pre- and post-session check-ins contributed to their sense of safety. Although the women reported that their mate taking responsibility for the violence was important, they thought the therapy's focus on their strengths kept their mates committed to attending therapy sessions. Women, who reported that their mates were taking more responsibility for their actions, attributed the change to their therapists being persistent in discussing the various forms of abusive behavior and in stressing accountability for individual behavior. Most of the women indicated that talking about what they had experienced and that gaining support from therapists and group members increased their power and ability to focus on their own needs. Women in the study stressed the importance of having some form of follow-up support to be able to practicing new skills with their partners. Based on the recommendations of the women in this study, the treatment of domestic violence should provide women safe outlets for expressing their feelings, acknowledgment of their experience and tools for resolving the conflicts in their relationship. / Master of Science

Submitted to the Faculty of Arts in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts in Social Work in the Department of Social Work at the University of Zululand, 2000. / Dissertation on "The need for pre-marital counselling in preventing domestic violence" is the outcome of the researcher's concern about domestic violence that is widespread in our society. On reviewing the literature, she found that social workers and their professional associates are trying hard to fight against this disease. However, very little is being achieved as this disease in increasing day by day. Revelation by literature that pre-marital counselling, as a primary intervention, is seldom applied by practitioner that are trying to stop domestic violence, motivated the researcher to undertake this study. In her introduction to this study, the researcher stated the problem, her motivation to undertake this study, its objectives, assumptions, value and limitations, and lastly, she - defined the terms. The researcher reviewed literature on explanation of domestic violence. Her focus was on its causes, forms, effects, prevalence, common features of human violence, individual features of men who batter, why women stay in abusive relationship and the "way they respond to this domestic violence. She further looked into the preventative intervention to domestic violence, focussing on three levels of preventions, namely, preparation for marriage, which is primary prevention, promotion of the quality of marriage and family life, which is secondary prevention, treatment of marital dysfunction, which is tertiary prevention as well as traditional ways of preparing for marriage. The design the researcher used was exploratory/descriptive in nature. Subjects of the study were selected by means of purposive sampling. The sampling units were the social workers of the Department of Social Welfare and Population development, stationed at Madadeni and their clients (ten families) that presented domestic violence related problems. Madadeni community is situated at about 13 km, south of Newcastle in Kwazulu Natal. Interview schedules were pre-tested on three social workers and three families. Interviews and studying of the files of the individual prospective respondents were used to collect data. Frequency tables, columns and pie charts with percentages were used in presentation, analysis and interpretation of data. During the analysis of data, the researcher looked for similarities and dissimilarities. She presented data as a descriptive account, organised it into categories on the basis of themes and proposed hypotheses. Lastly, she gave a summary, drew conclusions regarding the need for premarital counselling in the area and made recommendations. The overall conclusion that was made by the researcher was that pre-marital counselling is needed in combating domestic violence. *

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Background: Women around the world are subjected to violence in intimate relationships. Statistics indicate that one in three women has experienced intimate partner violence. The violence women are subjected to occurs in different forms and primarily behind closed doors in their homes. Nurses play a significant role in identifying violence in their interactions with these women, as they often withhold this information from healthcare providers. Aim: The aim was to describe nurse's experiences of identifying women exposed to violence. Method: A literature study based on eight qualitative scientific articles from the nurse's perspective and analysed with Friberg’s five-step model. Results: The result consists of two main themes and seven subthemes. It turned out that nurses often get emotionally affected when they hear the abused women talk about their experiences. Nurses' previous experiences have a significant role in the care encounter. Other factors that affect the nurses' ability to identify abused women are perceived to be lack of knowledge, lack of routine and lack of time. But also the dilemma of nurses believing that it is not their responsibility to identify abused women. Conclusion: Nurses have a lack of knowledge about the subject which results in them hesitating and not daring to ask the question about violence. The conclusion is that several factors affect the nurse in the identification of abused women. Nurses need to improve their knowledge of the subject and need clear guidelines from their workplace to be able to take their responsibility.

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The majority of research on wife abuse and dating violence neglects women's personal experiences and focuses on the extent and nature of physical abuse. Feminist researchers, however, stress the significance of both recognizing women's voices and acknowledging all forms of abuse against women. The purpose of this study was to enhance the understanding of women's personal experiences of being in an abusive, heterosexual relationship by asking women to write narratives describing their experiences. Nine women, between the ages of 27 and 46 years and who had left their abuser, participated in this study. The relationships had become abusive within 2 weeks to 2 years of their beginning, though most became abusive within several months and one was always abusive. All but one of the women reported receiving help in leaving the relationship. The themes that arose from the stories are important because they indicate what these abused women deem important or relevant to their experiences. While valuable, much of past research has neglected to focus on what abused women deem significant. The five themes that emerged from their stories are abusive aspects of relationships, characteristics of the abuser, respondents' reactions to abuse, abuse as a private act, and support and advice. / Master of Science