The purpose of the research aims to integrate Big6 skills into critical thinking instruction for elementary school sixth grade social studies, cultivate the students the basic capability of information literacy, lead the students an usage the Big6 skills step to integrate the critical thinking meaning of the Ennis as the teaching mode, promote the student to learn the theme learning research in the social studies. The main teaching mode includes four stages: (1)the valuation stage;(2)the investigation stage;(3)the development new look stage;(4)the integration stage. The researcher of this research teach in grade six of primary school, with class student for research object, the data collection pays emphasis to qualitative and quantification analysis , the quantification analysis with Chiu-Ching Chen method which draws up of the critical thinking capability test, researcher learns the theme questionnaire, basic information literacy questionnaire, the qualitative data collection includes the social work sheets, topic research achievement report, student learning portfolio, carrying the teaching diaries, the classroom observation record, consulting with students, parent feedback opinion and teacher¡¦s own inspection and feeling. The results of the data collection and the analysis are as follows: 1. Big6 skills integrate the social studies critical thinking teaching to carry on a two-stage theme learning action research through giving something back to,examining oneself and revising the teaching process, can be used as the basis of the teaching project implementation. 2. Big6 skills integrate the social studies critical thinking teaching project, which is not able to promote the student's critical thinking cognition and skills immediately and effectively, for critical thinking disposition is obviously helpful. 3. The students who have experienced the Big6 skills integrated the social studies critical thinking teaching, emerge from self-directed learning to active learning capability. 4. Parent and teachers and students study the theme and life of the social studies as well as the relevant linking of the teaching project, apply the information science and technology and the group cooperate learning, all embrace encouraging and forward-direction of the viewpoint, affirm the student's performance. Researcher's comprehensive implementation comes to a conclusion that the action research of integrating Big6 skills into critical thinking instruction for elementary school social studies, willing to have the following suggestions to the researcher in the future: The suggestions are: 1. Expanding the Big6 skills implementation information integrates each subject teaching. 2. The social studies teacher should value the critical thinking teaching, carry on a related research of topic. 3. Encouraging teachers and students to participate into the action research together, constructing networking learning mode. 4. Learning to use the qualitative analysis method flexibly. 5. Networking action teaching strategy. 6. Improveing techniques and ways in monthly examination, setting-up social studies item pull.

This report describes an action research instruction that was designed to determine the effect of using thematic classical music in the music appreciation class of 5th Graders. Through the assistance of Information Technology and the performance of musical drama¡Athe researcher tried to breakthrough the traditions and innovate a action project of music instruction. This research aims to construct an instructional material and teaching mode integrated information technology of thematic classical music appreciation instruction in elementary school. It was also to appraise the effect on learning motivation and classical music appreciation competence. The subjects consisted of two classes 5th grader students selected from the researcher¡¦s elementary school. The classical music appreciation instruction program included three pieces of classical music for appreciation and musical drama. At the research period of eight weeks, the data will collected through teacher observation records, research journals, interviews, pictures, digital video, pre-questionnaire, thematic worksheets, and questionnaire of learning effect. The results indicated¡]1¡^In affective aspect, students¡¦ learning motivations ,fondness for classical music, and classical music appreciation competence can be improved in the thematic classical music appreciation instruction.¡]2¡^In skill aspect, there is a better linkage between the stage property, action designed by students and the characteristics of classical music. Also in the musical drama, students perform how they feel about music.¡]3¡^In cognition aspect, it is an significant improvement on students¡¦ recognizable competence of quick-slow rhythm and musical instruments tone, but not including oboe and clarinet. Due to the time is limited, recognizable competence of pitch changing is not completed.¡]4¡^In teacher¡¦s professional competence aspect, the researcher has progress on information technology applications, curriculum design, critical reflection, ¡® music instruction. In conclusion, thematic classical music appreciation instruction mode can be easily implemented for teachers.

Abstract This report describes an action research project that was designed to determine the effect of using the moot court of class and relative teaching activities in the elementary school, especially on students¡¦ law-related knowledge and other relevant influences. By founding the moot court of class, the purpose of the research was to give students law-related knowledge and establish classroom rules through the arbitration and public justice of the third-party advisor. In the process of participating public affairs, students learned to know the difference between right and wrong, developed the moral qualities full of respect and forgiveness, and then promoted students¡¦ ability on critical thinking and self-reflection at the same time. The model increased the function of self-governing activities in the class, reduced the amount of time and frequencies for the teacher to deal with students¡¦ arguments, and finally achieved the aim to help students follow rules, promote students¡¦ learning results and the teacher¡¦s teaching effect. Through the strategies used to help students correct their own interpersonal interaction styles, students could be accepted by the whole group and became one important group member. The model fulfilled the three education goals¡Xteaching, integrating into lives, advising and correction. According to data analysis and observation, the major findings of this research were as follows. 1. The events and causes of students¡¦ arguments did not change a lot with time and places. 2. Students liked to participate activities in the moot court of class. The atmosphere was serious but warm. 3. Procrastination changed the way how students faced conflicts and reduced the interruption on the teacher¡¦s teaching process. 4. The function of the moot court of class was to solve conflicts, and then counseling strategies were use to lead the thought and improve behavior. 5. The model had positive effect on students¡¦ self-reflection and critical thinking. 6. Under the suitable model, classroom rules didn¡¦t have to be made right after the school year began. 7. The third-party advisor was helpful to complete communication, and made the arbitration to good effect. 8. The arbitration in a group had positive influence on students¡¦ self- discipline. According to the research results, the suggestions for educators were as follows. 1. Give students opportunities of expressing themselves in writings to balance the function of oral communication. 2. Use Homeroom Teacher¡¦s Time well to put law education into practice in daily life. 3. Make the disciplinary policy in cooperation between the teacher and students. Notice the power of the teacher to avoid indulgence. 4. Keep teaching records, and adjust according to students¡¦ needs. 5. Make reference to law-related websites to combine life with learning. 6. Use counseling strategies properly to help students perceive knowledge and carry it out in daily life. 7. Communicate the ideas of class management with students¡¦ parents to avoid any misunderstandings.

Abstract This study is based on social capital theory and we made used of the concept of community action as the output of the proposition of social capital theory. The purposes of the study are to discuss rural community elites¡¦ social capital and the application of social capital theory in the participation of community action. In the strategies of analysis, we used community role as an indicator to measure the level of social capital and the participation of community action, and then present the differentiation of rural community elites. In practice operation, social capital could be measuring with two dimensions, including social tie, social network and the social capital of the bridge role (cognitions, trust, and support). The measurement of the participation of community action is based on the concept of community development. And we made use of the indicator¡Xcommunity role to measure the differentiation of rural community elites participation in community action. This study was conducted in three rural communities in the edge of Kaohsiung Metropolitan¡XTashe town, Jenwu town, and Yenchao town.76 valid samples were surveyed .We also made use of the community role as an indicator to separate the rural community elites into five categories, as a comparison and analysis. And this includes: the township office administrators, the local representative, primary school principles, the leaders of social groups, and the directors of community development association. There are four main findings in this study: First, the results to experiment shows that there are some differentiations between the community role of rural community elites in the concepts of social network and the social capital, especially it expressed significantly on the local representative. Second, there are some differentiations when the rural community elites take part in different extent of their community action. But there is no differentiation between the participation of the whole community action. Third, social network is a form of social capital. However, in order to become a form of social capital must work with actions. It causes resources mobility in social network. Also, there will be some differentiations between the community roles if it makes use of social network as social capital by affecting community action. The final one, as the cognitions, trust, and support to the bridge roles of the community by rural community elites, causes their participation of community action. In other words, the social capital owned by the bridge roles affects the degree of rural community elites¡¦ participation of community action. Keyword: social capital, community elite, social network, community action

With the social progress in Taiwan, people have a wider choice of forms of recreation. Many changes have taken place in Taiwan's theaters since 1980 when theaters set up sequentially. Although some theaters have grown up and some vanished, as a form of recreation, the role of theater art has become more and more important. A theater has to count on box office to survive. In Taiwan, a main income of theater is the box office, which is chiefly concerned with its marketing strategies. In the past few years, performing arts groups have gradually adopted the business concepts of administration and marketing. It is impossible for the audience to perceive the full content and quality of a performance before making a purchase decision. Instead, the audience has to depend on past experiences, praises from others, or the promotional messages to support the decision. Among those, a theater can have a large control over the promotional messages sent out through their marketing channels. The traditional marketing strategies emphasized on delivering messages to target markets, but neglected their consistency. Thus, the communications elements, such as advertising, direct marketing, sale promotion, public relations, etc., were executed respectively, and could not approach the optimal effectiveness. Hence, Integrated Marketing Communication (IMC) rose up in 1990s and brought a new trend in marketing. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the IMC application in Ping-Fong Action Troupe by case study and in-depth interview. In the end, the researcher summarizes the IMC application in Ping-Fong Action Troupe on each tool, exams the consistency, and states researcher's own advices.

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This thesis is based on an action research of ¡§2006 Performing Arts Marketing Platform¡¨ in Taichung City. Combining theories with practical work to analyze the performing arts marketing channels of Taichung, the researcher tried to improve the administration skills and to exam the possibilities of accomplish the project. Within nearly 10 months of project execution, the researcher served as the project manager and helped 20 performing groups to promote their productions in Taichung City. The data were collected by using shorthand notes, self-examination, responses from performing groups, evaluation forms, interviews, working journals, proceedings of meetings, etc. The results showed that the Performing Arts Marketing Platform of Taichung City was truly practicable. It not only increased the box office of performing companies, but also received positive responses from National Culture and Art Foundation and the performing companies. The researcher comprehended how the platform operated, and what are the effective marketing channels to promote performing arts in Taichung through the work. Two suggestions were raised from this study: It is important to take care every detail and use creative mind to develop a marketing strategy. In order to maximize marketing effect, the executor should fix the strategy according to the environment changes, and adopt governmental resources efficiently. Furthermore, the government should support the project continually, extend the outcomes and minimize the ¡§gap¡¨ between two projects. We should all face the difficult positions of arts administrators and diminish the insufficient manpower. Frankly, the spirit of this project is to create a platform for people to share their resources.

Knowledge has been recognized as one of the most important valuable resources for organizational competitiveness in our information society. Consequently, many organizations are implementing knowledge management systems. Yet, as the old saying ¡§actions speak louder than words¡¨ suggest, they are finding out that the actual level of knowledge sharing has lacked behind the espoused excitement. In this study, we attempt to investigate the psychological mechanisms that underlie people¡¦s inaction in knowledge sharing knowledge even though they understand the benefit. Specifically, we focus on the relationship between individual¡¦s cognition and behavior of knowledge sharing in a virtual community. The site that we choose for observation is SCTNet (http://sctnet.edu.tw/index.htm), which is a website designed for sharing knowledge by teachers of primary and middle-high schools. It allows them to upload/download files and to provide electronic forums for sharing their innovations. This study applies the Theory of Planned Behavior and the Action Control Theory to examine factors that may influence individual¡¦s intention and behavior of knowledge sharing in a virtual community. The results are useful to understand the dynamics of knowledge sharing in virtual community and provide insights for mangers of knowledge management systems. Keywords¡GKnowledge Management, Theory of Planned Behavior, Action Control Theory

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Various works have demonstrated the usage of action as a critical component in allowing autonomous agents to learn about objects in the environment. The importance of memory becomes evident when these agents try to learn about complex objects. This necessity primarily stems from the fact that simpler agents behave reactively to stimuli in their attempt to learn about the nature of the object. However, complex objects have the property of giving rise to temporally varying sensory data as the agent interacts with the object. Therefore, reactive behavior becomes a hindrance in learning these complex objects, thus, prompting the need for memory. A straightforward approach to memory, visual memory, is where sensory data is directly represented. Another mechanism is skill-based memory or habit formation. In the latter mechanism the sequence of actions performed for a task is retained. The main hypothesis of this thesis is that since action seems to play an important role in simple perceptual understanding it may also serve as a good memory representation. In order to test this hypothesis a series of comparative tests were carried out to determine the merits of each of these representations. It turns out that skill memory performs significantly better at recognition tasks than visual memory. Furthermore, it was demonstrated in a related experiment that action forms a good intermediate representation of the sensory data. This provides support to theories that propose that various sensory modalities can ideally be represented in terms of action. This thesis successfully extends action to the role of understanding of complex objects.