Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) in tradition is narrow defined the communication of information between human and machines. Because the limited of the HCI's speed and the natural level, it needs to use the medium form such as symbol instructions and buttons to express the intent of human. In recent year, the trend of HCI development will be focused on human, with directly computing, determining, and displaying technologies progress, and constantly innovation. Somatosensory equipment not only breaks through the limit of HCI but also the mode of interaction of traditional equipment. Somatosensory equipment can retrieve images through the infrared projector or visible camera, capture the human motion and action, and increase its interaction for natural and intuition. But unfortunately, most of systems are limited to a unique application for special areas, and only detected specific sequences of actions. Once changing the interaction of applications then users have to rewrite the action sequences recognition program to satisfy the somatosensory demands. System cannot be defined human action sequences flexible according the applications request of users, the production process is complex and the scope of application is narrow. This thesis presents an Authoring Tool of Vision-based Somatosensory Action (ATVISA) to improve the drawback. Users can define the human action sequences by the graphical interface, customize the visual detection quickly and recognize correspond to the Somatosensory Action. Till the Somatosensory equipment detects the defined action sequences, triggering the correspond event and dealing with the event request. This thesis employs ATVISA applied to the action sequences and three rehabilitation projects, that with the flexibility and diversification. Users also can compile human action sequences with professional expertise to application to area of education, game, rehabilitation, and so on.

The introduction of a new appraisal system has been seen as a common practice for firms to map its strategic goals and organizational objectives. Such a practice can be seen as a kind of organizational change. Previous studies on the introduction of new appraisal system tend to adopt a cross-sectional approach to examine the effect of the new appraisal system from various dimensions. In the mean time, how the new appraisal system is forming and how the member of organizations affect the shaping of the appraisal system are basically neglected. In order to fill this gap, this research adopted a longitudinal perspective to examine how a sub-business unit (SBU) of L Company introduced a new appraisal system. We particularly concerns how this new appraisal system is shaping, why the leader of this SBU introduced a new appraisal system, how employees react to the introduction of this new system, how leaders and employees perceive the change of the appraisal system. A grounded approach was implemented to explore the introduction process of this new appraisal system. Action research was used as the main research method. Information was collected from the participation of the introduction of the new appraisal system based on interview, observation, field log, and internal data of the firm. In this study, we find that the introduction of new appraisal system was driven by the change of external environment and the motivation of the leader of the SBU. Additionally, employees would resist the change of the new appraisal system. Such a resistance was caused by the change of routine, the perception of the reasonability and the sense of equities. The new appraisal system, in essence, was the outcome of the communication between the leader and the employees of this SBU. At last, leader and employees viewed appraisal system differently. The leader saw the new appraisal system as a means to realize strategies, while employees tended to perceive the change of appraisal system as a punishment.

In recently years, the online short films has become the most popular activity among the netizens of Taiwan. It was due to the improvement of online streaming technology, the increasing of network bandwidth, and the widespread of mobile device. Besides, the video recording and editing equipment have getting cheaper, and also more user-friendly. All these transformations have turned one-way passive audience into two-way positive ¡§Prosumer¡¨. The rising of online short films is the breakthrough of the traditional movie production, which empowered ordinary people to create their own videos. And, YouTube is the most popular ¡§stage¡¨ for amateur videos. Both the ¡§Cathedral style¡¨ videos of specialists and ¡§Bazaar style¡¨ videos of amateurs coexist and prosperous on the video-sharing website. The researcher, as a video amateur, was very curious about the ¡§carnivalization¡¨ of the online short films, and hope to investigate this effect through practice. This research takes the action research as the main research approach, and the content analysis as the supplement. The research process is divided into two stages. At the first stage, researcher analyzed the video content of ¡§YouTube¡¦s most viewed video¡¨ in order to find out what elements do these high click-through rate videos have in common. At the Second stage, the researcher implemented the action research base on the results of previous content analysis. The videos made by the researcher categorize as business-oriented and non-commercial oriented, in order to discover how these online short films constructed the carnivalization of the audience. The findings of this research could summarize into three main points. First, there are four important elements of YouTube¡¦s most viewed videos, which are ¡§music¡¨, ¡§love affair¡¨, ¡§joy¡¨ and ¡§story¡¨. Second, the business-oriented online short films construct the carnivalization of audience by ¡§culture identity¡¨, ¡§anti-normal performance¡¨, and ¡§sex appeal¡¨. Third, the non-commercial oriented online short films construct the carnivalization of audience by ¡§phonetic difference" game, ¡§nationalism¡¨, and ¡§cussing¡¨. Both of the carnival factors can be used in business-oriented or non-commercial oriented films, but the operating skills and strategy are quite different.

This study discusses third grade elementary school children¡¦s growth in mathematics ability through a mathematics curriculum integrated with problem posing. By applying action research method, this study tries to find out the participating teacher¡¦s progress in her teaching method. In particular, also to find out the problems that may arise from carrying out problem- posing instruction, the possible solutions to these problems, and the problem-posing activities that can be readily applied in classroom setting. The time this study takes, from identifying the problem to the point of retreating from the research setting, is about one year. During this year, the investigator used various methods to collect data: interviews, video recordings of class teaching, teachers¡¦ notes and recordings, and children mathematics diaries. He included research-related surveys and triangulation for data analysis. It is found that, the teacher has to do more than having a firm grasp of the teaching materials, but also to attend to the teaching processes, the timing of introducing the critical questions related to the main points, and the ability to conduct a discussion atmosphere that is conducive for the students¡¦ growth. Most important of all, the mindset has to be changed from a teacher-oriented one to a more student-oriented set. Compared to the original teaching without problem posing, it is found that students became more active in class discussions, and showed more logic in their solutions. They debated about mathematics problems instead of aimless quarreling. Moreover, the content of the problem-posing products become more creative and no longer mechanical. In addition, students¡¦ solution processes were no longer by imitation, but instead, showing expressions of elaborated thoughts. All these show that the integration of problem-posing instruction has increased students¡¦ interests and motivation in studying mathematics.

This report describes an action research project that was designed to determine the effect of using the multiple intelligences theory in the junior high school English class. Through a review of the multiple intelligences theory combined with analysis of its relation with English teaching, the researcher tried to design MI-based English teaching activities, construct the MI-based English instruction program and furthermore bring it into practice. The subjects consisted of thirty-three second-grade students selected from the researcher¡¦s junior high school in Kaohsiung. The MI-based English instruction program included twelve learning units in daily lessons and three cooperative learning projects. At the research period of twenty-three weeks, the data were collected through teacher observation records, students¡¦ learning reflections, teaching journals, MI-based worksheets, interviews, Multiple Intelligences Strategy Appraisal for English Learning, and English Learning Experience Questionnaire. The accumulations and analysis of the research results indicated a satisfaction of students¡¦ diversity and a significant improvement in several aspects including students¡¦ learning motivations, learning for understanding, memorizing learning materials, using English learning strategies, creating authentic learning environment, an improvement in English abilities, and understanding different cultures. The MI-based English instruction showed a positive learning atmosphere so students accepted the MI-based teaching model, and then hoped the researcher to keep the teaching model in the future. However, the research result also indicated that students learned the diverse English learning strategies, but they were unable to use the strategies very well. Besides, a few students with negative attitudes toward MI-based teaching hoped to be taught individually. The multiple intelligences theory is close to teachers¡¦ teaching experience that students learn in diverse ways. It provides a useful framework for teachers to organize all kinds of teaching methods. Moreover, the multiple intelligences theory is not just an idea. It is practicable for teachers to carry it out in daily lessons to solve the problems about students¡¦ diversity.

Collective Action , National Teachers' Association R.O.C

As on-line technology advances, many colleges and educational institutes start offering e-learning courses to attract students taking classes online. E-learning is getting popular and this is an irreversible trend. The more e-learning courses offered by schools, the more competitive it becomes on student recruitment. Therefore, from marketing standpoint, how to distinguish it from others, how to offer better quality e-learning courses, and how to attract more students by recruitment marketing, have been crucial to these schools. The study was conducted by Action Research approach. The main purpose is to find out types of marketing strategies available to a school using marketing mix on offering e-learning courses. The problems and difficulties, an e-learning school will face when executing these marketing strategies, are also investigated. The study tries to address these issues and several solutions are recommended. The result will be an important guideline for any school offering e-learning courses on recruiting students.

The purpose of this research is to explore the aspects of abilities of mathematics communication of grade two students in the elementary school, including spoken understanding and as well as written and figural understanding. This researcher adopted action research, having the investigator implemented two months teaching. After referring to mathematics teaching materials grade two, the researcher designed four units. During the period of research, the teacher utilized a variety ways to collect data, such as; video recording, audio recording, questionnaires, reflective notes, observation records and student activities sheets. Eventually, the teacher made qualitative analyzes and explored methods of improvement on her ways of teaching. The results of this research illustrated seven aspects of spoken language expression of understanding. The students were weak in listening; dare to express their opinions; put forward queries regarding teacher's or schoolmates¡¦ questions; some were unable to raise conceptual related questions; when students made exchanges they needed help from the teacher, students spoke with low or vague voice; and, finally, students replied intermittently or silently. Besides the above seven findings on spoken language, there are four findings of phenomena in written and figural understanding. First, students were able to examine mistakes or others¡¦ mistakes according to the record on blackboard. Moreover, the students even can put forward the queries on others¡¦ problem solving records. Yet, they were capable of understanding others¡¦ mathematics records and explained others¡¦ ideas.

This study is base on the concept of social capital to discuss the dispersion and integration of social capital in different community actions. And try to understand the elements of social capital by the survey of the residents in community action. Further more, to indicate the background, status, participation and role to community organization and activities of all residents. Also, what all can be used in community action, include human, finance and other resources. This study tries to looking for the model of dispersion and integration of social capital through the mobilization of resources in different community action. The purposes of this study are,(1) to research the model and origin of social capital in community, (2) discussing the way to get social capital by the different kind of residents, and how it make the dispersion and integration to social capital, (3) to research why the dispersed social capital integrated to community elites. For these purposes, Chi-San Town is choice to be the area for empirical survey. In the discussion of relative theory, the concepts of social capital, community action theory and social network theory will help to analysis the mobilization of social capital. Through the demand and need to public affair, the assistant network is established in the survey of 214 residents in Chi-San Town. This network is the base structure and relation of the mobilization of social capital. Furthermore, it will be used to examine the effect and degree of resources mobilization in different community actions. The assistant network of public affair can be used to observe the dispersion and integration of social capital. When community action is processing, social capital will be integrated to the elite of residents. Residents will give the resources what the community action can use to the persons who used to assist in the demand for public affair. Through this network, community action will be more efficiency. Different community action will result in different mobilization model and degree for social capital. By this way, social capital can be observed. The social capital embedded personal relationship can be used when community act and integrate to the elite of residents.

After the researcher listened to the voices of curriculum, texts and teachers, who found that language fields of mandarin in primary school was generally ignored the teaching of 'listen and speak'. And also, very few relevant researches can be found. Therefore, second grade pupils of primary school, taught by the researcher, were selected as the collective subjects of the study. Based on the example of ¡¥Talking Carnival¡¦ (the material complied by the researcher), to proceed with 21 sections of ¡¥Listen and Talking Courses¡¦. Furthermore, via the mode of action research, to probe into the following three directions and degree actively is the main purpose of this research: 1.To probe into the relevant and essential factors of ¡¥Listen and Talking Courses¡¦ teaching design. 2.To interpret the process of curriculum implementation and reflective revision of ¡¥Listen and Taking Courses¡¦. 3.To evaluate the study effect and restriction of ¡¥Listen to and Taking Courses¡¦ Relating to three study programs- ¡¥Knock the Door¡¦¡B¡¥Open the Door¡¦ and ¡¥Enter the Door¡¦, the researcher tracked and reflected on the teaching design¡Bcurriculum implementation and revision was all explained in the process of research. In addition, via all the qualitative data collection (observational records¡Breflective journals¡Bpupils¡¦ scrapbooks¡B pupils¡¦ mood-diary¡B parents/pupils investigated questionnaires and etc.) to interpret¡Banalyze¡Bconclude and summarize. And, the result of study is found as follows: A: The part of teaching design: 1.Curriculum design adopted the naturalistic process. (Glatthorn, 1987). According to build up high-quality experiences of talking, synchronously, to proceed the choices of goal¡Bactivity and material. 2.In accordance with the teaching of listen and talking, to carry out goal management and analysis in order to conform to the principles of curriculum¡¦s vertical organization. 3.In the initial stage, it could be started by imitation. It could be revised, gradually; it can be built up to personal style. 4.The curriculum of ¡¥Listen and Talking¡¦ for lower grade pupils can be designed as game activities, which can fit in with the pupils development of body and mind. B: The part of curriculum implementation: 1.Examine teachers¡¦ viewpoints: to establish a new relationship (as teacher and also as a friend). The efficiency of teaching at random is greater than the existing plan. Had students to try making mistakes, then, to propose the possible solution. Five kinds of teaching concepts, such as interactive question-and-answer drill¡Blittle stimulation¡Bgreat motivation and etc., was the way to promote the teaching efficiency of ¡¥Listen and Talking¡¦. 2.Convey pupils¡¦ viewpoints: the learning of initiative¡Bthe function of game-teaching, the promotion of cooperative learning¡Bthe production of scaffolding¡Bthe display of multiple intelligences are all additional learning of the curriculum of ¡¥Listen and Talking¡¦ C: The part of the efficiency and restriction: 1.Implementing innovative curriculum of ¡¥Talking Carnival¡¦, the ones that can really build and construct pupils¡¦ concentration¡Bmemory¡Bimitation¡Blasting¡Bsensitivity¡Bcomprehension. 2.Implementing innovative curriculum of ¡¥Talking Carnival¡¦ can really improve pupils¡¦ speak ability and promote fluent speaking and steady demeanor. 3.Because of the restriction of curriculum materials and activity design, there is limited space of the development in the area of ¡¥speaking response and the power of expression¡¦. Besides, the full text adopted the narration and based on 208 talking groups¡¦ establishment as a main body, to link from ¡¥initial¡¦¡B¡¥conversation¡¦¡B¡¥appearance¡¦¡B ¡¥performance¡¦ ¡B¡¥seminar¡¦ and ¡¥spread¡¦. Due to this innovative way of writing, with any luck, it can offer a new life for this study. Key Words: Speaking Teaching, Listening Teaching, Curriculum Implementation, Action Research.