This study presents an analysis of the processes of representation and translation involved in the practice of the Validation des Acquis de l’Expérience (VAE), or Recognition of Prior Experiential Learning, in a French University. This analysis is based on a qualitative research using semi-structured interviews with VAE candidates, advisers and academic staff, and recorded interactions between candidates and their advisers, and the validation juries. The research was at first influenced by the life history and educational biographies perspective (Josso 2001; Dominicé 2002; Pineau 2002), which privileged a dialogic approach. This has led to the decision to let the candidates tell their story of ordering struggle, where the resistance, dissidence and controversies circulate within and around the VAE ‘object’. This study is interested in the ordering modes enacted through the VAE and their relational effects with subjectivities. The analysis draws on Callon’s (1986) four moments of translation, as a way to give an initial frame of reference for the research. It presents the actors’ voices in a sequence of accounts, disrupted by the researcher’s running commentaries. It also focusses on the role the portfolio plays in ‘ordering’ the heterogeneous elements of the candidates’ lives, subjecting them to a form of ‘disciplinary writing’ through ‘technologies of the self’, whereby subjectivities are mobilised into specific modes of ordering. It analyses how the VAE becomes a stabilized network (Star 1991), insisting on speaking with a unitary voice, erasing the multiplicity of selves and the messy realities of the candidates’ lives, until the heterogeneous elements of the network escape again. Finally the study seeks to investigate further the recognition of heterogeneity, the possibility of multiplicity of cultures and agencies, multiple identities.

Cette thèse s'inscrit dans le cadre d'un contrat CIFRE en partenariat avec la Fédération Régionale de la Coopération Agricole du Languedoc-Roussillon (FRCA LR). Elle porte sur l'ambiguïté du lien entre la performance organisationnelle et le recours aux Technologies de l'Information et de la Communication (TIC). Plus précisément, la démarche a consisté en un essai d'observation et d'interprétation des interactions entre un outil d'intelligence collective, en l'occurrence un système d'indicateurs en ligne, et le réseau des coopératives agricoles du Languedoc-Roussillon. Les enseignements de cette recherche-action ont conduit à dépasser les approches théoriques classiques relevant de l'acceptation et de l'appropriation. C'est pourquoi la théorie de l'acteur réseau a été mobilisée. Elle a montré que le recours à l'opération de traduction a induit en l'occurrence des interactions qui dépassent les objectifs intentionnels formulés au départ par la FRCA LR. Il y a là un effet surprise puisque l'outil apparait comme support d'intelligence collective en ce sens qu'il révèle quatre facettes : outil inducteur, outil symbole, outil référence et outil prétexte. Ainsi la thèse montre que le recours aux TIC peut favoriser la performance organisationnelle dans la mesure où il permet un recentrage sur l'Humain et sur l'Information comprise dans toute sa subjectivité. / The present thesis makes part of the CIFRE contract in partnership with the Regional Agricultural Cooperation Federation of Languedoc-Roussillon (FRCA LR). It deals with the ambiguity around the link between the organizational performance and the use of Information and Communication Technologies (TIC). More precisely, the procedure consisted of an essay of observation and interactions interpretation namely an online indicators system between a collective intelligence tool and the agricultural cooperatives network of Languedoc-Roussillon. The teachings of this research-action have led to overpass the classical theoretical approaches falling under the acceptation and the appropriation. Therefore, the Actor Network Theory has been mobilized. It has shown that the use of the translation operation has induced interactions that overpass the intentional objectives formulated initially by the FRCA LR. Here comes a surprise effect since the tool appears as a collective intelligence support in the sense of revealing four facets: inductor tool, symbol tool, reference tool and pretext tool. Hence, the thesis shows that the use of TIC could promote the organizational performance in the measure of allowing a refocus on the Human and on the Information understood in its full subjectivity.

Det pågår ett skifte där varor har skiftat mot en mer tjänsteinriktad marknad som påverkar allt flera branscher, bland annat affärssystembranschen. Det produktorienterade synsättet har ersatts av Service Dominant (S-D) logik, där värde samskapas av aktörer i ett aktör-till-aktör nätverk. Denna utveckling kommer påverka aktörerna: kund, affärssystempartner och affärssystemleverantör, som är de aktörer som traditionellt ingår i ett aktör-till-aktör nätverk inom affärssystembranschen. Studien syftar till att skapa förståelse kring hur affärssystempartners och affärssystemleverantöres roller i aktör-till-aktör nätverket kommer förändras när affärssystem levereras som en molntjänst. Samt hur detta kommer påverka aktörernas relation till varandra. Studien har identifierat utmaningar som molnbaserade affärssystem kommer föra med sig för affärssystempartners och affärssystemleverantörer. Molnbaserade affärssystem har påverkat affärssystempartners och affärssystemleverantörers roller och sätt att arbeta. Främst affärssystempartners roll då deras arbetsuppgifter ersätts av andra aktörer. / A shift is taking place where goods has shifted towards a more service-oriented market that affects several industries, including the enterprise industry. The product-oriented approach has been replaced by Service Dominant (S-D) logic, where value is cocreated by multiple actors in an actor-to-actor network. This development will affect the actors: customer, ERP partner and ERP vendor, which traditionally are a part of the actor-to-actor network in the business of enterprise industry. The purpose of the study is to understand how the roles of ERP partners and ERP vendors will change in the actor-to-actor network when ERP are delivered as a cloud ERP. And how this will affect the actor’s relationship to each other. The study has identified challenges that cloud ERP will bring for ERP partners and ERP vendors. Cloud ERP have influenced the roles of ERP partners and ERP vendors, and their ways of working. Primarily ERP partners' role, as they risk being replaced by other actors.

Les raves sont des événements festifs gagnant en popularité chez des jeunes adultes qui y consomment des drogues pour un usage récréatif. Cette consommation chez des jeunes qui sont généralement en bonne santé engendre une morbidité et une mortalité évitables. Des recherches menées depuis les 20 dernières années suggèrent de déployer des interventions de réduction des méfaits dans les raves, sans toutefois élaborer les conditions de l’environnement qui sont favorables à une telle pratique. Le but de cette recherche est de décrire l’environnement physique et social de raves publiques de grande envergure afin d’identifier des repères pouvant contribuer à l’introduction d’une pratique infirmière de proximité de réduction des méfaits dans un tel milieu. Cette recherche exploratoire de type qualitatif descriptif interprétatif (Thorne, 2016) s’appuie sur des repères théoriques du cadre socio-écologique de Bronfenbrenner (1979) et sur la Théorie de l’Acteur-réseau. Située dans un champ épistémologique constructiviste pragmatiste, cette étude comporte une entrée progressive sur le terrain de trois raves publiques de type festival de musique électronique dans la grande région de Montréal, Canada en 2016-2017, et un processus itératif de collecte et d’analyse de données. Le constat principal de la recherche est que l’environnement physique et social du type de rave étudié comporte une dynamique de plaisir surveillé au travers de laquelle les divers acteurs en interaction poursuivent des intérêts différents qui se traduisent par des méfaits potentiels ou réels à réduire. Ainsi, pour concevoir une pratique infirmière de proximité de réduction des méfaits qui soit viable, il s’agirait d’en assurer la contextualisation par l’analyse attentive des interactions qui lient les acteurs et leurs usages d’objets matériaux ou symboliques dans l’espace physique de la rave. Comprendre le rôle, l’identité, la position sociale et les atouts de chaque acteur permettrait de se situer à l’interface de divers intérêts et méfaits à réduire. La pratique infirmière de proximité de réduction des méfaits dans une rave serait ainsi celle d’un acteur stratégique à l’interface d’un complexe de méfaits à réduire dans l’optique de création de nouvelles ententes de collaboration. Partant de l’idée que l’environnement est constitutif de la pratique infirmière, cette recherche répond au besoin de développer des connaissances sur le concept d’Environnement dans la discipline. / Raves are festive events that are increasingly popular among young adults. Recreational drug use among young adults that are otherwise known as healthy, has been associated with avoidable morbidity and mortality. Research conducted over the last 20 years suggests the implementation of harm reduction initiatives in raves. However, little is known as to how this particular environment could be conducive to such interventions. The purpose of this research is to describe the physical and social environment of large-scale public raves in order to identify conditions that could be favourable to the introduction of a harm reduction nursing outreach practice in this setting. An interpretive and descriptive qualitative research design (Thorne, 2016) based on Bronfenbrenner’s socioecological framework (1979), Actor-Network Theory concepts and pragmatic constructivist epistemology, was conducted in the greater Montreal area, Canada, in 2016-2017. Gradual entry into the three public raves that qualify as “electronic music festivals” was combined with an iterative process of data collection and analysis. The main finding of this exploratory study is that the physical and social environment of large-scale public raves comprises a dynamic coupling of pleasure and surveillance interactions through which diverse actors each pursue different interests. These interests convey, respectively, different kinds of potential or actual harms to reduce. Thus, a viable harm reduction nursing outreach practice would require careful analysis of the interactions that connect actors with the material or symbolic objects that they use in the physical confines of the rave to ensure its contextualisation in this particular environment. Close attention to the role, identity, social position, and potential assets of each actor could help nurses to situate themselves at the interface of various interests and harms to reduce. A rave located harm reduction nursing outreach practice would then appear as strategic action, at the interface of a nexus of harms to reduce, that attempts to build collaborative arrangements. Taking on the idea that environments are constitutive of nursing practice, this study recognises the need to further develop disciplinary knowledge about the concept of Environment in nursing.

The subject of this diploma thesis is Dialogical acting with the inner partner, which understands itself as psychosomatic introspective and self-developing discipline founded by Ivan Vyskočil. I approach dialogical acting through three conceptualizations of objects - as networks, fluid objects and fire objects. With these I explore different ways in which dialogical acting holds its shape as a discipline. I focus on the creation and continuous re-enactment of dialogical acting and its ambiguous relation to its founder Ivan Vyskočil. I analyze the stability and fluidity of rules that shape and define boundaries of the discipline and describe dialogical acting as a set of relations of changing entities and realities that are present and absent, and as passages that are enacted by the rearrangements of multiple specificities. I try to capture tensions that constitute the discipline. Dialogical acting aims at being an open discipline without rules. As rules re-emerge and tend to stabilize, the discipline develops strategies in the process of transferring knowledge that seek to destabilize the rules. Findings and conclusions of this thesis are based on participative observation of dialogical acting in the courses that take place on The Theatre Faculty of the Academy of Performing Arts in Prague, on...

The purpose of this thesis is to identify practices that constitute plastic surgery in current Republic of Korea with emphasis put on relationships between participating human beings, materials and technologies. It focuses on practices proceeding inside and outside the clinic of plastic surgery. In accordance with M. Lock's concept of local biology this thesis introduces Korean plastic surgery as a set of practices shaped by mutual interaction of local technologies and Korean bodies. The actor network theory approach (ANT), which emphasizes relational open-ended forming of entities, is applied to examining various aspects of plastic surgery. This approach also provides new ways of exploring how the entities and practices described in the medical anthropology as medicalization, medical tourism or local biology are produced. Key words plastic surgery; Republic of Korea; Actor - Network Theory (ANT); bodily practices; local biology; beauty ideal; medicalization.

There is a general recognition within the social sciences that extensive mobility challenges how we perceive the notion of home. With this idea as its starting point, this thesis explores how situations of hardship impact the ways in which mobile professionals negotiate and construct their homes. The actor-network theory (ANT) has been used as the means to explore the interactions between the people who inform this study and the multidimensional characteristics of the hardship setting. Through individual, open-ended interviews, the research draws upon the experiences of five international civil servants from the United Nations (UN) system of organizations who are assigned to hardship duty stations. Applying ANT to the empirical material drew the attention to the identification of five principal entities (or actors) that come into play in the negotiation of home construction, namely the civil servant, [in]security, mobility, ownership and social relations. The influence of the various nonhuman actors on home construction varied according to the individual and their transnational ties and professional status – those with family nuclei tended to situate their homes in terms of territoriality, whereas for others, factors such as privacy, materiality and social interaction weighed more heavily in the act of creating home.

Kollaborativ konsumtion och bildelningstjänster är två fenomen som under de senaste åren blivit allt mer populära som ett sätt att bemöta hållbarhetskrisen. Bildelningstjänster är en form av kollaborativ konsumtion och är ofta drivna av kommersiella krafter. Syftet med tjänsterna är att erbjuda kunder moderna och hållbarhetsdrivna lösningar som ett alternativ till det privata bilägandet. I användandet av bildelningstjänster uppstår interaktioner mellan olika aktörer, mänskliga såväl som icke-mänskliga, både direkt- och indirekt. I användningen av bildelningstjänster och i dessa interaktioner, skapas en upplevelse för användarna. Genom en enkät och nio semistrukturerade intervjuer med användare av bildelningstjänster, studerar vi i denna studie, dessa upplevelser. Användarupplevelsemål och delade användarupplevelser, samt aktör-nätverksteori används som teoretiska ramverk för att analysera och diskutera den insamlade datan. I denna studie drar vi slutsatsen att användandet av bildelningstjänster inte enbart handlar om användarens individuella upplevelse av att använda bilen och mobilapplikationen. Användandet av bildelningstjänster består av flera samverkande faktorer som påverkarvarandra och som tillsammans påverkar användarupplevelsen. Slutligen ger studien ytterligare insikter i hur aktörer påverkar förarens användarupplevelse av bildelningstjänster. Med kunskapen om hur förarens upplevelse, i användandet av bildelningstjänster, påverkas av både mänskliga och icke-mänskliga aktörer. Dessa aktörer utgörs för omfånget av denna studie den mobila applikationen, bilen, kundtjänsten, den tidigare föraren och passagerarna. / Collaborative consumption, shared mobility, and car sharing services are three modern phenomena that in recent years have become a popular way to respond to the sustainability crisis. Carsharing services are a subcategory of collaborative consumption and are often driven by commercial forces. The aim of the services is to offer modern and sustainably-driven solutions to users as an alternative to private car ownership. In the use of carsharing services, an interaction occurs between different actors, human as well as non-human actors, both direct- and indirect. These interactions generate a user experience which this thesis aims to study through a survey and nine semistructured interviews with users of carsharing services. User experience goals, shared user experience, as well as Actor-network theory, is used as theoretical frameworks to analyze and discuss the collected data. Through this study, we conclude that the act of using car sharing services isn’t solely an individual experience between the users and the artifacts such as the car or the mobile application. Instead, the use of carsharing services often consists of several collaborating actors who influence each other and together affect the user experience. Lastly, the study contributes further insights into how actors affect the driver's user experience of carsharing services. With the knowledge of how the driver's experiences in the use of carsharing services are affected by both human and non-human actors. These actors consist of the mobile application, the car, previous users, customer service, and passengers.

[pt] Esta dissertação busca olhar para o espaço das redes transnacionais religiosas sob a perspectiva da Sociologia Política Internacional. Através do caso paradigmático da construção da Igreja Universal do Reino de Deus (IURD) como ator transnacional e sua transnacionalização para a África, procuro oferecer elementos para entender o lugar dessas redes na política mundial. Muitos estudiosos pensaram que a importância da religião desapareceria da política com o advento da modernização. No entanto, as tradições religiosas se adaptaram aos novos tempos, ressignificando o espaço da religião na sociedade. As redes transnacionais religiosas são resultado desse processo de adaptação. No Brasil, o movimento de transnacionalização religiosa que mais teve destaque foi o das redes neopentecostais, como o da IURD, que se intensificaram a partir da década de 1980. Em uma abordagem de redes de religião como fenômenos transnacionais, vemos que elas produzem efeitos na política mundial que nos permitem modificar a forma como se pode olhar para as relações políticas e sociais, e, por vezes, desafiar o próprio sistema de estados. / [en] This dissertation seeks to look at the space of transnational religious networks from the perspective of International Political Sociology. Through the paradigmatic case of the construction of the Universal Church of the Kingdom of God (IURD) as a transnational actor and its transnationalization for Africa, I try to offer elements to understand the place of these networks in world politics. Many scholars thought that the importance of religion would disappear from politics with the advent of modernization. However, religious traditions have adapted to new times, giving new meaning to the space of religion in society. Transnational religious networks are the result of this adaptation process. In Brazil, the movement of religious transnationalization that stood out the most was that of neopentecostal networks, such as that of the IURD, which intensified from the 1980s onwards. In an approach of religious networks as transnational phenomena, we see that they produce effects on world politics that allow us to modify the way we can look at political and social relations, and sometimes to challenge the state system itself.

The purpose of this thesis is to examine how six different art museums are working on digitizing their collections, and how they are made available to the public. To answer the purpose, three research questions were formulated; how the museums work with digitization, what is digitized and which programs and guidelines are used, and how the digitized material is made available to the public on the websites. The museums examined in this thesis are Nationalmuseum in Stockholm, the Rijksmuseum in Amsterdam, the Smithsonian Institution in Washington D.C., Moderna Museet in Stockholm, the National Palace Museum Taiwan in Taipei and the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York. Prior to the study, previous research on digital humanities, digitization in museums, and the role of museums and their approach to digital collections, were studied. The theoretical framework used in the analysis consists of theories regarding “New media” and digital humanities, theories about “The museum process” and Actor-network theory, ANT. The method used is qualitative content analysis and semiotic image analysis of the museum websites. The results and analysis show that the museum websites differ in terms of design, functions, user-friendliness and collection content. In addition, the museums use different guidelines and software programs in the digitization process of their collections, although there is some overlap. The analysis shows that the Rijksmuseum, the Smithsonian and the National Palace Museum Taiwan are the museums in the study that have made the most progress with digitizing their collections and using interactive elements on their websites. The museum with the least developed digitization work is Moderna Museet, whose search page is the simplest and most standardized in comparison with the other museum websites.