Orientador: Maria da Luz Rosário de Sousa / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-24T14:31:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Zotelli_VeraLuciaRasera_M.pdf: 1355778 bytes, checksum: 0d61f6faec96a327708e19a2f0e4a62a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Resumo: A ocorrência de náusea durante a realização de procedimentos odontológicos constitui uma grande limitação para prover um tratamento dentário de boa qualidade. Objetivo: Avaliar a efetividade do ponto de acupuntura PC6 (Neiguan) no controle do reflexo da náusea durante moldagem intra-oral. Materiais e Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo clínico controlado, duplo cego, realizado na Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba (FOP), Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), em Piracicaba (São Paulo), de fevereiro a agosto de 2013, com 33 voluntários de 19 a 62 anos de idade. O estudo incluiu pacientes adultos, de ambos os sexos, que declararam ter apresentado os sintomas do reflexo da náusea em atendimentos realizados previamente, nos quais houve limitação ou impossibilidade de realização dos procedimentos odontológicos. Os pacientes foram distribuídos aleatoriamente em grupo estudo e controle que receberam, respectivamente, tratamento com acupuntura real e acupuntura sham não penetrante, no acuponto PC6. Os dois grupos tiveram duas moldagens (ou tentativa de moldagem) da arcada superior, sendo uma antes e outra após acupuntura. O grau de náusea foi avaliado antes da acupuntura pelo índice GSI (Gagging Severity Index) e após acupuntura pelo índice pelo índice GPI (Gagging Prevention Index), ambos foram registrados em três estágios da moldagem: 1) quando a moldeira vazia foi provada na boca; 2) quando a moldeira com alginato foi inserida na boca e 3) habilidade de tolerar a moldeira dentro da boca até a presa final do alginato. A náusea também foi avaliada pela Escala Visual Analógica (VAS), antes e após acupuntura. A expectativa dos voluntários para redução da náusea através da acupuntura foi avaliada pela escala Lickert. Na análise estatística foram utilizados os testes t e de correlação de Spearman, (p < 0,05). Resultados: Na avaliação pelos índices GSI/GPI houve diminuição da náusea no grupo acupuntura real (p < 0,01). Na avaliação pela escala VAS a redução de náusea foi semelhante nos dois grupos, (p > 0,05). Não houve correlação entre expectativa e redução de náusea em nenhum dos grupos. Conclusão: O acuponto PC6 foi efetivo no controle da náusea em procedimento de moldagem da arcada superior. A expectativa do paciente não influenciou nos resultados. Acupuntura real foi mais efetiva que acupuntura sham quando avaliadas pelos índices GSI/GPI / Abstract: The occurrence of nausea while performing dental procedures is a major limitation to provide a high quality dental treatment. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness do acupuncture point PC6 (Neiguan) in controlling the gag reflex during intraoral impression taking. Materials and Methods: This was a controlled clinical study, double -blind trial conducted at the Piracicaba Dental School (FOP), State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), in Piracicaba (São Paulo), from February to August 2013. The study was carried out with 33 volunteers aged 19 to 62 years. This study included adult patients of both sexes, who reported having presented gag reflex symptoms on previously made appointments, where there was limited or impossibility of performing dental procedures. They were randomly divided into study and control groups that were treated respectively with real acupuncture and non-penetrating sham acupuncture. The two groups had two upper impressions (or an attempt to make it), being the first one done before and the second one after acupuncture. In both of the groups the gagging reflex assessment was undertaken before acupuncture by the Gagging Severity Index (GSI), and after acupuncture by the Gagging Prevention Index (GPI), at three stages of the impression taking procedure: 1) when the empty impression tray was tried in the mouth; 2) when the loaded tray was inserted into the mouth and 3) the ability to tolerate the impression in the mouth until alginate set. The nausea was also evaluated by the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). The expectation of the volunteers to reduce nausea trough acupuncture was assessed by Lickert scale. In the statistical analysis we used t test and Spearman correlation, (p < 0,05). Results: When using GSI/GPI, in the real acupuncture group the nausea decreased in all the three stages with p < 0,01. Assesment by VAS, there was similar reduction of nausea in both groups with p > 0,05. There was no correlation between expectation and reducing nausea in none of the two groups. Conclusion: The acupoint PC6 was effective to control nausea in upper impression procedure. Real acupuncture was more effective than sham acupuncture when it was assessed by GSI/GPI index. The expectation of the patient has not influenced the results / Mestrado / Saude Coletiva / Mestra em Odontologia

Orientadores: Maria da Luz Rosario de Sousa, Fausto Bérzin / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-26T02:26:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Grillo_CassiaMaria_D.pdf: 1777209 bytes, checksum: 8cd71f39f86b30ba615d729c30b01c08 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Resumo: A dor orofacial crônica mais comum é a Disfunção Tempororomandibular (DTM), onde a limitação dos movimentos mandibulares dificulta atividades como comer, falar, bocejar e rir, com comprometimento no aspecto físico e psicológico dos indivíduos. Acupuntura tem como objetivo tratar o indivíduo como um todo, restabelecendo o equilíbrio físico e emocional, desta forma, pode ser uma opção de tratamento das DTMs. O splint é o tratamento conservador mais indicado para as DTM. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os efeitos da acupuntura comparada ao splint em pacientes com DTM. A amostra foi de 40 mulheres, com DTM (Grupo I (Ia e Ib), de acordo com o RDC/TMD (Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders) e com o desequilíbrio energético predominância da Ascensão do Yang do Fígado, identificado pelo pulso carotídeo-radial (Renying e Cunkou), com idade entre 18 a 45 anos. Foram divididas aleatoriamente em 2 grupos: acupuntura (tratadas com acupuntura manual), e splint (tratadas com splint estabilizador). Avaliou-se o efeito dos tratamentos sobre a atividade elétrica nos músculos masseter superficial e temporal anterior, após o período de 4 semanas, através da atividade eletromiográfica (Root Mean Square ¿ RMS), do limiar de dor a pressão (LDP). Avaliou-se também o comprometimento psicossocial (dor crônica, depressão e somatização ¿ sintomas físicos não específicos incluindo e excluindo itens de dor), através do Eixo II do RDC/TMD. A intensidade de dor foi mensurada pela escala visual analógica (EVA) e a medida de abertura bucal foi avaliada através da medida interincisivos centrais com auxílio de uma régua milimetrada.. Todas as avaliações foram realizadas pré e pós-tratamento. Foi utilizado teste t para amostras pareadas (comparações intragrupos) e teste t para amostras independentes (comparações entre os grupos), com nível de 5% de significância. Acupuntura reduziu a intensidade de dor igual ao splint (p<0,0001), promoveu aumento na medida de abertura bucal (p<0,05), e aumento na média do LDP do masseter esquerdo (p<0,05). O RMS na posição de repouso do temporal anterior direito diminuiu no grupo splint (p<0,05). Observou-se melhora no grau de dor crônica em 53,3% das pacientes da acupuntura e em 60% do splint. Para depressão grau severo a melhora foi em 11,1% das pacientes da acupuntura e 50% do splint. As pacientes com somatização grau severo apresentaram melhora de 16,7% na acupuntura e 44,4% no splint. A Acupuntura reduziu a intensidade de dor igual ao splint e auxiliou na limitação da abertura bucal. Em ambos os grupos (acupuntura e splint) houve melhora dos aspectos psicossomáticos após curto período de tratamentos. Assim, acupuntura pode ser considerada uma estratégia de controle para a dor crônica relacionada à DTM / Abstract: Tempororomandibular Disorder (TMD) is the most common chronic orofacial pain, in which limitation of mandibular movements hinders activities such as eating, talking, yawning and laughing, impairing both physical and psychological aspects of individuals. Acupuncture aims to treat the individual as a whole by restoring physical and emotional balance, therefore, may be a treatment option for TMD. The splint is the most appropriate conservative treatment for TMD. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of acupuncture compared with the splint in patients with TMD. The sample consisted of 40 women aged 18-45 years, with TMD (Group I (Ia and Ib), according to the RDC / TMD (Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders) and unbalanced energy predominance of Liver Yang Ascension, identified by carotid-radial pulse (Renying and Cunkou). Subjects were randomly divided into two groups:. acupuncture (treated with manual acupuncture), and splint (treated with stabilizing splint). After 4 weeks, the effects of treatments on electrical activity in the anterior temporal and superficial masseter muscles were evaluated by means of electromyographic activity (Root Mean Square - RMS). Pressure pain threshold (PPT) and psychosocial impairment (chronic pain, depression and somatization -. nonspecific physical symptoms including and excluding items of pain) were assessed by Axis II of the RDC / TMD; pain intensity was measured by Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). The extent of mouth opening was assessed by taking interincisor plane measurements with a millimetric ruler. All evaluations were performed pre- and post treatment. T-test was used for paired samples (intragroup comparisons) and t-test for independent samples (comparison between groups), with 5% level of significance. Acupuncture and the splint reduced pain intensity equally (p<0.0001), increased the extent of mouth opening (p<0,05), and the mean LDP of the left masseter (p<0.05). RMS in the rest position of the right anterior temporal decreased in the splint group (p<0.05). There was improvement in the degree of chronic pain in 53.3% of patients in the acupuncture and in 60% of splint group. Severe depression improved in 11.1% of acupuncture and 50% of splint patients. Severe somatization showed an improvement in16.7% of acupuncture and 44.4% of splint patients. Acupuncture reduced pain intensity to an extent equal to that of the splint, and helped limitation of mouth opening. Both acupuncture and splint groups showed improved psychosomatic aspects after short treatments. Thus, acupuncture can be considered a control strategy for chronic TMD-related pain / Doutorado / Saude Coletiva / Doutora em Odontologia

M.Tech. (Chiropractic) / Purpose: The aim of this comparative study was to compare the effects of Muscle Energy Technique (MET) versus myofascial dry needling of quadratus lumborum in the treatment of myofascial trigger points (TrPs), with regards to pain, disability and lumbar spine range of motion. Method: Thirty participants, male and female between the ages of eighteen and forty-five years, with an active quadratus lumborum TrP were used in this study. The thirty participants were randomly divided into two groups consisting of fifteen individuals each, ensuring equal male to female and age ratios. Group 1 received treatment in the form of MET. Group 2 received treatment in the form of myofascial dry needling. The trial consisted of five visits over a treatment period of two weeks, of which the first four visits the participants received treatment and the fifth visit served the purpose of obtaining the final data. The data was gathered on the first, third and fifth visits. The data was gathered before the treatment was performed. Objective data consisted of measuring lumbar spine range of motion with a digital inclinometer and pain pressure threshold using an algometer. Subjective data was obtained by using the Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) and Oswestry Disablity Index for Lower Back Pain (ODI). Results: The results were interpreted by STATKON at the University of Johannesburg. Both groups improved significantly in both the objective and subjective measurements over the two week trial period. This indicted that both treatment interventions were effective in the treatment of active quadratus lumborum TrPs. The results also indicated that group 2 (myofascial dry needling) was statistically superior to group 1 (MET) with regards to the subjective and lumbar spine range of motion measurements obtained during the study. There was no statistical superiority between the two treatment interventions with regards to the pain pressure threshold values obtained. These results indicate that dry needling is more effective than MET in decreasing pain and disability, while increasing lumbar spine range motion due to active quadratus lumborum TrPs. Conclusion: It was concluded, based on the results, that myofascial dry needling was more effective than MET with regards to the subjective pain, disability and lumbar spine range of motion. However with regards to pain pressure threshold values, there was no superiority of either treatment. This study suggests that myofascial dry needling is a preferential treatment option than MET in the case of active quadratus lumborum TrPs as it is possible that dry needling alone is more effective in reducing pain, disability and increasing lumbar spine range of motion. However this does not rule out MET as treatment for active TrPs as objectively MET reduces objective pain as effectively as dry needling.

Submitted in partial compliance with the requirements for the Master’s Degree in Technology: Chiropractic, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa, 2017. / Aim: There is a paucity in the literature regarding the effectiveness of the Impulse Adjusting Instrument® (IAI) in treating myofascial trigger points (MFTPs) and regarding the effectiveness between dry needling and the IAI in the treatment of MFTPs. There are many limitations and an array of contraindications for dry needling. Therefore, an alternative method should be sought as this will be beneficial to the patient. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the IAI compared to dry needling in the treatment of MFTPs found in the upper trapezius muscle. Methodology: This study was a randomised single-blinded clinical trial. This study consisted of 41 participants between the ages of 18 and 40 who were divided into two groups. The participants were randomly allocated into their respective groups using a blinded allocation method that was drawn up by the statistician. Groups were divided into dry needling (Group one (n=18)) and IAI (Group two (n=23)) treatment groups. Subjective neck pain level was determined using a numerical pain rating scale (NRS). The neck disability index (NDI) subjectively assessed the effect neck pain had on the participants’ activities of daily living before and after treatment. The Patients Global Impression of Change (PGIC) tool was used to determine the participants’ subjective impression of treatment outcomes since the beginning of the treatment. Objective pain pressure thresholds (PPT) were measured with an algometer. Objective cervical range of motion (CROM) in lateral flexion (LF) was measured with a goniometer. Each participant had four visits over a two week period, which included three treatments and a final visit for final measurements. Data was analysed using IBM SPSS version 23. Repeated measures ANOVA was used to examine the effect on each outcome measure. Directional trends in effectiveness were drawn up using profile plots to assess the direction and trends of the effects. A p value of < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results: Intra-group and inter-group statistical analysis revealed all subjective measurements improved in both groups with no significant differences between the groups. With respect to objective measurements, there was no statistical improvement in LF CROM and dry needling had no improvement in PPT. Impulse Adjusting Instrument trigger point therapy showed an increase in PPT, however, when compared to dry needling there was no statistical difference in PPT. Conclusion: The conclusion for this study states that the trends in each of the outcomes suggest that the IAI is as effective as dry needling for the treatment of MFTPs. / M

M.Tech. (Chiropractic) / A myofascial trigger point is a hyperirritable point within a tight band of voluntary skeletal muscle. The condition causes levels of mild discomfort to intense pain to patients that usually results in loss of man hours and compulsory pain medication. Dry needling is the treatment of choice and other techniques are seldom considered. Dry needling therapy (DNT) is an effective tool in the chiropractic profession but comes with significant drawbacks, such as patients whom have needling phobias and patients who often experience post needling soreness are challenging to treat with DNT. Further and more serious risks include pneumothorax when needling the muscles over the lung fields, which also limits the treatment scope of DNT. Low level laser therapy (LLLT) is non-invasive and non-threatening to patients and could serve as an alternative to DNT. This study therefore aimed, to determine if LLLT could be an alternative treatment to DNT by comparing DNT to LLLT on a target group that all have active trapezius trigger point two myofascial trigger points. The group consisted of 40 participants with posterior trapezius myofascial neck pain caused by active myofascial trapezius trigger points. Participants were then randomly divided into two groups. Group A (20 participants) would receive DNT to the active myofascialtrapezius trigger point two (TP2) and group B (20 participants) would receive LLLT also to the active myofascial trapezius TP2. Participants would then be treated according to a set protocol, over a two week period with a total of four treatments. Subjective and objective readings were taken and noted on the first, third and fifth visits. Subjective data was collected from the visual analogue scale and the Vernon-Minor neck pain and disability index questionnaires. Whereas the cervical range of motion (CROM) and algometer readings provided the objective data.

M.Tech. / This study was conducted to determine the effect of Sacroiliac joint adjustment to the restricted Sacroiliac joint in combination with myofascial dry needling to the active/latent Rectus Femoris muscle trigger point and Rectus Femoris myofascial dry needling on its own on Quadriceps Femoris muscle strength. Thirty participants between the ages of 18 and 40 years were recruited through the use of advertisements placed in and around the University of Johannesburg’s Chiropractic Day Clinic. Participants were assessed for exclusion criteria by performing a Full Case History, Pertinent Physical Examination, Lumbar Spine and Pelvis Regional Examination and S.O.A.P note. The participants who conformed to the specific inclusion criteria were accepted for this study. These participants were randomly placed into two groups of sixteen participants each. Group One receive Sacroiliac joint adjustment to the restricted Sacroiliac joint and ipsilateral myofascial dry needling of the Rectus Femoris muscle active/latent myofascial trigger points. Group two received myofascial dry needling of the Rectus Femoris muscle active/latent myofascial trigger point on the same side as the Sacroiliac joint restriction. Each participant received five treatments over a three week period, i.e. two treatments for the first two weeks and one follow-up treatment in the third week. The subjective data of the patients lower back pain was assessed using the Numerical Pain Rating Scale. The objective data was obtained from the Isometric Dynamometer measuring the Quadriceps Femoris muscle strength before and after each treatment. In addition the Algometer was used for measuring the pressure pain threshold of the Rectus Femoris trigger points. An analysis was performed using Repeated Measures Analysis, t-Test, Frequencis, Descriptives and Friedman’s Tests. The results of this study demonstrate that Sacroiliac joint adjustment to a restricted Sacroiliac joint with ipsilateral myofascial dry needling of the Rectus Femoris muscle showed a statistically significant, but temporary increase in Quadriceps Femoris muscle strength. Myofascial dry needling of the Rectus Femoris muscle on its own was found to be statistically insignificant for the increase in Quadriceps Femoris muscle strength.

M.Tech. (Chiropractic) / Myofascial trigger points (MTrP’s) cause acute discomfort to intense pain and often lead to the use of pain medication as well as loss of man hours (Simons, Travell and Simons, 1999a; Tough, White, Cummings, Richards and Campbell, 2009). Dry needling is very effective and is widely used for the treatment of MTrP’s (Vulfsons, Ratmansky and Kalichman, 2012), but comes with various significant drawbacks, such as the experience of pain during or after treatment (post-needling soreness) or individuals with needle phobias (Unruh, Strong and Wright, 2002). More serious risks also exist, including damage to the viscera (Dommerholt and Fernández-de-las-Peñas, 2013). Low level laser therapy (LLLT) is a non-invasive technique and very little discomfort or pain is experienced by the patient during and after treatment. LLLT is effective in the short- and long-term relief of trigger points and myofascial pain syndrome. Therefore it can easily serve as an alternative to myofacial dry needling (Chow and Barnsley, 2005). This study aimed to determine whether LLLT or myofascial dry needling is more effective in the treatment of active MTrP’s, specifically those of the gluteus medius muscle. It also aimed to determine if LLLT could serve as an alternative treatment to dry needling in cases where dry needling is contraindicated or not desired. Thirty participants who complied with the inclusion criteria were divided into one of two groups. Group 1 (n=15) received dosages of LLLT directly to the active MTrP’s in the gluteus medius muscle and Group 2 (n=15) received myofascial dry needling to active MTrP’s in the gluteus medius muscle. Each participant attended 6 treatment sessions over a course of 2 weeks as well as a 7th measurements-only session.

M.Tech. (Chiropractic) / Neck pain is a common and costly complaint in society and many are made to believe that their neck pain is caused by pinched nerve, compressed disk, arthritis or displaced cervical vertebrae, when in reality the pain may be solely due to referral from myofascial trigger points in overworked or traumatized muscles of their upper back and shoulders. Travel and Simons (1999) demonstrated trapezius muscle of the neck, back and shoulder as the main cause of mechanical neck pain and stiffness. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of trigger point therapy using an activator instrument versus myofascial dry needling in combination with cervical spine adjustment in the treatment of those with acute or chronic neck pain associated with active trigger point 1 (TrP 1) or trigger point 2 (TrP 2) of upper trapezius muscle, with regards to pain and disability, pressure pain threshold and cervical spine range of motion. The clinical study consisted of forty participants, from the ages of 18 and 45, randomly allocated into two groups of twenty individuals each. Potential participants were examined and accepted based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Group 1 received activator trigger point therapy to upper trapezius TrP 1 or 2 with chiropractic adjustment to restricted segments of the cervical spine, and group 2 received myofascial dry needling of upper trapezius TrP 1 or 2 with chiropractic adjustment to restricted segments of the cervical spine. Participants were treated four times over a period of two weeks. Subjective data was collected using the Vernon-Mior Neck Pain and Disability Index and a Visual Analog Scale. Objective data was collected using an algometer to measure pressure pain threshold of trapezius TrPs muscles, and a goniometer to measure cervical spine range of motion. All data was collected at the first and third visits prior to treatment, and at the fifth visit. The statistical analysis was conducted using nonparametric tests. Friedman’s test was used to assess whether neck pain, disability, cervical spine range of motion and pressure pain threshold varied over the three time intervals. Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Pair test was used for assessment of comparability of the results in each group separately, and the Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of the accumulated data in the two groups.

M.Tech. (Chiropractic) / Myofascial Pain Syndrome, is a common source of frustration for both healthcare practitioners and patients. It is the second most common reason for patients visiting their health care practitioner and constitutes up to 85% of the reasons for visits to pain clinics (Han and Harrison, 1997). As muscle pain is the most common work-related injury (Hubbard, 1998), it costs billions of dollars in lost revenue every year due to lost productivity (Fricton, 1990). Hong (1994), states that dry needling has been extensively studied and has been shown to decrease or even abolish myofascial pain. However post dry needling soreness is a common side effect of dry needling. Stuart (2010), states that applying kinesio tape® to a musculoskeletal injury during rehabilitation could result in a quicker recovery by allowing the body to biomechanically heal itself. Garcia-Mura et al (2009), results suggest that kinesio tape® is a method highly appropriate in the treatment of myofascial trigger points by normalising muscular function, increasing lymphatic and vascular flow, diminishing pain and aid in the correction of possible articular malalignment. The aim of this study was to determine the effects that kinesio tape® has on the trapezius trigger point one post needling, to determine whether there is an increase in the therapeutic effect of dry needling and an increased recovery time of the myofascial trigger points, with regards to changes in pressure pain threshold, pain and cervical range of motion. Participants for this study were recruited either by an advertisement which was placed on the information board of the Chiropractic Day Clinic at the University of Johannesburg as well as advertisements placed in and around the University of Johannesburg at the Doornfontein Campus. Also, many participants were made aware of this study via word of mouth from candidates already involved in the study. Thirty participants were randomly assigned into one of two groups, each consisting of 15 participants. Group A received dry needling of the trapezius trigger point one followed by the application of kinesio tape® whereas group B received dry needing of trapezius trigger point one only. Participants were treated 5 times with objective and subjective measurements taken at the 1st, 3rd and 5th visits. Objective measurements consisted of readings taken with an algometer and cervical range of motion (CROM) device. The subjective measurements consisted of the Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) and the Vernon Mior Neck Disability Index. The results of the study showed clinically and statistical significant improvements for both groups in regards to alleviating pain subjectively (Numerical Pain Rating Scale and Vernon-Mior Neck Pain and Disability Index), increasing pressure pain threshold objectively (Algometer) and increasing range of motion objectively (Cervical Range of Motion device). However group A (dry needing and kinesio tape®) showed a greater improvement in both subjective and objective measurements. Based on the results of the study, it could be concluded that both dry needling on its own as well as applying kinesio tape® post dry needling can be effective in the treatment of myofascial trigger points in the upper trapezius muscle, however applying kinesio tape® post dry needling seemed to be more effective.

M.Tech. / The aim of this research study was to determine the most effective way of treating sacroiliac joint dysfunction with associated gluteus medius trigger points, using adjusting of the sacroiliac joint or needling of the gluteus medius muscle or both. The participants were recruited randomly and placed in 3 different groups. Participants in group 1 were treated with an adjustment of the sacroiliac joint, as well as needling of the most prominent gluteus medius trigger point. Participants in group 2 were adjusted only and participants in group 3 were needled only. The treatment of the participants took place at the University of Johannesburg’s chiropractic day clinic. The objective data was acquired using a Digital Inclinometer to measure the ranges of motion at the spinal levels of the 5th lumbar vertebra and the first sacral vertebra (L5/ S1). An Algometer was used to measure the amount of pressure required to evoke pain, within the most prominent trigger point being treated. The subjective data was acquired using the Oswestry Pain and Disability Questionnaire, as well as the Numerical Pain Rating Scale. The results of the trial were of no statistical significance, but clinical improvement in both objective and subjective data was found. Group 2’s mean value percentage improvement was the greatest, when looking at range of motion. Group 1’s mean value percentage improvement was the greatest, with the Algometer and the subjective readings. The outcome of this study was that overall all three treatment protocols had a positive effect on the participants. Group 1 and group 2 had a slightly greater overall improvement. Thus it is suggested that when treating sacroiliac joint dysfunction with associated gluteus medius trigger points, the doctor can use an adjustment or adjusting with needling, both are effective. It is important to take the patients preference into account in order to make them feel at ease with the treatment they are receiving.