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Yung Wing Hong Brian. / "Architecture Department, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Master of Architecture Programme 1997-98, design report." / Introduction / Spring / Origin Of Ideas / September / Choosing The Project / Studies On History Of The Legco Building / Precedents Overview / Subject Studies / Institutional Users: The Legislative Council / Public Users / Hypothetical Cilent / October / Conceptual Explorations Of The Thesis / Choosing And Analysing The Site / Early To Mid Nov. / Solidifying Theoretical Foundation / Confirming Schedule Accomodation / Mid Nov. To Early Dec. / Overall Design Strategy / Early Dec. T O Early Jan. / Urban Adn Complex Planning Concepts / Jan. / Interaction Module Legislators' Office Wing Design / Early Feb. To Early Mar. / Chamber Form & Its Relationship / Mid Mar. / Chamber Design Development / Urban Concepts Dev. And Final Site Model / Late Mar. To Final Presentation / Complex Overview / Main Concept Dev. & Final Model / Interior And Exterior Space / Technical Studies / Final Presentation Drawing Overview

Choi Sze Man. / "Architecture Department, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Master of Architecture Programme 2001-2002, design report." / .adhocism / definition --- p.1 / layering of city --- p.3 / life cycles --- p.7 / .adhocism on industrial buildings / wingkeiroad kwaichung --- p.24 / hungtoroad kwuntong --- p.32 / the site --- p.42 / machine aesthetics --- p.50 / .implications / violence in a +ve manner --- p.61 / sandwich programme --- p.65 / .scenarios / solids/voids --- p.66 / scenarios --- p.69

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Given the rapidly increasing visitation levels to Fraser Island, there is increasing concern that tourist activities may threaten the long-term ecological health of the region's unique dune lakes. This project aimed to investigate the consequences of tourist use of Fraser Island's dune lakes and to develop appropriate monitoring tools and management objectives in light of the projected increases in visitation levels in the foreseeable future. The initial phase of this research aimed to identify the relative importance of some of the most popular dune lakes on the island as key destinations for tourists. Tourist surveys, in conjunction with the development of a Tourist Pressure Index (TPI), which quantifies logistic, social and natural variables, identified Lakes McKenzie, Allom and Birrabeen as the lakes most at risk from excessive tourist use. In addition, analyses of water quality in 15 lakes on Fraser Island aimed to determine the current trophic status of dune lakes on Fraser Island and the ecological implications of tourist use of these systems. Detailed comparisons of nutrient and chlorophyll a concentrations in five popular dune lakes in February 1990 (data from Arthington et al. 1990) and February 1999 suggested that productivity has increased significantly in the past decade. More detailed examinations of nutrient and algal variables in five popular perched dune lakes revealed that while ambient nutrient and phytoplankton chlorophyll a concentrations remained relatively stable, periphyton chlorophyll a concentrations increased over the course of the 1999-2000 summer in most lakes. Significantly, these increases were found only in heavily visited (disturbed) sites in the clear lakes examined (McKenzie and Birrabeen). In these lakes, where algal growth is likely to be only limited by nutrient availability, tourist nutrient additions may stimulate excessive periphyton production. Experimental algal bioassays identified that phytoplankton and to a lesser degree periphyton growth was stimulated by nutrient additions in all five perched dune lakes. However, the degree to which growth was stimulated was both lake and nutrient (nitrogen versus phosphorus versus nitrogen + phosphorus) dependent, highlighting the variable nature of systems within a relatively small geographic range. Since periphyton biomass was higher in heavily visited areas of lakes and was likely to be stimulated by nutrient additions by tourists, stable isotope analyses of littoral zone food webs were conducted to quantify the percent contribution of periphyton to consumer diets. There was a trend towards higher periphyton contributions in systems identified as key tourist locations (on the basis of their TPI scores) and this indicates that increasing visitation may increase the contribution of periphyton to littoral zone food webs, both via increases in the quantity and quality of periphyton as a food resource. To further explore the contribution of periphyton in littoral zone food webs of heavily visited lakes, a 15N-tracer addition experiment was conducted to establish the fate of nutrient additions within the littoral zone. Nutrients were added in quantities that mimicked those likely from tourists, to enable a realistic appraisal of the fate of tourist additions. As expected, periphyton rapidly assimilated the added 15N-tracer and was found to be the first and most significant sink for nutrients entering the littoral zone. Finally, the results from this research were used to develop a conceptual model of nutrient enrichment for perched dune lakes on Fraser Island. The model indicates that although nutrient additions from tourists may lead to undesirable increases in periphyton biomass, the degree to which this is deemed to be a detrimental ecological outcome is likely to be mediated by water level fluctuations and the consumptive capacity of grazers. Given that excessive periphyton growth is likely to be seen as negative impact of tourism, regular periphyton monitoring (biomass and percent contribution to littoral zone food webs) should be built into an updated monitoring program for this series of dune lakes. Whilst the implementation of periphyton monitoring is likely to enable the early detection of deleterious impacts of excessive tourist use, it is likely that the long-term conservation of the region will, in the future, require the implementation of strict visitation level guidelines, to ensure that the irreversible consequences of long term additions of nutrients are ameliorated.

Carbon-carbon bond forming reactions are fundamental transformations for constructing structurally complex organic building blocks, especially in the realm of natural products synthesis. Classical protocols for forming a C-C bond typically require the use of stoichiometrically preformed organometallic reagents, constituting a major drawback for organic synthesis on process scale. Since the emergence of transition metal catalysis in hydrogenation and hydrogenative C-C coupling reactions, atom and step economy have become important considerations in the development of sustainable methods. In the Krische laboratory, our goal is to utilize abundant, renewable feedstocks, so that the reactions can proceed in an efficient and atom-economical manner. Our research focuses on developing new C-C bond forming protocols that transcend the use of stoichiometric, preformed organometallic reagents, in which [pi]-unsaturates can be employed as surrogates to discrete premetallated reagents. Under transition metal catalyzed transfer hydrogenation conditions, alcohols can engage in C-C coupling, avoiding unnecessary redox manipulations prior to carbonyl addition. Stereoselective variants of these reactions are also under extensive investigation to effect stereo-induction by way of chiral motifs found in ligands and counterions. The research presented in this dissertation represents the development of a new class of C-C bond forming transformations useful for constructing synthetic challenging molecules. Development of transfer hydrogenative C-C bond forming reactions in the form of carbonyl additions such as carbonyl allylation, carbonyl propargylation, carbonyl vinylation etc. are discussed in detail. Additionally, these methods avoid the use of stoichiometric chiral allenylmetal, propargylmetal or vinylmetal reagents, respectively, accessing diastereo- and enantioenriched products of carbonyl additions in the absence of stoichiometric organometallic byproducts. By exploiting the atom-economical transfer hydrogenative carbonyl addition protocols using ruthenium and iridium, preparations of important structural motifs that are abundant in natural products, such as allylic alcohols, homoallylic alcohols and homopropargylic alcohols, become more feasible and accessible. / text

Syftet med denna studie är att synliggöra några elevers svårigheter när det gäller de centrala aspekterna i grundläggande taluppfattning, med fokus på addition och subtraktion. Studien grundar sig på 13 intervjuer med elever i årskurs 3-5. Som utgångsmaterial för intervjuerna användes den muntliga diagnosen Individuella samtal som ingår i Diagnostiska uppgifter i matematik för användning i de tidiga skolåren (Skolverket, 2010c). I samband med intervjuerna observerades även hur eleverna konkretiserar uppgifterna med stöd av sina fingrar och tiobasmaterial. Den muntliga diagnosen ger en tydlig bild av vilka strategier eleverna använder sig av när de löser en uppgift samt visar vilka svårigheter eleverna har när det gäller grundläggande taluppfattning. Studiens resultat visar att eleverna har svårigheter med den grundläggande taluppfattningen, dock i varierande grad. Eleverna använder sig till stor del av en och samma strategi där de vid addition använder sig av uppåträkning med stöd av fingerräkning och vid subtraktion använder de sig antingen av uppåträkning eller nedåträkning med fingrarna som stöd. Flera av eleverna verkar ha lärt sig en strategi för addition och en för subtraktion som de sedan konsekvent använder sig av när de ska lösa en uppgift. Eleverna reflekterar vare sig över om svaret de kommer fram till eller om den strategi de använder är rimlig och effektiv. Många av eleverna visar att de kan tiokamraterna, men de har svårt att generalisera den kunskapen när de ska lösa andra uppgifter där talet tio inte implicit används i uppgiften. Även dubblorna visar de att de kan men det tycks se de som kunskaper som skilda från varandra där de vare sig har förståelse eller ser hur de kan använda sig av den kunskapen i andra sammanhang. Eleverna uttrycker att de tycker att subtraktion är svårt, vilket kan tyda på att de inte ser sambandet mellan addition och subtraktion. I mina intervjuer visade det sig på så vis att de elever som inte behärskade talraden till fullo också visade på stora svårigheter med de nakna additions- och subtraktionsuppgifterna.