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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

Geotechnologies applied to the monitoring of vegetation of MaciÃo de Baturità - CE / Geotecnologias aplicadas ao monitoramento da cobertura vegetal do MaciÃo de Baturità CE

Francisco Gessivaldo Regino Costa 19 December 2008 (has links)
FundaÃÃo de Amparo a CiÃncia e Tecnologia / Devido Ãs condiÃÃes edafoclimÃticas, as serras Ãmidas do Cearà sÃo propÃcias para a produÃÃo agrÃcola e para a concentraÃÃo demogrÃfica. O MaciÃo de Baturità constitui-se em um dos mais expressivos compartimentos de relevo com proximidade ao litoral, sendo que sua sub-regiÃo serrana tem sido alvo das aÃÃes humanas desde o inÃcio da ocupaÃÃo da regiÃo. Os problemas ambientais identificados nessa regiÃo sÃo causados pelos desmatamentos oriundos de prÃticas agrÃcolas com tÃcnicas rudimentares, construÃÃes particulares de casas de veraneio, cultivos em Ãreas de acentuadas declividades e remoÃÃo da vegetaÃÃo das nascentes dos rios. AlÃm disso, um forte aumento da especulaÃÃo imobiliÃria aliada aos diversos eventos culturais de abrangÃncia nacional, tambÃm impulsionam o interesse pela mesma. Nesse sentido, a presente pesquisa faz uso das geotecnologias para analisar a perda da cobertura vegetal da sub-regiÃo serrana do MaciÃo de Baturità nos Ãltimos 21 anos. Se a contÃnua remoÃÃo da cobertura vegetal do MaciÃo de Baturità nÃo for contida, diversos problemas de cunho socioambiental serÃo realidade para as populaÃÃes que o habitam. Portanto, a administraÃÃo pÃblica deve exercer papel fiscalizador, reduzindo a aÃÃo da especulaÃÃo imobiliÃria e criar polÃticas voltadas para a geraÃÃo de renda e inclusÃo social. A EducaÃÃo Ambiental deve ser focada nas escolas e treinamentos devem ser aplicados aos pequenos agricultores para que possam utilizar o solo de maneira apropriada. Desta forma a Ãnsia por um desenvolvimento sustentÃvel poderà tornar-se real e as geraÃÃes futuras tambÃm poderÃo usufruir das belezas naturais do MaciÃo de BaturitÃ. / Because soil and climatic conditions, the humid mountain ranges of Cearà are propitious for the agricultural production and demographic concentration. The MaciÃo de Baturità consists in one of the most expressive relief compartments with proximity to the coast, being that its sub-mountain region has been target of the actions of human beings since the beginning of the occupation of the region. Environmental problems identified in this region are caused by the deriving deforestations of practical agriculturists with rudimentary techniques, particular constructions of summering houses, culti vation in areas of accented declivities and removal of vegetation the sources of rivers. Moreover, a sharp increase in property speculation allied to the various cultural events of national scope, also driving the interest in it. In this direction, the present research makes use of the geotechnologies to analyze the loss of the vegetal covering of the sub-region's mountain of the MaciÃo de Baturità in last 21 years. If the continuous removal of the vegetation cover of the M aciÃo de Baturità will not be contained, several problems of reality imprint prom otions will be for the people that inhabit. Therefore, the public administration must exercise supervisory role, reducing the share of property speculation and to c reate politics directed toward the income generation and social inclusion. The Env ironmental Education should be aimedat schools and training should be applied the small agriculturists so that they can use the soil in an appropriate manner. Thus the yearning for sustainable development could become real and future generations can also enjoy the beauty of the MaciÃo de BaturitÃ.
12

Use of record prices realized through mode electronic trading sessions and its impact on shopping government / UtilizaÃÃo do registro de preÃos realizado por meio da modalidade pregÃo eletrÃnico e seu impacto nas compras governamentais

Maria Vania Pires Costa 30 January 2012 (has links)
nÃo hà / This work aims to analyze the Purchasing Policy of Cearà State, using Prices Registration System. A comparison was made between auctions conducted in electronic trading without prices registration in 2006 and 2008 and bids in the same mode with prices registration in the years 2009, 2010 and 2011 to the acquisition of a wide range of goods. To analyze the effectiveness of Prices Registration procedure, we used data of similar goods acquired by public administration. In the analysis, it was used linear regression. The proposed model used three variables: purchase price, number of participants, and bidding time. We verified that price and bidding time are not relevant and that the number of participants has a significant relation to purchase price, showing that Prices Registration procedure is not a decisive factor to electronic auction effectiveness. / Este trabalho visa a analisar um comparativo na PolÃtica de Compras Governamentais do Estado do CearÃ, com a utilizaÃÃo do Sistema de Registro de PreÃos. A comparaÃÃo foi feita mediante as licitaÃÃes realizadas na modalidade de pregÃo eletrÃnico, sem o procedimento de registro de preÃos nos exercÃcios de 2006 e 2008, confrontando com as licitaÃÃes na mesma modalidade com o procedimento de registro de preÃos, nos exercÃcios de 2009, 2010 e 2011 para a aquisiÃÃo de vÃrios itens de material de consumo. Para comparar a eficÃcia do uso do procedimento de registro de preÃos, foram utilizados dados da aquisiÃÃo de bens de mesma natureza nos ÃrgÃos pÃblicos estaduais. Na anÃlise estatÃstica, foi utilizada regressÃo simples linear. O modelo proposto empregou trÃs variÃveis: preÃo de aquisiÃÃo, nÃmero de participantes e o tempo de permanÃncia do processo. Analisando estas variÃveis, verificou-se que o registro de preÃos e o tempo de permanÃncia nÃo sÃo estatisticamente relevantes e que o nÃmero de participantes tem relaÃÃo significativa com o preÃo de aquisiÃÃo. Logo, o modelo mostrou que o procedimento de registro de preÃos nÃo à fator determinante da eficiÃncia de aquisiÃÃo dos bens.
13

Optimization of reverse logistics of urban wastes only be achieved through the use of a mathematical tool in a public-private partnership approach / L'optimisation de la logistique inversÃe des dÃchets urbains passe impÃrativement par lâutilisation dâun outil mathÃmatique dans une dÃmarche de partenariat public-privÃ.

Josà Carneiro de Andrade Filho 15 December 2014 (has links)
Le dÃveloppement de l'Ãconomie avec la croissance de la population et l'augmentation correspondante de leur pouvoir d'achat entraÃnent une augmentation de la consommation et, par consÃquent, influencer des facteurs et des services qui sont directement liÃs à l'assainissement de la ville. Un exemple de ces services est la gestion des dÃchets solides municipaux. De ce contexte, la recherche est dÃveloppà sur le sujet de l'Ãvolution de la qualità et de la logistique inverse efficacità de dÃchets solides municipaux d'une ville. Par consÃquent, aprÃs avoir observà comment la logistique inverse est actuellement effectuà dans deux villes brÃsiliennes (Fortaleza dans l'Ãtat de Cearà et Osasco à SÃo Paulo), une optimisation de cette gestion de maniÃre quantitative et qualitative a Ãtà suggÃrÃ. En d'autres termes, cette optimisation suggÃre que les modÃles traditionnels de gestion actuellement utilisÃes dans l'administration publique, peut amÃliorer les performances et l'efficacità quand il est utilisà des outils mathÃmatiques, informatiques et la gestion appropriÃe. Un modÃle mathÃmatique a Ãtà formulà capable d'effectuer une analyse quantitative optimisà pour l'emplacement des installations au sein de la logistique inverse, puis il a Ãtà nommà le meilleur type de gouvernance pour ce modÃle pour Ãtre utilisà avec la haute performance et l'efficacitÃ. Pour optimiser les solutions dans le cadre des techniques de gestion des dÃchets solides municipaux sont utilisÃs programmation linÃaire mathÃmatique. Programme d'ordinateur mis au point pour cette Ãtude a Ãtà utilisà pour effectuer les simulations. L'efficacità et la polyvalence du programme d'ordinateur ont Ãtà ÃvaluÃs par une analyse de plusieurs exemples pour dÃterminer les installations de localisation optimisÃs à Singapour et à Osasco. La recherche opÃrationnelle est la base pour la construction de ce modÃle mathÃmatique tandis que le modÃle de gestion de partenariat public-privà est l'indication du type de gestion appropriÃe pour les affichages d'outils mathÃmatiques et informatiques mentionnÃs solutions optimisÃes dans le modÃle de gestion des dÃchets de la logistique inverse Solide proposÃe urbaine / The development of the economy together with the population growth and the corresponding increase of purchasing power generate an increase in consumption and, consequently, affect factors and services which have direct relationship with the basic sanitation services in a city. An example of such service is urban solid waste management. From this context, the research is developed in connection with the evolution in quality and efficiency of reverse logistics of urban solid waste. Therefore, after observing how reverse logistics is currently being executed in two Brazilian cities (Fortaleza, State of Cearà and Osasco, State of SÃo Paulo), quantitative and qualitative management optimization procedures are suggested. In other words, such optimization procedures suggest that traditional management models currently used in public administration can enhance performance and efficiency if appropriate mathematical, computational and managerial tools are used. A mathematical model was formulated capable to accomplish an optimized quantitative analysis for the location of facilities within the ambit of reverse logistics and, then, it was indicated which is the best type of public management so that the proposed model is used with high performance and efficiency. To optimize solutions in the context of urban solid waste management, linear programming techniques are used. A computer program developed for this research was used to perform the simulations. The efficiency and versatility of the computer program were evaluated through the analysis of several examples for determining the optimized location of facilities in Fortaleza and in Osasco. Operational research is the basis for the construction of the mathematical model while the public-private partnership management model is the indication of the type of appropriate management so that the aforementioned mathematical and computational tool may present optimized solutions in the proposed reverse logistics urban solid waste management model.
14

ContrataÃÃes sustentÃveis na administraÃÃo pÃblica brasileira: a experiÃncia no Poder Executivo Federal Fortaleza, CearÃ

Maria Alice Cruz Alencastro 26 June 2014 (has links)
nÃo hà / CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / O uso dos recursos naturais sempre se mostrou como elemento essencial para o desenvolvimento e reproduÃÃo da vida humana. A ampliaÃÃo dos debates sobre os impactos ambientais decorrentes dos padrÃes de consumo da sociedade industrial despertou para a percepÃÃo do Estado como um expressivo consumidor de bens e serviÃos. Diversos paÃses passaram a adotar guias e metodologias para inserir critÃrios de sustentabilidade em suas aquisiÃÃes, prÃtica que ficou conhecida como contrataÃÃo pÃblica sustentÃvel (CPS). As CPS sÃo definidas como um fenÃmeno no qual os ÃrgÃos governamentais procuram inserir critÃrios de sustentabilidade socioambiental na aquisiÃÃo de bens e contrataÃÃo de serviÃos. Assim, o objetivo principal deste ensaio foi analisar a inserÃÃo de critÃrios de sustentabilidade nas compras de bens e contrataÃÃo de serviÃos dos ÃrgÃos do Poder Executivo Federal brasileiro. Para possibilitar o alcance dos objetivos estabelecidos, promoveu-se a utilizaÃÃo da amostragem probabilÃstica. O total de 24 ministÃrios foi considerado como populaÃÃo a partir da qual foi obtido uma amostra de 12 ministÃrios, utilizando-se um nÃvel de confianÃa de 95% e um erro mÃximo de 3 pontos percentuais. Foram analisadas as contrataÃÃes realizadas pelos ÃrgÃos da amostra nos anos de 2010 a 2013. A anÃlise da implementaÃÃo da polÃtica de CPS do Poder Executivo Federal foi realizada observando as etapas do âciclo PDCAâ. Foram utilizados dados primÃrios, levantados atravÃs de questionÃrios estruturados aplicados oralmente junto ao representante de cada ÃrgÃo integrante da amostra. A pesquisa evidenciou que os instrumentos desenvolvidos para a implementaÃÃo de prÃticas de CPS privilegiam as medidas voltadas para a mitigaÃÃo dos impactos ambientais, em detrimento dos aspectos sociais. Restou demonstrado que a polÃtica de CPS do Poder Executivo Federal brasileiro expressa uma sÃlida base, considerando os instrumentos legais e institucionais editados pelo Poder Executivo Federal desde o ano de 2010. No entanto, a pesquisa evidenciou o subaproveitamento desses instrumentos, em especial, pelos ÃrgÃos integrantes da amostra. As metas pouco ousadas do Plano de AÃÃo para ProduÃÃo e Consumo SustentÃveis (PPCS), acerca da implementaÃÃo das CPS, se repetem nos PLS dos ÃrgÃos integrantes da amostra. Restaram identificados como principais fatores limitantes a ausÃncia de metas claras e objetivas que abrangessem todos os ÃrgÃos e entidades da AdministraÃÃo PÃblica Federal e a falta de apoio do grupo de direÃÃo dos ÃrgÃos integrantes da amostra. AlÃm disso, constatouse que a ausÃncia de dados sistematizados impossibilita a avaliaÃÃo do progresso no alcance de metas estabelecidas pelo ÃrgÃo, bem assim da efetividade da polÃtica de CPS do Poder Executivo Federal. / The use of natural resources has always been an essential element in the development and reproduction of human life. The increase in discussion regarding the consumption patterns of industrial societies and subsequent environmental impacts has led to the perception of the State as a significant consumer of goods and services. In response, various countries have adopted and passed guidelines and methodologies, including sustainability criteria, within their procurement practices, a practice that became known as sustainable public procurement (SPP). This study analyzes the implementation of SPP within the Brazilian Federal Executive Power. Probability sampling was used to achieve the established goals of the analysis. 24 ministries were considered as populations from which a sample of 12 ministries was obtained using a confidence level of 95% and a percent error level of 3. The procurement practices from 2010 to 2013 of the sampled agencies were analyzed. An analysis of the implementation practices used by SPP of the Federal Executive Power was realized observing the stages of the PDCA cycle. Primary data was collected from representatives of each agency through verbally administered structured questionnaires. The research demonstrated that the instruments developed for the implementation of SPP practices emphasize the mitigation of environmental impact at the expense of social aspects. Taking into account the legal and institutional instruments created by the Federal Executive Power since 2010, it was concluded that the SPP policy utilized by the Brazilian Federal Executive Power has a solid basis. However, the research highlights the underuse of these tools, particularly by sample agencies. The underutilized goals of SPP implementation within the Plan of Action for Sustainable Production and Consumption (PSPC) are duplicated in the Sustainable Logistics Plan (SLP), and elaborated by the sampled agencies. Limiting factors identified were the absence of clear targets and goals within the entities and agencies of the Federal Public Administration, and the lack of managerial support within the sampled populations. Furthermore, it was observed that the absence of systemized data makes it impossible to evaluate progress toward achieving the goals set by the agency, as well as evaluating the effectiveness of the Brazilian Federal Executive Powerâs SSP policy.

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