• Refine Query
  • Source
  • Publication year
  • to
  • Language
  • 2
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • Tagged with
  • 6
  • 6
  • 6
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Survivors of Childhood Cerebellar Tumors: Atrophy, Lack of Lesion Specificity, and the Impact on Behavioral Performance

Ailion, Alyssa S 09 May 2015 (has links)
Research suggests that the cerebellum is involved in cognition, but its exact role is unclear. The efficiency theory posits that the cerebellum supports processing speed. Other researchers argue that the cerebellum is functionally heterogeneous, and damage to lobes of the cerebellum causes selective loss of cognitive functions. This study sought to determine whether selective impairment in motor, verbal fluency, or processing speed occurred depending on the lobe of the cerebellum that was lesioned. Lesion mapping was used to measure lesion size and volumetric methods were used to measure atrophy in 25 adult survivors of cerebellar tumors. Participants had too a high degree of heterogeneous cerebellar lesions and accompanying atrophy to explore specialization. However, total cerebellar atrophy negatively impacted written and oral processing speed to a greater degree than total cerebellar lesion size. Younger ages at diagnosis and radiation therapy were associated with greater cerebellar atrophy.
2

Klinisches Management des Ullrich-Turner-Syndroms

Schonhoff, Peter 04 April 2012 (has links) (PDF)
In dieser retrospektiven klinischen Studie wurden die Akten von 89 Patientinnen mit Ullrich-Turner-Syndrom ausgewertet, die zwischen 1974 und 2004 in der Universitätsklinik und Poliklinik für Kinder und Jugendliche in Leipzig behandelt worden sind. Berücksichtigt wurde die Verteilung der Karyotypen im Patientenkollektiv sowie das Auftreten von assoziierten Begleiterkrankungen. Das Alter bei Diagnosestellung, die Größe bei Diagnosestellung und die Gründe für die Verdachtsdiagnose Ullrich-Turner-Syndrom wurden analysiert. Darüber hinaus untersuchte der Autor die durchgeführten Maßnahmen zur Pubertätsinduktion im Hinblick auf ihren Beginn und Erfolg sowie deren Einfluss auf die Wachstumraten. Gut 50% der Patientinnen besaßen den Karyotyp 45,X, die anderen Karyotypen setzten sich aus Mosaiken zusammen. Assoziierte Begleiterkrankungen waren im Patientenkollektiv unterrepräsentiert. Das durchschnittliche Alter bei Diagnosestellung betrug 8,21 Jahre, es fiel während des Beobachtungszeitraumes signifikant ab. Der durchschnittliche Größen-SDS zum Zeitpunkt der Diagnosestellung betrug -2,86. Es wurde, verglichen mit den Empfehlungen der Leitlinien, eine verspätete Diagnosestellung konstatiert. Die Pubertätsinduktion begann mit durchschnittlich 13,93 Jahren mit einer signifikanten Reduktion im Verlauf. Die Dauer vom Beginn der Pubertätsinduktion bis zum Eintreten der Menarche betrug 2,51 Jahre, die Dauer vom Tannerstadium B2 zum Stadium B5 betrug gut 27 Monate. Eine Menarche wurde bei nur 65% der Patientinnen sicher beobachtet. Die Ergebnisse wurden kritisch überprüft und in den Kontext anderer Studien eingeordnet. Aus den Ergebnissen wurde gefolgert, dass das Ullrich-Turner-Syndrom, trotz einer positiven Entwicklung in den letzten Jahren, noch immer zu spät diagnostiziert wurde. Die Pubertätsinduktion verlief trotz der verzögerten Diagnosestellung hinsichtlich der Entwicklung der Tannerstadien erfolgreich. Demgegenüber blieb die Induktion der Menarche nur mäßig erfolgreich. Eine Beeinflussung der Wachstumraten durch die Östrogentherapie wurde nicht beobachtet.
3

Influência da posição sócio-econômica ao longo da vida nas desigualdades de cor/raça na ocorrência de miomas uterinos: Estudo Pró-Saúde / The influence of life course socioeconomic position on inequality of color/race in the occurrence of uterine leiomioma: the Pró-Saúde study

Karine de Lima Sírio Boclin 15 March 2011 (has links)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Os miomas uterinos (MU) são considerados os tumores mais comuns do sistema reprodutor feminino. Estudos norte-americanos demonstram que mulheres negras são mais acometidas pelos MU que as de outros grupos étnico-raciais. No entanto, as causas da desigualdade racial na ocorrência dos tumores permanecem desconhecidas e possíveis mecanismos são pouco explorados na literatura. Em outra direção, devido às características dos MU (crescimento lento e longo período de latência) parte considerável dos estudos epidemiológicos utilizam um delineamento transversal, o que pode gerar problemas metodológicos, como os relacionados à utilização da idade coletada transversalmente (posteriormente a ocorrência dos MU) como proxy da idade do surgimento dos tumores. Assim, este trabalho de tese foi dividido em três partes, como se segue. A primeira, com características descritivas, teve por objetivo estimar a ocorrência de MU autorelatados segundo categorias demográficas e sócio-econômicas na população de estudo (compôs o artigo 1). A segunda, com componente analítico, propôs-se a avaliar o papel da PSE ao longo da vida como mediadora do efeito da cor/raça na ocorrência de MU auto-relatados (compôs o artigo 2). A terceira, com caráter metodológico, teve por objetivo comparar medidas de associação, entre variáveis aferidas transversalmente, em análises que incluem a co-variável idade no momento da coleta de dados e análises que consideram a idade ao diagnóstico dos MU (compôs o artigo 3). Para tanto, foram analisados dados transversais da população feminina participante das duas etapas da linha de base do Estudo Pró-Saúde, referentes à história auto-relatada de diagnóstico médico de MU e ainda a características sócio-demográficas, da vida reprodutiva e de acesso a serviços de saúde. Os resultados evidenciaram o aumento de ocorrência de MU em mulheres de maior idade e com a cor da pele mais escura (artigo 1); que a PSE ao longo da vida não medeia as associações entre cor/raça e MU (artigo 2); e que apesar das diferenças de pequena magnitude, a idade referida no momento da coleta de dados parece ser menos indicada para fins de especificação dos modelos analíticos do que a idade ao diagnóstico dos MU(artigo 3). / The uterine myomas (UM) are considered the most frequent benign neoplasm of the female reproductive system. U.S. studies showed that UM occur more frequently among black women, but the nature of this association remains largely unexplained in the literature. In another direction, due to the characteristics of the UM (slow growth and latency period) considerable amount of epidemiological studies use a cross-sectional design, which can lead to methodological problems such as those related to the use of age collected transversally (later the occurrence of UM) as a proxy for age of onset of tumors. This thesis was divided into three parts, as follows. The first, descriptive, aimed to estimate the occurrence of self-reported UM by demographic and socio-economic characteristics in the study population (article 1). The second, whit an analytical component, aimed to evaluate the role of life-course SEP like mediator of the effect of color/race in the occurrence of self-reported UM (article 2). The third, with a methodological nature, aimed comparing measures of association between variables collected transversally, in analysis that include the covariate age at the time of data collection and analysis that considered the age at diagnosis of UM (article 3).For this, we analyzed cross-sectional data from selfadministered questionnaires completed by female civil servants at a Rio de Janeiro university during the baseline data collection of the Pró-Saúde Study. The analyzed variables were: self-reported history of medical diagnosis of UM, UM with symptoms prior to diagnosis, hysterectomy due to UM and also the socio-demographic characteristics, reproductive life and health care access variables. The results showed that UM risk increased with the age and darkening of skin color, and the lifecourse SEP did not mediate this association (articles 1 and 2); and that despite differences of small magnitude, it seems that the age at the time of data collection is less recommended than the age at diagnosis in cross-sectional analysis (article 3).
4

Influência da posição sócio-econômica ao longo da vida nas desigualdades de cor/raça na ocorrência de miomas uterinos: Estudo Pró-Saúde / The influence of life course socioeconomic position on inequality of color/race in the occurrence of uterine leiomioma: the Pró-Saúde study

Karine de Lima Sírio Boclin 15 March 2011 (has links)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Os miomas uterinos (MU) são considerados os tumores mais comuns do sistema reprodutor feminino. Estudos norte-americanos demonstram que mulheres negras são mais acometidas pelos MU que as de outros grupos étnico-raciais. No entanto, as causas da desigualdade racial na ocorrência dos tumores permanecem desconhecidas e possíveis mecanismos são pouco explorados na literatura. Em outra direção, devido às características dos MU (crescimento lento e longo período de latência) parte considerável dos estudos epidemiológicos utilizam um delineamento transversal, o que pode gerar problemas metodológicos, como os relacionados à utilização da idade coletada transversalmente (posteriormente a ocorrência dos MU) como proxy da idade do surgimento dos tumores. Assim, este trabalho de tese foi dividido em três partes, como se segue. A primeira, com características descritivas, teve por objetivo estimar a ocorrência de MU autorelatados segundo categorias demográficas e sócio-econômicas na população de estudo (compôs o artigo 1). A segunda, com componente analítico, propôs-se a avaliar o papel da PSE ao longo da vida como mediadora do efeito da cor/raça na ocorrência de MU auto-relatados (compôs o artigo 2). A terceira, com caráter metodológico, teve por objetivo comparar medidas de associação, entre variáveis aferidas transversalmente, em análises que incluem a co-variável idade no momento da coleta de dados e análises que consideram a idade ao diagnóstico dos MU (compôs o artigo 3). Para tanto, foram analisados dados transversais da população feminina participante das duas etapas da linha de base do Estudo Pró-Saúde, referentes à história auto-relatada de diagnóstico médico de MU e ainda a características sócio-demográficas, da vida reprodutiva e de acesso a serviços de saúde. Os resultados evidenciaram o aumento de ocorrência de MU em mulheres de maior idade e com a cor da pele mais escura (artigo 1); que a PSE ao longo da vida não medeia as associações entre cor/raça e MU (artigo 2); e que apesar das diferenças de pequena magnitude, a idade referida no momento da coleta de dados parece ser menos indicada para fins de especificação dos modelos analíticos do que a idade ao diagnóstico dos MU(artigo 3). / The uterine myomas (UM) are considered the most frequent benign neoplasm of the female reproductive system. U.S. studies showed that UM occur more frequently among black women, but the nature of this association remains largely unexplained in the literature. In another direction, due to the characteristics of the UM (slow growth and latency period) considerable amount of epidemiological studies use a cross-sectional design, which can lead to methodological problems such as those related to the use of age collected transversally (later the occurrence of UM) as a proxy for age of onset of tumors. This thesis was divided into three parts, as follows. The first, descriptive, aimed to estimate the occurrence of self-reported UM by demographic and socio-economic characteristics in the study population (article 1). The second, whit an analytical component, aimed to evaluate the role of life-course SEP like mediator of the effect of color/race in the occurrence of self-reported UM (article 2). The third, with a methodological nature, aimed comparing measures of association between variables collected transversally, in analysis that include the covariate age at the time of data collection and analysis that considered the age at diagnosis of UM (article 3).For this, we analyzed cross-sectional data from selfadministered questionnaires completed by female civil servants at a Rio de Janeiro university during the baseline data collection of the Pró-Saúde Study. The analyzed variables were: self-reported history of medical diagnosis of UM, UM with symptoms prior to diagnosis, hysterectomy due to UM and also the socio-demographic characteristics, reproductive life and health care access variables. The results showed that UM risk increased with the age and darkening of skin color, and the lifecourse SEP did not mediate this association (articles 1 and 2); and that despite differences of small magnitude, it seems that the age at the time of data collection is less recommended than the age at diagnosis in cross-sectional analysis (article 3).
5

Relations entre Phénotypes des cancers broncho-pulmonaires, expositions professionnelles aux particules inhalées et consommation tabagique / Relationships between the phenotypes of lung cancer, occupational exposure to inhaled particles, and tobacco smoking

El Zoghbi, Mohamad 19 December 2016 (has links)
Contexte : L’objectif de cette thèse est d’étudier l’association entre l’exposition professionnelle à l'amiante et à la silice cristalline avec les phénotypes du cancer broncho-pulmonaire. Un autre objectif est d'évaluer la modification de l'effet de l'association entre le tabagisme et le type histologique, la localisation de la tumeur, et l’âge au diagnostic par l’exposition professionnelle à l'amiante ou à la silice cristalline.Méthodes : L’étude CaProMat est une étude « case-only » rétrospective qui inclut9623 cas de cancer broncho-pulmonaire Français et Canadiens. Tous les cas de cancer broncho-pulmonaire ont été identifiés d’une façon histologique. Les données ont été collectées par des fichiers médicaux et par des questionnaires standardisés.Deux Matrices Emplois-Expositions (MEEs) ont été utilisées pour évaluer rétrospectivement l'exposition professionnelle à l'amiante et à la silice cristalline.Résultats : Il n’y a pas de différence de prévalence de l'exposition professionnelle à l'amiante pour les types histologiques. Pour la silice cristalline, un excès limite de la prévalence de l'exposition a été observé pour le carcinome épidermoïde. La prévalence a été maximisée chez les cas diagnostiqués entre 50 et 59 ans pour l'amiante et moins de 50 ans pour la silice cristalline. Une exposition supplémentaire à l'amiante ou à la silice cristalline n'a pas modifié l'effet du tabagisme pour les types histologiques, la localisation de la tumeur ou l'âge au diagnostic.Conclusion : Le type histologique, la localisation de la tumeur, et l'âge au diagnostic ne peuvent pas être utilisés comme indicateurs de l'exposition professionnelle à l'amiante ou à la silice cristalline. / Introduction: The objective of this thesis was to study the association between tobacco smoking and occupational exposure to asbestos and crystalline silica with the phenotypes of lung cancer. The second objective was to assess the effect modification of the association between tobacco smoking and the phenotypes of lung cancer by occupational exposure to asbestos or to crystalline silica. Methods : The CaProMat study is a pooled retrospective case-only study consisted of9,623 French and Canadian lung cancer cases. All lung cancer cases were histologically confirmed. Data were collected from medical records and through standardized questionnaires. Two job-exposure matrices (JEMs) were used to assess the occupational exposure to asbestos and to crystalline silica. Results: We did not identify a difference of prevalence of occupational exposure to asbestos according to histological type. For crystalline silica, a borderline excess of prevalence of exposure was observed for squamous cell carcinoma. The prevalence of occupational exposure was maximized among lung cancer cases diagnosed between 50 and 59 years for asbestos and less than 50 years for crystalline silica. Additional exposure to either asbestos or crystalline silica did not modify the effect of tobacco smoking for histological type, tumor location or age at diagnosis. Conclusions: The histological type, tumor location, and age at diagnosis cannot beused as an indicator for the occupational exposure to asbestos or to crystalline silica.
6

Klinisches Management des Ullrich-Turner-Syndroms: Eine retrospektive Langzeitstudie an der Universitätskinderklinik Leipzig

Schonhoff, Peter 15 February 2012 (has links)
In dieser retrospektiven klinischen Studie wurden die Akten von 89 Patientinnen mit Ullrich-Turner-Syndrom ausgewertet, die zwischen 1974 und 2004 in der Universitätsklinik und Poliklinik für Kinder und Jugendliche in Leipzig behandelt worden sind. Berücksichtigt wurde die Verteilung der Karyotypen im Patientenkollektiv sowie das Auftreten von assoziierten Begleiterkrankungen. Das Alter bei Diagnosestellung, die Größe bei Diagnosestellung und die Gründe für die Verdachtsdiagnose Ullrich-Turner-Syndrom wurden analysiert. Darüber hinaus untersuchte der Autor die durchgeführten Maßnahmen zur Pubertätsinduktion im Hinblick auf ihren Beginn und Erfolg sowie deren Einfluss auf die Wachstumraten. Gut 50% der Patientinnen besaßen den Karyotyp 45,X, die anderen Karyotypen setzten sich aus Mosaiken zusammen. Assoziierte Begleiterkrankungen waren im Patientenkollektiv unterrepräsentiert. Das durchschnittliche Alter bei Diagnosestellung betrug 8,21 Jahre, es fiel während des Beobachtungszeitraumes signifikant ab. Der durchschnittliche Größen-SDS zum Zeitpunkt der Diagnosestellung betrug -2,86. Es wurde, verglichen mit den Empfehlungen der Leitlinien, eine verspätete Diagnosestellung konstatiert. Die Pubertätsinduktion begann mit durchschnittlich 13,93 Jahren mit einer signifikanten Reduktion im Verlauf. Die Dauer vom Beginn der Pubertätsinduktion bis zum Eintreten der Menarche betrug 2,51 Jahre, die Dauer vom Tannerstadium B2 zum Stadium B5 betrug gut 27 Monate. Eine Menarche wurde bei nur 65% der Patientinnen sicher beobachtet. Die Ergebnisse wurden kritisch überprüft und in den Kontext anderer Studien eingeordnet. Aus den Ergebnissen wurde gefolgert, dass das Ullrich-Turner-Syndrom, trotz einer positiven Entwicklung in den letzten Jahren, noch immer zu spät diagnostiziert wurde. Die Pubertätsinduktion verlief trotz der verzögerten Diagnosestellung hinsichtlich der Entwicklung der Tannerstadien erfolgreich. Demgegenüber blieb die Induktion der Menarche nur mäßig erfolgreich. Eine Beeinflussung der Wachstumraten durch die Östrogentherapie wurde nicht beobachtet.

Page generated in 0.0517 seconds