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CineScrúpulos es una revista digital que recopila los trabajos desarrollados por los alumnos en la clase de Historia del Cine de la Facultad de Comunicaciones de la UPC. El curso no pretende brindar una visión historicista del cine repleta de fechas, nombres de directores, títulos de películas y lugares exóticos, sino que intenta evidenciar la linealidad casi genética que es intrínseca al quehacer fílmico, una tradición que no solo se repite sino que se reinterpreta en distintos / John Cassavetes es uno de esos directores cuyas películas no son conocidas por millones de aficionados al cine. Inclusive, es probable que el espectador promedio se aburra sobremanera con el visionado de alguna de sus obras debido a la exasperante longitud de las secuencias, los reiterados planos fuera de foco a consecuencia del libre desplazamiento de los actores o la estructura narrativa inacabada. Pero es justamente eso lo que hace única la obra de Cassavetes: la exploración de la conducta humana más allá de las ataduras del drama convencional, la exploración de la desnudez de los sentimientos y el mecanismos de la libertad actoral para llegar a eso que el cine siempre aspira pero logra muy pocas veces: la verdad. Esta edición de CineScrúpulos explora el legado del director norteamericano, corto en cantidad pero de una calidad indiscutible. Adicionalmente a ello, esta edición explora el lado femenino del cine desde dos ópticas distintas. John Waters, el maestro indiscutible del mal gusto cinematográfico, declaró que sus películas están inspiradas en el legado de Isabel Sarli, diosa mayúscula del parnaso erótico del cine latinoamericano gracias a su participación en las obras de Armando Bo. Entonces, ¿son los personajes de Divine la encarnación directa del espíritu de la Coca o se trata de una broma del gurú indiscutible del cine trash? Desde otro ángulo, queremos provocar en el lector el visionado de algunas películas de la belga Chantal Akerman y de la francesa Agnès Varda para identificar elementos en común desde la óptica del compromiso de las directoras con los postulados del feminismo, en plena época del me too y de la reivindicación de los espacios equitativos de género. Ambas autoras son voces disidentes e importantes en la renovación del lenguaje cinematográfico.

Les films classiques ont créé des images stéréotypées féminines, en fixant des modèles déterministes du caractère féminin, des rôles féminins, de l’ « être femme ». Ces modèles risquent de supplanter la réalité, car ils réduisent la diversité des figures féminines. Depuis longtemps le féminisme a lutté contre tous les stéréotypes sexistes. Cette thèse se propose d’étudier les films d’Agnès Varda, Chantal Akerman et Catherine Corsini pour comprendre les devenir-femme(s) à travers des relations intimes et sociales. Dans leurs œuvres cinématographiques, elles rendent compte, chacune à leur manière, d’une nouvelle façon de produire des images du corps de la femme et de sa subjectivité. Les questions de la subjectivité féminine liées aux notions de désir, de jouissance, de plaisir et de sexualité rejoignent la psychanalyse pour comprendre, d’une part, le mécanisme de l’appareil cinématographique suscitant le fantasme des spectateurs, d’autre part, la possibilité d’une objectivation positive de la complexité de la figure féminine. Notre première approche se focalise sur la relation entre femmes telle que la relation mère-fille et la relation homosexuelle féminine. La deuxième envisage le contexte socioculturel dans lequel évoluent les personnages féminins des films de ces cinéastes à travers l’analyse du langage, de la narration et de l’espace cinématographiques, en s’intéressant à leurs styles, leurs esthétiques et leurs choix narratifs de la vie des femmes. Ainsi c’est le regard qui est nouvellement questionné et le maniement du dispositif cinématographique comme capables d’interroger, voire de susciter une autre subjectivité des femmes. Nous intégrons différentes approches théoriques dans l’analyse des films. Ainsi, la psychanalyse, le féminisme, la théorie queer, la sémiologie, l’esthétique vont enrichir notre réflexion sur le regard des femmes chez nos trois femmes cinéastes. / Classic films have created a stereotypical image of women by setting deterministic standards for female personality, her role and what is meant by ‘being a woman’. These standards might supplant reality, as they minimize the diversity of female figures. Feminism has long fought against gender stereotypes. This study examines films by Agnès Varda, Chantal Akerman and Catherine Corsini in order to understand the construction of femininity through intimate and social relations. In their films, each filmmaker develops unique approaches to produce images of the female body and its subjectivity. Psychoanalysis sheds light on the questions of female subjectivity related to the notions of desire, pleasure, and sexuality. It allows us to appreciate the mechanism of the camera arousing the viewers’ fantasies, as well as the possibility of a positive objectification of the complex female figure. This study first focuses on the relationships between women, such as the mother-daughter relationship and the homosexual relationship. It then explores the socio-cultural context in which the female characters live through an analysis of language, narration and space in the films, namely the filmmakers’ styles, aesthetics and narrative choices in the life of women. It examines how gender can influence the camera’s perspective and how it can question, or even produce, a new female subjectivity. Psychoanalysis, feminism, queer theory, semiology and aesthetics are all approaches which support and expand the analyses of female perspective as developed by the three women filmmakers.

[pt] Esta pesquisa tem a obra de Chantal Akerman (1950 - 2015) como o seu ponto central. A proposta foi a de descrever um filme específico de Akerman – Les Rendez-vous d Anna (1978) –, em constelação com outros de seus trabalhos. Junto ao ato de descrever Les Rendez-vous d Anna, ocorre uma reflexão acerca do próprio ato de descrever enquanto um operador, um disparador teórico e artístico. Para isso, a cineasta é colocada em interlocução constante com a poeta Anne Carson (1950) e com o filósofo Ludwig Wittgenstein (1889 - 1951). Este é um estudo que traduz em sua própria composição, cujo tecido traz elementos audiovisuais e poéticos, uma crença drástica nas forças pensantes da arte. Movendo-se pela noção mais geral de descrição, debruça-se sobre os temas da experimentação artística, do possível como categoria estética, da representação, da experiência, da música, do tempo, da autobiografia e da morte. / [en] This is a research which has the oeuvre of Chantal Akerman (1950 - 2015) as its main focus. The proposal was to describe one of Akerman s specific film - Les Rendez-vous d Anna -, in constellation with other of her works. While describing Les Rendez-vous d Anna, a reflection on the act of describing as an operator, an artistic and theoretical trigger, occurs. For that, the filmmaker is put alongside with the poet Anne Carson (1950) and the philosopher Ludwig Wittgenstein (1889 - 1951). This is a study that translates in its own composition, which has in its fabric audiovisual and poetic elements, a drastic belief in the thinking forces of art. Moving through the overview notion of description, we speak of themes such as artistic experimentation, the possible as aesthetic category, representation, experience, music, time, autobiography and death.

This paper serves to explore how female subjects are represented in films featuring a woman on the road in ways that can create a female gaze, as an alternative to the male gaze. It looks for answers in four films from the 1970s to 2016, all made by female filmmakers, which are Je, Tu, Il, Elle (1974), Vagabond (Sans Toit Ni Loi) (1978), Wendy and Lucy (2008) and American Honey (2016). All four films share approaches that reject objectification in the depiction of females, but each is distinctive in their filmi strategies. Focusing on each work individually while attempting to make comparisons with others, this paper also aims to connect the shift of strategies in these works to the related discussion in feminist film theories.

The aim of following thesis is to demonstrate the potentials of reassessing camp into a question of method. While others have argued for the definition of camp to lie in: an aesthetic; a question of taste; the extravagant theatrical; the male gay sensibility; or as an expression of parody, this thesis suggests that camp is to be found in the performative act of readings. With emphasis on ‘decoding language’, ‘the signifier/signified’ and ‘the camp eye’ I will argue for the relevance of ‘camp as method’ and situate former stated in relation to Bhabha’s concept of ‘conversational art’; a deconstructional examination of values of aesthetic experiences set into dialogue. Demonstrating for such conceptualization three theoretical approaches and themes will be outlined. First, a historical overview of camp followed by a reassessment of camp into a method. Second, an examination of possible extensions to the concept of rereading strategies within camp, including theories on queer phenomenology; queer space and time; topias and non-places; theories of curatorial methods and its agencies. And last, I will do an analysis of Moyra Davey’s video Hemlock Forest and show how Davey’s use and reference towards Chantal Akerman can be read as camp and constitutes ‘camp as method’ according to suggested reassessment.

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This dissertation sets out to analyze the manner in which the writers of dramatic fiction deconstruct the mythology and ideology of the private boys' boarding school in their work. It also seeks to interrogate the sociological and philosophical notions that underpin this fictional work. The central thrust of this dissertation is to explore the representation of the private boys' boarding school experience on the South African stage, with particular reference to writers whose work reflects their personal experiences within such institutions. Private boys' boarding schools promote the ideology that they provide a superior education based on liberal and democratic principles. These institutions supposedly oversee the development of the individual's mental, physical, spiritual, cultural and social education. The projected ideology of the private boys' boarding schools has become entrenched and has manifested itself as a pervasive mythology, which glorifies and glamourises the social reality of such institutions. This mythology is challenged and refuted by the appropriation of various sociological, and philosophical theorists, including: traditional Marxist critiques such as the theories of Samuel Bowles and Herbert Gintis (1976); structuralist theories such as those proposed by Louis Althusser (1971) and Antonio Gramsci (1971), whose notions of hegemony carry much relevance when considering private boys' boarding schools; and finally, Michel Foucault's (1977) theories of power and power hierarchies (Lotringer, 1989; Smart, 1985). Since South Africa's democratization in 1994, a number of fictional works have emerged that have engaged with the social reality of private boys' boarding schools. Most notably, two plays, Anthony Akerman's Old Boys (2000) and John van de Ruit's War Cry (1999), have highlighted issues surrounding private boys' boarding schools in South Africa. Together with a variety of texts written for different media these works have formed a critical base that, to some degree, has undermined the supremely positive resonance of the entrenched private school mythology, and in so doing, challenge the projected ideology. This dissertation's prime focus is on South African private boys' boarding schools; however, it also includes texts that articulate the social reality of private education in England and America. These texts are relevant firstly because the South African private schools are modeled very closely on the English public school system and secondly, because their inclusion adds weight and variety to the discussion. Important areas of study within this dissertation will be the interpretation of the various thematic concerns raised, and character constructions created by the various writers. This will be underpinned by the theoretical framework, which analyzes systems of power and power hierarchies, and the notion of hegemonic masculinity. Finally, the private boys' boarding school will be examined as a site for hegemonic struggle where power and privilege are continually contested in a relationship characterized by coercion and consent. The critical discourse of the fictional texts and its theoretical underpinning will be placed in opposition to the elitist mythology of the private boys' boarding school and the ideology that these institutions espouse. / Thesis (M.A.)-University of Natal, Durban, 2001.

Mimalism represents a film style which still partially predominates on the contemporary art festivals although it reached its peak during in the beginning of the 21. century. Minimalism is a style which supresses the pallete of formalistic tools, expressive elements and typical narative structures and drama. It also works extensively with time and the depiction of everyday. Minimalistic cinema experience thus stimulates the audience to make their own interpretations of the story and the form altogether. The aim of this work is to analyze those historical cinema tendencies that bear most resemblance to the modern style of minimalism. I consider these films (and styles) to be the most predetermenative to the style of minimalism: Italian neorealism, spiritual work of Ozu and Bresson, experimental structural movies, the cinematic masterpiece Jean Dielman, 23 Commerce Quay, 1080 Brussels from Chantal Akerman and Antonionis movies with their narative structure.

Thesis (M.F.A.)--Boston University PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you. / The purpose of this thesis is to closely analyze some of the individual authorial voices that have emerged from contemporary Romanian cinema. Billed by the international critical establishment as a "New Wave," the recent slate of Romanian productions, while very successful on the international festival circuit, still lacks an apt conceptualization of the precise characteristics that set these new filmmakers apart, not only from other international directors, but also from one another. The analysis focuses on six recent productions: Stuffand Dough (2001), The Death of Mr. Lazarescu (2005) and Aurora (2010) by Cristi Puiu, 12:08 East of Bucharest (2006) and Police, Adjective (2010) by Corneliu Porumboiu, and The Autobiography of Nicolae Ceausescu (2010) by Andrei Ujica, breaking down the individual authorial characteristics and thematic and stylistic concerns of each filmmaker and contextualizing them within the larger history of Romanian film, as well as the trajectories of international art cinema.