Spelling suggestions: "subject:"aldose reductase"" "subject:"aldoses reductase""
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Generation of Human Aldose Reductase Mutants of Cys298Oder, Daniel O. 24 September 2015 (has links)
No description available.
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Studies on the Recombinant Mutants of the Cys-298 Residue of Human Aldose ReductaseUdeigwe, Emeka J. 05 October 2015 (has links)
No description available.
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Caracterização do gene que codifica a enzima sorbitol desidrogenase em milho / Characterization of maize sorbitol dehydrogenaseSousa, Sylvia Morais de 06 August 2018 (has links)
Orientadores: Jose Andres Yunes, Paulo Arruda / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-06T03:29:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
Sousa_SylviaMoraisde_D.pdf: 2327103 bytes, checksum: 46b30ffc017a15b7cd82326bbf0adc53 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: A análise do banco de ESTs de endosperma de milho (MAIZEST) revelou que o gene da sorbitol desidrogenase (SDH) é o transcrito mais abundante no início do desenvolvimento da semente (aos 10 dias após a polinização - DAP). A SDH cataliza a redução NADH-dependente da frutose em sorbitol ou a oxidação do sorbitol em frutose. Em Rosaceae esta enzima tem um importante papel na translocação do sorbitol das folhas para os frutos e no armazenamento da frutose nos frutos. A semente de milho, todavia, não acumula frutose nem sorbitol, que portanto, deve ser um metabólito intermediário. A atividade bioquímica da SDH de milho já havia sido caracterizada, porém não havia informações sobre sua estrutura genômica. Visando estudar o gene da SDH, a seqüência genômica completa foi seqüenciada. A região codificante da SDH mostrou-se muito conservada, o que não ocorre com as regiões não codificantes. Inclusive, ocorrendo uma perda de introns entre as diferentes espécies de plantas. Análises de Southem blot e isoenzima indicaram que há apenas um loeus de SDH em milho. As análises de Northem blot e atividade enzimática confirmaram que a expressão está restrita ao endosperma, e que começa logo após a polinização, I atingindo o ápice aos 15 DAP e caindo a níveis baixos aos 25 DAP. A localização enzimática in situ mostrou que a atividade está restrita ao endosperma amiláceo, mais especificamente na região basal da semente, próxima ao embrião. Os mutantes sugary1 e shrunken2, que acumulam mais açúcares, têm uma maior atividade de SDH. A injeção de até 150 mM de sacarose na semente de milho causou um aumento de atividade de SDH, confirmando os resultados obtidos com os mutantes. Esse aumento parece ser ao nível transcricional e ser regulado pelo intron 1. O intron 1 parece controlar não apenas à reposta a sacarose, mas também a resposta à hipoxia. O papel do sorbitol e da SDH nas sementes de milho em desenvolvimento parece ser crucial, porém permanece indefinido. O sorbitol é encontrado nos embriões de milho, apesar de não ter sido encontrada atividade da SDH. Além disso, foi demonstrado que os embriões conseguem se desenvolver tendo como única fonte de carbono o sorbitol. Foram encontrados ESTs no MAIZEST de um transportador de sorbitol no endosperma
e de aldose redutase (AR), capaz de converter sorbitol em glicose, no embrião. Foi mostrado também que o sorbitol pode ser transportado do endosperma para o embrião. Desta forma, podemos sugerir a partir dos resultados que o sorbitol pode ser translocado do endosperma para o embrião pelo transportador de sorbitol e ser convertido em glicose pela AR no interior do embrião. Nossos resultados indicam que o sorbitol pode atuar de três maneiras; primeiro como um açúcar que é transportado de modo não vascular do endosperma para o embrião; segundo, como um metabólito intermediário; e terceiro, servindo como um escape para o excesso de NAD(P)H formado no interior hipóxico da semente. Os resultados apresentados nesta tese mostram um mecanismo inédito de interação metabólica entre o embrião e o endosperma, mediado pelo sorbitol, cuja síntese na semente, até então, era tida como um caminho "sem saída" / Abstract: At 10 DAP (days after pollinization) sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH) was found to be the most abundant transcript, as depicted by the number of reads in the MAIZEST database. SDH catalyzes the NADH-dependent reduction of fructose to sorbitol or the oxidation of sorbitol to fructose. In Rosaceae, this enzyme has an important role in the sorbitol translocation from leaves to fruits and fructose storage in fruits. Maize endosperm, however, does not store fructose or sorbitol. The biochemical activity of SDH was already characterized, but there is no information about SDH genomic structure. Trying to understand better this gene we sequenced a complete genomic SDH sequence. Amino acid sequence comparisons showed SDH to be highly eonserved, but the non-coding sequences were not, and an intron loss has occurred among plant species. Southern blot and isoenzyme analyses indicated that there is only one SDH loeus in maize. Northern blot and enzyme activity analyses confirmed that SDH expression is restricted to the endosperm, starting early after pollinization, reaehing a peak at 15 DAP and decreasing to low levels after 25 DAP. The in situ loealization of SDH activity revealed that the enzyme is expressed ali over the amilaceous endosperm, more especifically in the basal region. Sugary1 and Shrunken2 mutants, that store more sugar, had a higher SDH activity. Upon injection of up to 150 mM of sucrose in maize ear SDH activity incresead, confirming the mutant's results. Sueh increase seemed to be at the transcriptionallevel and regulated by the first intron. The first intron seems to control not only sucrose, but also hypoxia response. The role of sorbitol in developing maize kernels is potentially pivotal, but remains undefined. Suerose arriving at the kernel base is metabolized into fructose, which can be converted to sorbitol by SDH. This is a highly active enzyme in maize endosperm, but not in embryos. Still, there is considerable sorbitol in maize embryos. We verified that embryos eould grow having only sorbitol as a carbon source. We have found sorbitol transporter ESTs in endosperm and aldose-reductase, which can convert sorbitol into glueose, ESTs in embryo. We also demonstrated that sorbitol can be transported into the embryo. So, we hypothesize that sorbitol can be translocated into the embryo by sorbitol transporters, and inside the embryo, AR may convert sorbitol into glucose. In summary, SDH activity and sorbitol synthesis may contribute in three critica I ways during seed development; first as a non-vascular transport sugar moving from endosperm to embryo; second, as an intermediate metabolite largely isolated frem sugar-signaling paths; and third, as a much-needed shuttle for excess NAD(P)H forming in the hypoxic kernel interior. The presented results showed a new mechanism of embryo-endosperm interaction, mediated by sorbitol, which was considered a dead end, until now / Doutorado / Genetica Vegetal e Melhoramento / Doutor em Genetica e Biologia Molecular
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Studies on the Crystallographic Phasing of Proteins: Substructure Validation and MAD-phased Electron Density Maps at Atomic Resolution / Studien zur kristallographischen Phasierung von Proteinen: Substruktur-Validierung und MAD-phasierte Elektronendichtekarten bei atomarer AuflösungDall'Antonia, Fabio 06 November 2003 (has links)
No description available.
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Inhibitory Properties of Functional Food Plants on CYP Enzymes and Cree Traditional Medicines on Aldose ReductaseNguyen, San 23 June 2011 (has links)
This thesis examines the cytochrom P450 (CYP) drug metabolizing enzyme inhibition and antimicrobial properties of 46 common food plants available in the Canadian Market and the inhibitory properties of 17 traditional Cree antidiabetic medicines on aldose reductase. Inhibitory activity profiles of CYP 3A4, 3A5, 3A7 and 2D6 were created for the 46 samples. The most active plants in the CYP inhibition assay were the spices, belonging to the Apiaceae and Lamiaceae. Similarly, the most active plants in the antimicrobial assay were also the Apiaceae and Lamiaceae. Swine lens homogenate was tested as a novel model for the aldose reductase inhibition assay. Several Cree plants selected for the aldose reductase study showed a high activity, primarily in samples which also contained high levels of phenolics. A positive correlation was observed between total phenolics content and aldose reductase inhibition r2=0.44, p=0.05. Crude extracts of Rhododendron groenlandicum exhibited inhibitory activities of 35.11 ± 0.16 %. The subfractionation and HPLC analysis of R. groenlandicum revealed high levels of phenolics compounds including, catechin, epicatechin, quercetin and quercetin glycosides. This study found that medicinal and food plants contain phytochemicals that may have both beneficial and detrimental biological effects. / Nous avons étudié dans cette thèse les capacités de 46 plantes comestibles, disponibles sur le marché canadien, à inhiber le cytochrome P450 (CYP), enzyme responsable du métabolisme des médicaments, les propriétés antimicrobiennes, et les propriétés inhibitrices de l'aldose réductase à partir de 17 médicaments antidiabétiques traditionnellement utilisés par les Cris. Les profils de l'activité inhibitrice du CYP 3A4, 3A5, 3A7 et 2D6 ont été réalisés pour les 46 plantes à l'étude. Les plantes les plus actives dans le test d'inhibition du CYP furent les épices, plantes appartenant aux familles des Apiaceae et Lamiaceae. De même, les plantes les plus actives dans le bioessai antimicrobien furent aussi les plantes de ces deux mêmes familles. Un homogénat de cristallin de porc a été utilisé comme modèle nouveau pour le test d'inhibition de l'aldose réductase. Plusieurs plantes, utilisées par la nation Cri, qui ont été sélectionnées pour l'étude ont montré une forte activité inhibitrice de l’aldose réductase, principalement dans les échantillons qui contenaient des teneurs élevées en composés phénoliques. Une corrélation positive a été observée entre la teneur totale en composés phénoliques et l'inhibition de l'aldose réductase (r2 = 0.44, p = 0.05). Des extraits bruts de Rhododendron groenlandicum ont montré des activités inhibitrices de 35.11 ± 0.16%. Le sous-fractionnement et l'analyse HPLC de R. groenlandicum ont aussi révélé des teneurs élevées des composés phénoliques, incluant la catéchine, l'épicatéchine, la quercétine et les glycosides de quercétine. Cette étude a montré que les plantes médicinales et alimentaires contiennent des composés phytochimiques qui peuvent avoir à la fois des effets biologiques bénéfique et préjudiciable.
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Inhibitory Properties of Functional Food Plants on CYP Enzymes and Cree Traditional Medicines on Aldose ReductaseNguyen, San 23 June 2011 (has links)
This thesis examines the cytochrom P450 (CYP) drug metabolizing enzyme inhibition and antimicrobial properties of 46 common food plants available in the Canadian Market and the inhibitory properties of 17 traditional Cree antidiabetic medicines on aldose reductase. Inhibitory activity profiles of CYP 3A4, 3A5, 3A7 and 2D6 were created for the 46 samples. The most active plants in the CYP inhibition assay were the spices, belonging to the Apiaceae and Lamiaceae. Similarly, the most active plants in the antimicrobial assay were also the Apiaceae and Lamiaceae. Swine lens homogenate was tested as a novel model for the aldose reductase inhibition assay. Several Cree plants selected for the aldose reductase study showed a high activity, primarily in samples which also contained high levels of phenolics. A positive correlation was observed between total phenolics content and aldose reductase inhibition r2=0.44, p=0.05. Crude extracts of Rhododendron groenlandicum exhibited inhibitory activities of 35.11 ± 0.16 %. The subfractionation and HPLC analysis of R. groenlandicum revealed high levels of phenolics compounds including, catechin, epicatechin, quercetin and quercetin glycosides. This study found that medicinal and food plants contain phytochemicals that may have both beneficial and detrimental biological effects. / Nous avons étudié dans cette thèse les capacités de 46 plantes comestibles, disponibles sur le marché canadien, à inhiber le cytochrome P450 (CYP), enzyme responsable du métabolisme des médicaments, les propriétés antimicrobiennes, et les propriétés inhibitrices de l'aldose réductase à partir de 17 médicaments antidiabétiques traditionnellement utilisés par les Cris. Les profils de l'activité inhibitrice du CYP 3A4, 3A5, 3A7 et 2D6 ont été réalisés pour les 46 plantes à l'étude. Les plantes les plus actives dans le test d'inhibition du CYP furent les épices, plantes appartenant aux familles des Apiaceae et Lamiaceae. De même, les plantes les plus actives dans le bioessai antimicrobien furent aussi les plantes de ces deux mêmes familles. Un homogénat de cristallin de porc a été utilisé comme modèle nouveau pour le test d'inhibition de l'aldose réductase. Plusieurs plantes, utilisées par la nation Cri, qui ont été sélectionnées pour l'étude ont montré une forte activité inhibitrice de l’aldose réductase, principalement dans les échantillons qui contenaient des teneurs élevées en composés phénoliques. Une corrélation positive a été observée entre la teneur totale en composés phénoliques et l'inhibition de l'aldose réductase (r2 = 0.44, p = 0.05). Des extraits bruts de Rhododendron groenlandicum ont montré des activités inhibitrices de 35.11 ± 0.16%. Le sous-fractionnement et l'analyse HPLC de R. groenlandicum ont aussi révélé des teneurs élevées des composés phénoliques, incluant la catéchine, l'épicatéchine, la quercétine et les glycosides de quercétine. Cette étude a montré que les plantes médicinales et alimentaires contiennent des composés phytochimiques qui peuvent avoir à la fois des effets biologiques bénéfique et préjudiciable.
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Inhibitory Properties of Functional Food Plants on CYP Enzymes and Cree Traditional Medicines on Aldose ReductaseNguyen, San 23 June 2011 (has links)
This thesis examines the cytochrom P450 (CYP) drug metabolizing enzyme inhibition and antimicrobial properties of 46 common food plants available in the Canadian Market and the inhibitory properties of 17 traditional Cree antidiabetic medicines on aldose reductase. Inhibitory activity profiles of CYP 3A4, 3A5, 3A7 and 2D6 were created for the 46 samples. The most active plants in the CYP inhibition assay were the spices, belonging to the Apiaceae and Lamiaceae. Similarly, the most active plants in the antimicrobial assay were also the Apiaceae and Lamiaceae. Swine lens homogenate was tested as a novel model for the aldose reductase inhibition assay. Several Cree plants selected for the aldose reductase study showed a high activity, primarily in samples which also contained high levels of phenolics. A positive correlation was observed between total phenolics content and aldose reductase inhibition r2=0.44, p=0.05. Crude extracts of Rhododendron groenlandicum exhibited inhibitory activities of 35.11 ± 0.16 %. The subfractionation and HPLC analysis of R. groenlandicum revealed high levels of phenolics compounds including, catechin, epicatechin, quercetin and quercetin glycosides. This study found that medicinal and food plants contain phytochemicals that may have both beneficial and detrimental biological effects. / Nous avons étudié dans cette thèse les capacités de 46 plantes comestibles, disponibles sur le marché canadien, à inhiber le cytochrome P450 (CYP), enzyme responsable du métabolisme des médicaments, les propriétés antimicrobiennes, et les propriétés inhibitrices de l'aldose réductase à partir de 17 médicaments antidiabétiques traditionnellement utilisés par les Cris. Les profils de l'activité inhibitrice du CYP 3A4, 3A5, 3A7 et 2D6 ont été réalisés pour les 46 plantes à l'étude. Les plantes les plus actives dans le test d'inhibition du CYP furent les épices, plantes appartenant aux familles des Apiaceae et Lamiaceae. De même, les plantes les plus actives dans le bioessai antimicrobien furent aussi les plantes de ces deux mêmes familles. Un homogénat de cristallin de porc a été utilisé comme modèle nouveau pour le test d'inhibition de l'aldose réductase. Plusieurs plantes, utilisées par la nation Cri, qui ont été sélectionnées pour l'étude ont montré une forte activité inhibitrice de l’aldose réductase, principalement dans les échantillons qui contenaient des teneurs élevées en composés phénoliques. Une corrélation positive a été observée entre la teneur totale en composés phénoliques et l'inhibition de l'aldose réductase (r2 = 0.44, p = 0.05). Des extraits bruts de Rhododendron groenlandicum ont montré des activités inhibitrices de 35.11 ± 0.16%. Le sous-fractionnement et l'analyse HPLC de R. groenlandicum ont aussi révélé des teneurs élevées des composés phénoliques, incluant la catéchine, l'épicatéchine, la quercétine et les glycosides de quercétine. Cette étude a montré que les plantes médicinales et alimentaires contiennent des composés phytochimiques qui peuvent avoir à la fois des effets biologiques bénéfique et préjudiciable.
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Inhibitory Properties of Functional Food Plants on CYP Enzymes and Cree Traditional Medicines on Aldose ReductaseNguyen, San January 2011 (has links)
This thesis examines the cytochrom P450 (CYP) drug metabolizing enzyme inhibition and antimicrobial properties of 46 common food plants available in the Canadian Market and the inhibitory properties of 17 traditional Cree antidiabetic medicines on aldose reductase. Inhibitory activity profiles of CYP 3A4, 3A5, 3A7 and 2D6 were created for the 46 samples. The most active plants in the CYP inhibition assay were the spices, belonging to the Apiaceae and Lamiaceae. Similarly, the most active plants in the antimicrobial assay were also the Apiaceae and Lamiaceae. Swine lens homogenate was tested as a novel model for the aldose reductase inhibition assay. Several Cree plants selected for the aldose reductase study showed a high activity, primarily in samples which also contained high levels of phenolics. A positive correlation was observed between total phenolics content and aldose reductase inhibition r2=0.44, p=0.05. Crude extracts of Rhododendron groenlandicum exhibited inhibitory activities of 35.11 ± 0.16 %. The subfractionation and HPLC analysis of R. groenlandicum revealed high levels of phenolics compounds including, catechin, epicatechin, quercetin and quercetin glycosides. This study found that medicinal and food plants contain phytochemicals that may have both beneficial and detrimental biological effects. / Nous avons étudié dans cette thèse les capacités de 46 plantes comestibles, disponibles sur le marché canadien, à inhiber le cytochrome P450 (CYP), enzyme responsable du métabolisme des médicaments, les propriétés antimicrobiennes, et les propriétés inhibitrices de l'aldose réductase à partir de 17 médicaments antidiabétiques traditionnellement utilisés par les Cris. Les profils de l'activité inhibitrice du CYP 3A4, 3A5, 3A7 et 2D6 ont été réalisés pour les 46 plantes à l'étude. Les plantes les plus actives dans le test d'inhibition du CYP furent les épices, plantes appartenant aux familles des Apiaceae et Lamiaceae. De même, les plantes les plus actives dans le bioessai antimicrobien furent aussi les plantes de ces deux mêmes familles. Un homogénat de cristallin de porc a été utilisé comme modèle nouveau pour le test d'inhibition de l'aldose réductase. Plusieurs plantes, utilisées par la nation Cri, qui ont été sélectionnées pour l'étude ont montré une forte activité inhibitrice de l’aldose réductase, principalement dans les échantillons qui contenaient des teneurs élevées en composés phénoliques. Une corrélation positive a été observée entre la teneur totale en composés phénoliques et l'inhibition de l'aldose réductase (r2 = 0.44, p = 0.05). Des extraits bruts de Rhododendron groenlandicum ont montré des activités inhibitrices de 35.11 ± 0.16%. Le sous-fractionnement et l'analyse HPLC de R. groenlandicum ont aussi révélé des teneurs élevées des composés phénoliques, incluant la catéchine, l'épicatéchine, la quercétine et les glycosides de quercétine. Cette étude a montré que les plantes médicinales et alimentaires contiennent des composés phytochimiques qui peuvent avoir à la fois des effets biologiques bénéfique et préjudiciable.
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Kristallstrukturen der Aldose-Reduktase und der C2A-Domäne von Rabphilin3A sowie Überprüfungen neuer Restraints. / Crystal structures of Aldose Reductase, C2A domain of Rabphilin3A and tests of new restraints.Biadene, Marianna 04 July 2006 (has links)
No description available.
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