Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-01T21:35:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 tese_10327_Tese Doutorado_Gustavo Amorim.pdf: 3119115 bytes, checksum: 22a0653efe37fa5044f9c17c7a071cfe (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-07-21 / Psoríase é uma doença inflamatória crônica, autoimune que atinge 2-3% da população mundial. Nas fases iniciais de desencadeamento da doença, estudos mostram que a proteína chemerina exerce um papel fundamental. A Relação Nacional de Medicamentos Essenciais (RENAME) propõe o uso tópico com fins terapêuticos do extrato vegetal da Aloe vera barbadensis contra a psoríase por suas propriedades imunomoduladoras e anti inflamatórias. Para investigação de tais efeitos, o presente trabalho reproduziu um modelo murino In Vivo com fenótipo semelhante à psoríase via aplicação tópica do fármaco imiquimode (IMQ), tratando os animais com creme de Aloe vera à 70% e comparando-os aos controles. Adicionalmente, biopsias da pele dos animais foram testadas quanto à atividade enzimática da mieloperoxidase (MPO) como indicativo de atividade neutrofílica. O modelo In Vitro, utilizou linhagens celulares de queratinócitos imortalizados para avaliação do potencial cicatricional do extrato concentrado 200:1 em pó liofilizado (AVFDE) via Ensaio do Arranhão. Fibroblastos primários dermais humanos foram usados para avaliar o potencial modulador sobre a expressão constitutiva da chemerina e de três citocinas pró-inflamatórias em seus sobrenadantes frente ao uso de AVFDE e cinco fitoconstituintes incluindo o polissacarídeo Acemannan (ACM). Para tal, empregou-se o método ELISA e a citometria de fluxo. O fenótipo psoríasico humano em camundongos via indução por IMQ foi parcialmente reproduzido. A atividade (MPO) mostrou-se menor em animais tratados topicamente com o creme de Aloe vera à 70%. In Vitro observou-se que o AVFDE 50ug/ml reduziu a expressão da quimiocina MCP-1 e à 250ug/ml elevou a expressão de IL-8. ACM 250ug/ml aumentou os níveis de expressão de IL-8 e IL-6. Acemannan (ACM) nas duas concentrações testadas reduziu significativamente a expressão de chemerina. Aloeresina A na concentração 20uM elevou a expressão de IL-6. Nenhum fitoesterol nas concentrações testadas elicitou efeitos sobre os níveis de expressão das citocinas ou da chemerina. Os resultados sugerem que o uso terapêutico com objetivos imunoestimulador e anti inflamatório do extrato do Aloe vera precisa ser melhor avaliado, mas demonstra potencial no tratamento nas fases iniciais da psoríase desde que sejam padronizados os teores mínimos de fitocompostos bioativos como o Acemannan nas apresentações farmacêuticas comercializadas.

The effects of skin burn injury on the levels of oxidized and reduced glutthione, malondialdehyde, and on the activities of glutathione peroxidase, glutathione S-transferase, and glutathione reductase were determined in liver and lung of rabbit models, 24-h post-burn.

Submitted by Socorro Pontes (socorrop@ufersa.edu.br) on 2017-05-12T12:16:29Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ThiagoGC_DISSERT.pdf: 3396774 bytes, checksum: f3817a3af241b189448e74cd442634c0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-12T12:16:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ThiagoGC_DISSERT.pdf: 3396774 bytes, checksum: f3817a3af241b189448e74cd442634c0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-11-30 / The jiboias (Boa constrictor) are tropical snakes that can present an average length of 3.5 m, occupying most of the Brazilian biomes. It is one of the most common snake species found in zoological collections in Brazil, being used as a tool for environmental and leisure education. The maintenance of these animals in captivity, associated with management errors, predisposes to the appearance of cutaneous lesions that, if not treated, can compromise the health and / or quality of life of these animals. Thus, the importance of identifying and developing the best agents for healing is hoped that they will be preferentially accessible and inexpensive, like some herbal medicines. This study followed the cicatrization of aloe vera, EB1 and EB2, gel and total leaf, respectively, in 12 jiboias (Boa constrictor), by means of macroscopic daily evaluations, for 40 consecutive days. Appearance of the wound in terms of color, gloss, crust formation and exudation. The obtained data evidenced differences in relation to the control group, demonstrating the effect of this phytotherapic on the cicatrisation / As jiboias (Boa constrictor) são serpentes tropicais que podem apresentar um comprimento médio de 3,5 m, ocupando a maioria dos biomas brasileiros. É uma das espécies de serpentes mais encontradas em coleções de zoológicos no Brasil, sendo utilizada como ferramenta de educação ambiental e lazer. A manutenção desses animais em cativeiro, associado a erros de manejo, predispõe ao aparecimento de lesões cutâneas que, se não forem tratadas, podem comprometer a saúde e/ou a qualidade de vida desses animais. Destaca-se assim, a importância de identificar e desenvolver os melhores agentes promotores da cicatrização, esperando que eles sejam preferencialmente de fácil acesso e baixo custo, como alguns fitoterápicos. Diante disso, este estudo acompanhou o efeito cicatrizante de extratos hidroalcóolicos da babosa (Aloe vera), EB1 e EB2, gel e folha total respectivamente, em 12 jiboias (Boa constrictor), através de avaliações macroscópicas diárias, durante 40 dias consecutivos, quanto ao aspecto da ferida em termos de cor, brilho, formação de crosta e exsudação, além de análises histológicas a cada 5 dias. Os dados obtidos evidenciaram diferenças em relação ao grupo controle, demostrando o efeito desse fitoterápico sobre a cicatrização / 2017-05-12

by Liu Chi. / "July, 2003." / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 270-283). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, MI : ProQuest Information and Learning Company, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Mode of access: World Wide Web. / Abstracts in English and Chinese.

The oral route of administration remains the preferred route of administrating drugs due to patient acceptance and compliance. Therapeutic proteins are currently mainly administered by means of the parenteral route because of its low intestinal epithelial permeation capability. The major challenges for oral delivery of proteins and peptides are pre-systemic enzymatic degradation and poor penetration of the intestinal mucosa. The latter can be overcome by including safe and effective absorption enhancers in dosage forms. Aloe vera, Aloe ferox and Aloe marlothii gel materials as well as N-trimethyl chitosan chloride (TMC) were shown to be capable of increasing peptide drug transport across in vitro models such as Caco-2 cell monolayers. The purpose of this study is to investigate binary combinations of chemical drug absorption enhancers and to determine if synergistic drug absorption enhancement effects exist. A. vera, A. ferox and A. marlothii leaf gel materials as well as with N-trimethyl chitosan chloride (TMC) were combined in different ratios and their effects on the transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) as well as the transport of FITC-dextran across Caco-2 cell monolayers were measured. The isobole method was applied to determine the type of interaction that exists between the absorption enhancers combinations. The TEER results showed synergism existed for the combinations between A. vera and A. marlothii, A. marlothii and A. ferox as well as A. vera and TMC. Antagonism interactions also occurred and can probably be explained by chemical reactions between the chemical permeation enhancers such as complex formation. In terms of FITC-dextran transport, synergism was found for combinations between A. vera and A. marlothii, A. marlothii and A. ferox, A. vera and TMC, A. ferox and TMC and A. marlothii and TMC, whereas antagonism was observed for A. vera and A. ferox. The combinations where synergism was obtained have the potential to be used as effective drug absorption enhancers at lower concentrations compared to single components. / MSc (Pharmaceutics), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015

The oral route of administration remains the preferred route of administrating drugs due to patient acceptance and compliance. Therapeutic proteins are currently mainly administered by means of the parenteral route because of its low intestinal epithelial permeation capability. The major challenges for oral delivery of proteins and peptides are pre-systemic enzymatic degradation and poor penetration of the intestinal mucosa. The latter can be overcome by including safe and effective absorption enhancers in dosage forms. Aloe vera, Aloe ferox and Aloe marlothii gel materials as well as N-trimethyl chitosan chloride (TMC) were shown to be capable of increasing peptide drug transport across in vitro models such as Caco-2 cell monolayers. The purpose of this study is to investigate binary combinations of chemical drug absorption enhancers and to determine if synergistic drug absorption enhancement effects exist. A. vera, A. ferox and A. marlothii leaf gel materials as well as with N-trimethyl chitosan chloride (TMC) were combined in different ratios and their effects on the transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) as well as the transport of FITC-dextran across Caco-2 cell monolayers were measured. The isobole method was applied to determine the type of interaction that exists between the absorption enhancers combinations. The TEER results showed synergism existed for the combinations between A. vera and A. marlothii, A. marlothii and A. ferox as well as A. vera and TMC. Antagonism interactions also occurred and can probably be explained by chemical reactions between the chemical permeation enhancers such as complex formation. In terms of FITC-dextran transport, synergism was found for combinations between A. vera and A. marlothii, A. marlothii and A. ferox, A. vera and TMC, A. ferox and TMC and A. marlothii and TMC, whereas antagonism was observed for A. vera and A. ferox. The combinations where synergism was obtained have the potential to be used as effective drug absorption enhancers at lower concentrations compared to single components. / MSc (Pharmaceutics), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015

Se evaluó el efecto antiinflamatorio y cicatrizante del Gel del extracto de Aloe vera y su contenido (sábila) procedente de Lima, se preparó el Gel del extracto de Aloe vera al 20% que fue aplicado por vía tópica en 40 pacientes entre las edades 20 a 50 años, de ambos sexos, en el Establecimiento de Salud Ganimedes DISA LIMA ESTE del Ministerio de Salud, y otro grupo de 40 pacientes (grupo control) sin la aplicación del Gel del extracto de Aloe vera, comparando ambos casos se demostró la eficacia antiinflamatoria y cicatrizante del Gel del extracto de Aloe vera, que consistió en el control de la medición de la inflamación y la herida leve cerrada al paciente, desde su llegada por Emergencia (tópico) al establecimiento de Salud, por efecto de un trauma accidental o por otra índole; primero se evalúo el estado general del paciente para un diagnóstico médico, luego se plantea para su consentimiento del estudio a realizar, iniciando el uso tópico mediante controles de observación y medición de la zona inflamada y herida leve cerrada, así como el cambio de color de la piel y reacciones adversas que puede ocasionar el uso tópico hasta su recuperación total. El estudio del Gel del extracto de Aloe vera (sábila) de acuerdo con los ensayos efectuados y los objetivos generales propuestos, han demostrado su efecto anti inflamatorio y cicatrizante en la parte externa de la piel, el cual se realizó por el método mecánico y tópico. El Gel del extracto de Aloe vera, es un producto natural muy económico, de acceso fácil en su elaboración, presentando actividad antiinflamatoria y cicatrizante, administrada por vía tópica en los pacientes tratados en mención. La calidad de la inflamación y la cicatrización obtenida con Gel del extracto de Aloe vera demuestra que es de gran utilidad en tratamiento dermatológico o en cirugía plástica, obteniendo mejores resultados en regeneración de tejido o piel y epitelización de las heridas. Palabras clave:Gel del extracto de Aloe vera, efecto: antiinflamatorio y cicatrizante, Dermatológico. / The effect of anti-inflammatory and healing gel of Aloe vera and its contents (Aloe vera) from Lima, was prepared Gel Aloe vera extract 20% was applied topically to 40 patients aged 20 to 50, of both sexes, in the health facility Ganymede DISA LIMA EAST Ministry of Health, and another group of 40 patients (control group) without the application Gel of Aloe vera, comparing both anti-inflammatory efficacy was demonstrated Scar Gel and Aloe vera extract, which consisted medicine control inflammation and mild closed injury to the patient, since his arrival in Emergency (topical) the establishment of Health, due to accidental trauma or other nature, first performed an overall patient for a medical diagnosis, then posed for consent to conduct the study, starting with the topical use of observation and measurement controls the inflamed area and minor wound closed, and the change of color of the skin and can cause adverse reactions to topical total. The recovery study Gel Aloe vera (Aloe) according to those tests and the general objectives proposed have demonstrated its anti inflammatory and healing on the outside of the skin, which is performed by the mechanical method and topical. The gel of Aloe vera is a natural product very economical, easy to access in their development, presenting antiinflammatory and healing, administered topically in patients treated in mention. The inflammation and scarring gel obtained Aloe vera extract shows that it is of great use in treating dermatological or plastic surgery, obtaining better results in tissue regeneration or epithelialization of skin wounds. Key words: Gel of Aloe vera Extract, effect: anti-inflammatory and healing, Dermatology.

For centuries Aloe vera has been exploited for several verified and unverified medicinal uses such as wound healing, treatment of gastrointestinal ulcers and for its many biological effects including anti-microbial, laxative, anti-inflammatory and immunostimulatory activities. Studies have generally focused on its effects in vitro and in adults. When nursing mothers use Aloe vera extracts, their suckling infants are at risk of indirect exposure to Aloe vera via breast feeding or directly as dietary/health supplements. The gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of the neonate is sensitive to dietary manipulations during the suckling period with long lasting effects that can be irreversible. Thus babies may be at risk if administered Aloe vera extracts directly as dietary supplements or indirectly via breast milk. The main objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of orally administered aqueous and alcohol extracts of Aloe vera on growth performance, the morphometry and morphology of the gastrointestinal tract and accessory organs, and liver function of suckling rats. Suckling Sprague-Dawley rats (77), males (n=38) and females (n=39) of 6 days old were randomly assigned to one of five treatment groups and given once daily by oral gavage a suspension of lyophilized crude alcohol or aqueous extracts of Aloe vera suspended in distilled water. Group I (control) was gavaged with distilled water (vehicle). Group II received a low dose of the aqueous extract (AqL) at 50mg. kg-1; Group III received a high dose of the aqueous extract (AqH) at 500mg. kg-1; Group IV received a low dose of the alcohol extract (AlcL) at 50mg. kg-1 whilst Group V received a high dose of the alcohol extract (AlcH) at 500mg. kg-1. The extracts and distilled water were 2 administered at a volume of 10ml.kg-1. The pups remained with their dams for the duration of the study and after 8 days on the treatments, the pups were humanely killed to harvest their tissues for measurements and physiological analysis. All data were expressed as mean ± SD and analyzed by one way ANOVA, the values were considered statistically significant when p < 0.05 and then a Bonferroni Post hoc test was applied. The suckling rats fed respectively with high doses of AlcH and AqH had a significantly higher body mass gain than the other groups (p < 0.05, one way ANOVA). Linear growth as measured by tibial length was significantly increased in the AqH group compared to the other groups. There was no significant difference in the mass and relative density of the tibia bones of the rats from the different treatment groups. The differences in growth could not be attributed to circulating concentrations of the somatotrophic hormone, Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) which was not significantly different between the groups. The treatments did not result in any significant differences in lengths, and mass of the small and large intestine, however the caecum was significantly enlarged (hypertrophy of muscularis, submucosa and mucosa) in the rats that received the Aloe vera extracts. Although, there was no significant difference in the mass of the rats’ livers, the lipid and glycogen content were significantly higher (p < 0.001) for the AqH group compared to the other groups. Histologically, the hepatocytes showed enlarged nuclei, granular cytoplasm and dilated sinusoids for AqH and AlcH as compared to the control group. An indirect assessment of liver function by measurement of blood concentrations of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and alanine amino transaminase (ALT) did not reveal a significant difference between the groups. The non fasting concentration of metabolic substrates (glucose and triglycerides) was also not significantly different between the groups. The pups given high doses of the extracts had a significantly greater (p < 0.05) thymus mass (hyperplastic) than the other groups. The short term administration of Aloe vera extracts has shown a growth promoting effect, enhanced hepatic storage of metabolic substrates and hypertrophy of the caecum and thymus of neonatal rats. These effects need to be explored further to enhance animal production and health.

O consumo de plantas com finalidade terapêutica apresenta-se como fonte inesgotável na produção de medicamentos. Metabólitos produzidos, principalmente os metabólitos secundários, vêm se tornando uma fonte de moléculas potencialmente úteis para os seres humanos, com grande interesse nos setores alimentícios, farmacológicos e de cosméticos. Logo a análise de composição química de plantas, é importante, haja vista o grande interesse quanto à identificação das atividades biológicas presentes. A Aloe vera, popularmente conhecida como babosa, pertencente à família das Liliáceas. Apresenta mais de 75 componentes com potencial ação farmacêutica, sendo as moléculas ativas distribuídas tanto no gel quanto na casca da folha. Assim este trabalho teve como objetivo. Realizar análises de composição química, triagem fitoquímica e avaliar a presença de metais pesados em babosa (Aloe vera) cultivada em hortas comunitárias na cidade de Palmas. Coletaram-se folhas adultas em sete hortas comunitárias. Após retirada do conteúdo mucilaginoso para liofilização, as cascas das folhas foram submetidas à secagem em estufa de circulação. A composição centesimal, umidade (determinador de umidade), carboidratos (método por diferença), lipídeos (método de Soxhlet, IAL, 2008), cinzas, proteína bruta, e fibra bruta foram realizados segundo método AOAC (2005), determinação de minerais por espectrofotometria de absorção atômica, pesquisa fitoquímica segundo Matos (1997), análise fitoquímica por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência (CLAE). E determinação de metais pesados seguiu metodologia proposta pela Embrapa (2009). O teor de umidade teve variância entre 07,06 a 10,62% enquanto as porcentagens médias de cinzas, proteína bruta, lipídeos e fibra bruta foram de 13,62 a 32,63, 5,58 a 7,47, 0,58 a 2,04, 16,22 a 16,49% respectivamente. A análise fitoquímica permitiu identificar ácido gálico, catequina, galocatequina, ácido elágico, naringina, miricetina, quercetina e kaempeferol. Tais compostos são dispostos na literatura como potenciais benéficos a saúde humana. Não foi detectado presença de metal pesado nas amostras analisadas. A investigação deste trabalho forneceu uma parcela de informações sobre a composição química, composto bioativo e contaminates por metal pesado para plantas de Aloe vera cultivadas em hortas comunitárias na cidade de Palmas – TO. Serão necessárias novas investigações ao longo do ano para que se avalie como a sazonalidade pode interferir no teor de tais compostos. / The consumption of plants with therapeutic purpose presents itself as an inexhaustible source in the production of medicines. Metabolites produced, mainly secondary metabolites, have become a source of potentially useful molecules for humans, with great interest in the food, pharmacological and cosmetic sectors. Therefore the analysis of chemical composition of plants is important, given the great interest in identifying the biological activities present. Aloe vera, popularly known as aloe, belonging to the Liliaceae family. It presents more than 75 components with potential pharmaceutical action, the active molecules being distributed both in the gel and in the bark of the leaf. So this work had as objective. Carry out analyzes of chemical composition, phytochemical screening and evaluate the presence of heavy metals in aloe (Aloe vera) grown in community gardens in the city of Palmas. Adult leaves were collected in seven community gardens. After removal of the mucilaginous contents for lyophilization, the leaf husks were submitted to drying in a circulation oven. The centesimal composition, moisture (moisture determinant), carbohydrates (method by difference), lipids (Soxhlet method, IAL, 2008), ashes, crude protein and crude fiber were performed according to AOAC (2005) method, Spectrophotometry of atomic absorption, phytochemical research according to Matos (1997), phytochemical analysis by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). And determination of heavy metals followed the methodology proposed by Embrapa (2009). The moisture content had a variance between 07.06 and 10.62%, while the mean percentages of ash, crude protein, lipids and crude fiber were 13.62 to 32.63, 5.58 to 7.47, 0.58 To 2.04, 16.22 to 16.49% respectively. The phytochemical analysis allowed the identification of gallic acid, catechin, gallocatechin, ellagic acid, naringin, myricetin, quercetin and kaempeferol. Such compounds are arranged in the literature as potential beneficial to human health. No presence of heavy metal was detected in the analyzed samples. The investigation of this work provided a piece of information on the chemical composition, bioactive compound and heavy metal contaminates for Aloe vera plants grown in community gardens in the city of Palmas - TO. Further research will be needed throughout the year to assess how seasonality can interfere with the content of such compounds.

Magíster en Gestión y Dirección de Empresas / Este informe técnico tiene por objetivo presentar los lineamientos para realizar un plan de negocios con el fin de introducir al mercado un producto farmacéutico, como una nueva alternativa terapéutica para la mastitis clínica, que permita reducir o mejorar el régimen terapéutico de los antibióticos actualmente. Los pomos intramamarios que se desarrollaron para la mastitis son de dos tipos, unos contienen ceftiofur y los otros cloxacilina a bajas concentraciones, ambos asociados con los componentes inhibitorios extraídos desde las hojas de Aloe vera, comprobándose a través de metodologías experimentales, que cuando son utilizados en el tratamiento de las mastitis clínicas, tienen ventajas o primacías, en relación a los actuales pomos intramamarios que solo contienen antibiótico. El planteamiento de este informe se enfoca en reducir la incertidumbre y el riesgo que cualquier actividad no planificada tiene, muestra los objetivos que se pretenden alcanzar, las estrategias que se pretenden adoptar, los procesos operacionales, la estructura organizacional y permite conocer el rendimiento económico y financiero que se espera del negocio, va desde las estrategias generales llegando hasta las actividades cotidianas. La metodología propuesta cuenta con ocho etapas, las cuales se enfocan en conocer la situación actual del mercado de los medicamentos veterinarios, conocer cuál es la mejor estrategia para el negocio, conocer la oferta, la demanda, segmento objetivo, diseñar e implementar un plan de marketing para la comercialización del producto, Definir sus procesos de operaciones, los miembros del equipo claves, definir sus costos, precio de venta del producto y sus riesgos financiero, todo esto para asegurar el éxito en la entrada de este producto al mercado. El plan de implementación contempla definir cuáles son las actividades que se desean realizar, el costo de implementarlas y en qué tiempo se llevarán a cabo. Por lo tanto, basándonos en la oportunidad de negocio, atractivo de la industria en crecimiento, mercado objetivo relevante, necesidades no cubierta, resultados positivos obtenido en las proyecciones financieras de Estado de Resultado a seis años, VAN positivo de $ 228.551.460,85, TIR de 14,64%, Valor Económico positivo del proyecto, plazo de recuperación de la inversión menor de 5 años y medidas de rentabilidad positivas, es que podemos concluir que el plan de negocio desarrollado creará valor para el inversionista, su empresa y sus grupos de interés. Por lo tanto, quien invierta en el proyecto podrá rentabilizar su inversión en el mediano y largo plazo.