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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Atividade antiviral de extratos de plantas do Cerrado contra herpesvírus / Antiviral activity of Brazilian Cerrado plants extracts against Herpesvirus

Padilla, Marina Aiello, 1986- 07 August 2011 (has links)
Orientador: Clarice Weis Arns / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-18T22:42:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Padilla_MarinaAiello_M.pdf: 819976 bytes, checksum: ee10d49c35496b65a75f47504870ce54 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: Os herpesvírus são responsáveis por enfermidades importantes em humanos e animais. Em animais, estão associados a doenças que causam grandes perdas econômicas. Em humanos, a gravidade da enfermidade é maior quando os pacientes são imunossuprimidos. Além disso, já existem cepas mutantes resistentes aos medicamentos disponíveis. Visto as dificuldades associadas a prevenção e tratamento das infecções por herpesvírus, a utilização de produtos de plantas como antivirais apresenta - se como alternativa. O Cerrado Brasileiro é um bioma que localiza -se praticamente todo no Brasil e apresenta mais de 10.000 espécies de plantas. Essas plantas podem potencialmente servi r de fonte de compostos farmacologicamente ativos. Assim, o presente trabalho teve como objetivos avaliar a atividade antiviral , atividade virucida e o índice de seletividade (SI) de extratos de plantas do Cerrado contra os herpesvírus suíno tipo 1 (SuHV-1), equinotipo 1 (EHV-1) e vírus do herpes simplex tipo 1 (HSV-1) . Inicialmente, os extratos liofilizados foram submetidos aos testes de citotoxicidade em células MDBK e Vero para determinar a concentração máxima não tóxica (CMNT). Dos extratos, quatro apresentaram as mesmas CMNT's em ambas as linhagens mas, em geral , os extratos foram mais citotóxicos para células Vero. A seguir, com base na CMNT, foram realizados os testes de atividade antiviral para os vírus HSV-1 e EHV-1 em células Vero, e SuHV-1 em MDBK. Os resultados demonstraram que 50% dos extratos apresentaram atividade contra pelo menos um dos herpesvírus estudados, com destaque para as espécies Banisteriopsis variabil is , Byrsonima intermedia e Xylopia aromática que foram ativas contra os t rês herpesvírus, e o extrato da Stryphnodendron adstringens , ativo contra o HSV-1 e SuHV-1. Os extratos que apresentaram atividade antiviral foram então testados quanto a atividade virucida e os resultados submetidos ao cálculo do SI. O extrato foi considerado ativo quando o índice de inibição viral ( IIV) foi maior ou igual a 1,5 ou apresentou PI% (porcentagem de inibição) maior ou igual a 97%. Quanto ao SI, foram considerados ativos os extratos que apresentaram valores iguais ou superiores a 4. A atividade virucida foi observada em 75% dos extratos contra pelo menos um dos herpesvírus testados. As espécies que apresentaram os resultados mais promissores foram: B. variabil is, X. aromática, S. adstringens e B. intermedia. Esta última foi então utilizada em testes adicionais com a variação da concentração, e demonstrou atividade antiviral e virucida em concentrações inferiores a CMNT contra os herpesvírus testados. Assim, o presente trabalho demonstra o potencial de plantas do Cerrado como fonte de compostos com atividade antiviral e virucida. Estudos adicionais são necessários para avaliar os mecanismos de ação e os compostos químicos responsáveis pela atividade observada / Abstract: Herpesviruses are responsible for important diseases in humans and animals. In animals, they are associated with economically important diseases worldwide. In humans, they represent serious threats to public health, and the severity of the illness increases in immunocompromised patients. In addition, there are mutant strains that are resistant to available drugs. Because of the difficulties associated with the prevent ion and treatment of herpesvirus infect ions, the use of plant products as antivirals can be an alternative. The Brazilian Cerrado is a biome located almost entirely in Brazil has over 10,000 species of plants. These plants can potentially be used as a source of pharmacologically active compounds. There for , this study aimed to evaluate the antiviral activity, virucidal activity and the selectivity index (SI) of extracts from Cerrado plants against suid herpesvirus type 1 (SuHV-1) equid type 1 (EHV-1) and herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). Initially, the lyophilized extracts were tested for cytotoxicity in MDBK and Vero cells to identify t he maximum nontoxic concentration (MNTC). Of the extracts, four showed the same MNTC for both cells, but the extracts were generally more toxic to Vero cells. Then, based on the MNTC, antiviral activity tests were performed against HSV-1 and EHV-1 in Vero cells and SuHV-1 in MDBK cells. The results demonstrated that 50% of the extracts showed activity against at least one of the herpesviruses studied. In particular, the extracts from Banisteriopsis variabil is, Byrsonima intermedia and Xylopia aromatica, were active against all of the herpesviruses, and the extract from Stryphnodendron adstringens was active against HSV-1 and SuHV-1. The extracts that showed antiviral activity were also tested for virucidal activity, and the SI was calculated. An extract was considered active when the viral inhibition index (VII) was greater than or equal to 1.5 or showed a PI% (percent inhibition) greater than or equal to 97%. As for the SI, extracts were considered active when the displayed values greater than or equal to four. Virucidal activity was observed in 75% of the extracts against at least one of the herpesviruses tested. The species that showed the most promising results were: B. variabil is , X. aromatica, S. adstringens and B. intermedia. Was used for additional testing with varying concentrations, and demonstrated antiviral and virucidal activities at concentrations lower than the MNTC against the herpesviruses tested. Therefore, this study demonstrates the potential of Cerrado as a source of compounds with antiviral and virucidal activities. Additional studies are necessary to evaluate the mechanisms of act ion and the chemical compounds responsible for the observed activity / Mestrado / Ciencias Basicas / Mestre em Clinica Medica
2

Apoptose relacionada à infecção in vitro por herpesvírus bovinos tipo 1 e 5 /

Novais, Juliana Bueno de. January 2014 (has links)
Resumo:O Herpesvírus bovino tipo 5 (BoHV-5) e o herpesvirus bovino tipo 1 (BoHV-1), membros da família Herpesviridae, subfamília Alphaherpesvirinae; podem replicar-se em diferentes tecidos como nervoso, glandular, linfóide e em órgãos parenquimatosos. São capazes de permanecer em estado de latência, alojando-se nos gânglios nervosos. No Brasil, casos clínicos de encefalites por BoHV-5 são a segunda maior causa de morte por encefalite com etiologia determinada, suplantada somente pela raiva, enquanto o BoHV-1 está presente de forma endêmica no rebanho nacional, sendo responsável por uma variedade de sinais clínicos como rinotraqueíte, abortamento, conjuntivite, vulvovaginite e balanopostite. É esperado que um agente viral, ao infectar uma célula, ative as vias do processo de morte celular programada, entretanto há relatos de que o gene relacionado à latência (RL) do Herpesvírus é capaz de inibir a apoptose celular, protegendo a célula infectada durante a latência, por meio de mecanismos ainda desconhecidos. Este estudo demontra a capacidade do BoHV-5 e BoHV-1 de manipular o metabolismo mitocondrial da célula infectada, interferindo na via intrínseca de apoptose / Abstract:Bovine Herpesvirus type 5 (BoHV-5) and bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BoHV-1), members of Herpesviridae family, Alphaherpesvirinae subfamily; may replicate in different tissues such as nervous, glandular, lymphoid and parenchymal organs and are able to remain in a latent state, lodged in nerve ganglia. In Brazil clinical cases of BoHV - 5 encephalitis are the second leading cause of death due to encephalitis with determined etiology, supplanted only by rabies, while the BoHV-1 is present in an endemic form in the national herd, being responsible for a variety of clinical signs as rhinotracheitis, abortion, conjunctivitis, vulvovaginitis and balanoposthitis. It is expected that a viral agent, to infect a cell, activate the pathways of programmed cell death process, however there are reports that the gene related to latency (RL) of Herpesvirus is able to inhibit cell apoptosis, protecting the infected cell during latency through unknown mechanisms. Therefore, this study demonstrated the capacity of BoHV-5 and BoHV-1 to manipulate mitochondrial metabolism of the infected cell, interfering with intrinsic pathway of apoptosis / Orientador:Tereza Cristina Cardoso Silva / Banca:Camila da Silva Frade / Banca:Roberto Gameiro de Carvalho / Mestre
3

Apoptose relacionada à infecção in vitro por herpesvírus bovinos tipo 1 e 5

Novais, Juliana Bueno de [UNESP] 22 January 2014 (has links) (PDF)
Made available in DSpace on 2015-10-06T13:03:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2014-01-22. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2015-10-06T13:18:41Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000848970.pdf: 988571 bytes, checksum: dcc8f965284a638ff0467c668813e6f1 (MD5) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / Bovine Herpesvirus type 5 (BoHV-5) and bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BoHV-1), members of Herpesviridae family, Alphaherpesvirinae subfamily; may replicate in different tissues such as nervous, glandular, lymphoid and parenchymal organs and are able to remain in a latent state, lodged in nerve ganglia. In Brazil clinical cases of BoHV - 5 encephalitis are the second leading cause of death due to encephalitis with determined etiology, supplanted only by rabies, while the BoHV-1 is present in an endemic form in the national herd, being responsible for a variety of clinical signs as rhinotracheitis, abortion, conjunctivitis, vulvovaginitis and balanoposthitis. It is expected that a viral agent, to infect a cell, activate the pathways of programmed cell death process, however there are reports that the gene related to latency (RL) of Herpesvirus is able to inhibit cell apoptosis, protecting the infected cell during latency through unknown mechanisms. Therefore, this study demonstrated the capacity of BoHV-5 and BoHV-1 to manipulate mitochondrial metabolism of the infected cell, interfering with intrinsic pathway of apoptosis

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