No Brasil, é indispensável que o debate sobre o acesso ao Ensino Superior público considere a questão da equidade. No presente, as modalidades de seleção têm proporcionado claras vantagens aos setores de maior poder aquisitivo, na medida em que o status socioeconômico dos candidatos influencia de maneira determinante as possibilidades de aprovação nos concursos vestibulares. Procuramos, em primeiro lugar, discutir a ideia de justiça a partir dos escritos de John Rawls e outros para, a seguir, mediante pesquisa empírica, estabelecer o atual quadro de desigualdade nos ingressos no nível Superior. O foco principal é a seleção de alunos à Universidade de São Paulo, e para seu estudo, utilizamos, prioritariamente, os questionários respondidos pelos candidatos que prestam a Fuvest. Em seguida, avaliamos as principais alternativas que se colocam para a redução da desigualdade no acesso, verificando seu alcance e suas limitações, analisando se outras formas de seleção são possíveis e devem ser consideradas. Nesse sentido, sugerimos que se busque a diversificação dos modelos de seleção, de modo a ampliar as possibilidades de descoberta de jovens competentes e talentosos que, pela atual fórmula do vestibular, acabam, em grande parte, sendo impedidos de desenvolver plenamente suas capacidades, ficando alienados da disputa por vagas no Ensino Superior público. / In Brazil, it`s quite necessary that the discussion about access to public Higher Education considers the question of equity. Currently, selection methods provide great advantages for high income families, since applicants socioeconomic status strongly induces the probability of sucess on vestibular tests. At first, we try to discuss the idea of justice from the writings of John Rawls and others, and, after that, to estabilish, by empirical research, the situation of inequality on higher level admissions. The text focus mainly on access to Universidade de São Paulo and, for this study, we rather use questionaries made by Fuvest applicants. Then, we evaluate several alternatives to reduce inequality of access, checking their range and limitations, analysing if other forms of selection are possible and must be taken into consideration. Therefore, we recommend the effort for diversification of forms of selection, to enlarge the chances for finding qualified and talented people that, with no regard for their capacities, remain undercover with vestibular tests, and frequently don`t take part on the competition for admission on public Higher Education.

Orientador: Ronaldo Romulo Machado de Almeida / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-20T04:18:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Caravita_RodrigoI_M.pdf: 2835882 bytes, checksum: 66e0e8986e815ff34ff2e2bfd9726e0d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: Esta dissertação busca, por meio do estudo etnográfico de uma ecovila na Argentina, de um centro espiritual em Minas Gerais e do Encontro Nacional de Comunidades Alternativas (ENCA), compreender a concepção de vida no chamado movimento comunitário alternativo que se constitui, entre outras coisas, pela diluição da noção de indivíduo. Para tanto, a análise problematiza duas dimensões centrais para compreender tal diluição, o meio ambiente e a espiritualidade. O argumento desta dissertação é que a concepção de vida, imanente a todos os seres (naturais e espirituais), leva não somente à dissolução do indivíduo como também resulta no rompimento dos divisores: natureza e cultura; corpo, mente e espírito; teoria e prática; ciência e espiritualidade / Abstract: This thesis is an effort at understanding the notion of "life" in the alternative communities movement through the study of three cases: an ecovillage in Argentina, a spiritual center in Minas Gerais, Brazil and the National Alternative Communities Meeting (Encontro Nacional de Comunidades Alternativas - ENCA), also in Brazil. Our main line of analysis is built around the idea that such notion of life is constituted, among other things, by the dilution of the notion of individual. The study discusses two central aspects of this dilution: the environment and the spirituality. The argument here is that the idea of life as immanent to all beings (natural and spiritual) leads not only to the dilution of the individual, but also to the disruption of divides such as nature and culture; body, mind and spirit; theory and practice; and science and spirituality / Mestrado / Antropologia Social / Mestre em Antropologia Social

The paperless office is a concept that has been around for decades. The concept concerns digital technology replacing paper as a medium within the office, but so far a completely paperless office has yet to be achieved. In this study, we have reviewed previous research in order to understand potential reasons for this. We interviewed local offices, to find out how they used paper around the office, and information about what properties a replacement might need. The research questions that guided us through our study were: In what way do local offices store and index data? What themes can we find in their practices that help us further the paperless office? Can we use our findings to create a concept design? Using the information we gathered we designed a conceptual prototype styled after a common binder, to associate the mental models used when working with paper, and imbuing it with digital technology.

The aim of the thesis is to answer the following question: What is the aim and the purpose of the migration-related detention? The question is further specified in four sub-questions provided in the introduction. Given that the essence of the detention is the deprivation of personal liberty as one of the fundamental human rights, the practice of detaining migrants in the Czech Republic seems to be in conflict with the personal liberty guarantees stipulated by the constitutional laws of the country, the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union and several international human rights treaties. Resolutions of this conflict requires that such conditions are identified, under which the restriction of personal liberty is permissible. The list of conditions is provided in the thesis, including a legitimate purpose of the restriction of the fundamental right. Any restrictive practice must be capable of achieving this purpose and must not be misused for a purpose other than this. Subsequently, the thesis identifies aims of the different types of migrated-related detention, provided by the Czech laws - the Police Act, Aliens Act and the Asylum Act. The immediate aim pursued by detaining an alien is often to prevent him from obstructing a particular legal proceeding or action. The thesis also deals with the...

Ausgangssituation In den beiden vergangenen Jahrzehnten hat die Product Lifecycle Management (PLM)-Durchdringung industrieller Unternehmen stetig zugenommen. Dies betrifft die verschiedenen Engineering-Disziplinen (Mechanik, Elektrik, Software, Hydraulik etc.) und immer stärker auch die der Produktentwicklung nachgelagerten Produktlebenszyklus-Phasen (Produktionsplanung, Service etc.) (Abramovici & Schindler 2010, Rudolph & Dietrich 2003). Als ein Ergebnis der zunehmenden PLM-Durchdringung existieren heute in vielen Unternehmen mehrere PLM-Umgebungen parallel, die in verschiedenen Unternehmensteilbereichen historisch gewachsen sind. Diese PLM-Umgebungen sind meist stark an bereichsspezifischen Anforderungen orientiert, aber nicht oder nur teilweise aufeinander abgestimmt. Zusätzlich zu dieser organischen Entwicklung innerhalb der Unternehmen erhöhen Fusionen und Übernahmen von Unternehmen oder Unternehmensteilbereichen die PLM-Heterogenität sprunghaft. Sichtbar wird die PLM-Heterogenität meist an der hohen Anzahl der eingesetzten PLM-Systeme (Abramovici & Schindler 2010), sie kann jedoch gleichermaßen Strategie-, Prozess- und Methoden-bezogene PLM-Komponenten sowie die PLM-Akteure betreffen (Abramovici & Göbel 2011). Der ungeplanten Heterogenität industrieller PLM-Landschaften stehen zunehmend global verteilte und sich permanent verändernde Engineering- Organisationsstrukturen gegenüber (Trippner 2002). Vor diesem Hintergrund können nicht aufeinander abgestimmte PLMUmgebungen drastische Hemmnisse für die Erreichung übergeordneter Unternehmens-Zielsetzungen, wie etwa die Produktivität und Flexibilität bei bereichsübergreifenden Kooperationen oder bei unternehmensinternen Reorganisationsvorhaben, bilden.

M.A. (Social Work) / In the recent past people became more aware of the fact that serious crimes are being committed against children. Statistics show that sexual molestation is one of the most prevalent types of offences committed against children. Society demands that such an offender must be punished in a suitable manner. Recent developments in South Africa in regard to alternative sentences led to correctional supervision. The motivation for this study was to establish differences between people who was sentenced to imprisonment and people who was sentenced to correctional supervision for committing sexual crimes against children by using three different Hudson scales, namely, depression, self-esteem, and sexual discord.

This diploma thesis deals with the analysis of current accounts on the Czech banking market. Its goal is to find the most appropriate accounts for different types of clients. The work is divided into three parts. The theoretical part describes the problem of multicriteria decision making, basic concepts and principles, methods for calculating weight of the criteria and individual methods of multicriterial evaluation of alternatives. The second part is devoted to the description of the currently offered current accounts for individuals and a description of the selected criteria according to which the individual alternatives are evaluated. The last computational part tries to find the most appropriate accounts for those clients. Weights are calculated using the scoring method and DEMATEL method. Subsequently, the best accounts are selected by WSA, TOPSIS, ELECTRE III and MAPPAC. The calculations are made by using MS Excel add-in application Sanna.

Produced since the 1950’s, per- and polyfluoroalkyl (PFASs) substances are persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic compounds that are ubiquitous in the environment. Being proteinophilic with a tendency to partition to protein-rich tissues, PFASs have been found in human serum worldwide and in wildlife with a predominance of long-chain perfluoroalkyl carboxilic acids (C7-C14 PFCAs) and perfluoroalkyl sulfonic acids (C6-C9 PFSAs). Due to rising concern regarding their hazardous properties, several regulatory actions and voluntary industrial phase-outs have been conducted since early 2000s, shifting the production towards other fluorinated alternatives. This thesis explores the human exposure to long-chain PFASs and their alternatives using different modelling methods and aims to 1) link comprehensively the past and current industrial production with the human body burden and 2) assess the potential hazardous properties of legacy PFASs replacements, on which information is very limited. In Paper I, the historical daily intakes in Australia and USA were reconstructed from cross-sectional biomonitoring data of perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) andperfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS). The results indicate that humans experienced similar exposure levels and trends to PFOS and PFOA in both regions, suggesting a common historical exposure possibly dominated by consumer products. The model could not be fitted to PFHxS concentration in serum. In Paper II, the relative contribution of indirect (i.e. subsequent metabolism of precursors into legacy PFASs) versus direct exposure was evaluated on occupationally exposed ski wax technicians. The indirect exposure contributed by up to 45% to the total body burden of PFOA. In Paper III, the physicochemical properties, the persistence and the long-range transport of fluorinated alternatives were predicted using different in silico tools. Findings suggest that fluorinated alternatives are likely similar to their predecessors, in terms of physicochemical properties and environmental fate. Finally, Paper IV compares the toxic potency of PFOS, PFOA and their alternatives as a function of external and internal dose. While alternatives are less potent than their predecessors when considering the administered dose, they become similarly potent when the assessment is based on levels in the target tissue. This thesis demonstrates that pharmacokinetic models are effective tools to comprehensively reconnect the body burden to the exposure of phased-out chemicals. More importantly, the studies on fluorinated alternatives raise the necessity to provide more information and data on the potential hazard of these novel and emerging products. / <p>At the time of the doctoral defense, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 1: Manuscript. Paper 4: Manuscript.</p>

Crude oil is an important commodity of world trade and it has become an essential part of everyday life. It is a necessary condition of economic growth, which in the current situation of economic boom of China, India and other developing countries entails an economically, ecologically, socially and geopolitically unsustainable problem. The turbulent sequence of past events on the crude oil market only foreshadows the future development that is going to occure after achieving the crude oil production peak. The following irreversible changes will be more revolutionary than evolutional. The era of cheap oil will parish and the 21st century is going to be distinguished by fights for energy and resources. This is one of the reasons why many renowned institutions and organisations are concerned with these questions, trying to predict future scenarios and find feasible solutions. The world needs secure, renewable and environmentally friendly energy sources, however crude oil is unfortunately none of them. Radical transition from crude oil economy to a clean alternative one, that is probably the most suitable solution to current situation, will require engagement of governments, organisations and individuals as well. It is an inevitable step of preserving the world for humanity and the coming generations. Crude oil market perspectives are quite well foreseeable for the coming decades, questionable remains only the proper solution of the rising problems and action of taking the correct steps in the right direction.

The master thesis deals with managerial decision-making, more specifically with the multi-criteria evaluation of alternatives under risk for the GAMACZ.CZ company, which currently solves problem of low profitability. The aim of the thesis is to define the decision-making objective(s), determine the set of evaluation criteria, identify potentially successful alternatives, determine their impacts and finally evaluate alternatives and recommend the most suitable one for the company. For the purpose of the multi-criteria evaluation with risk integration the author uses the Weighted Sum Approach. On the basis of these methods the most suitable option together with suggestions of implementation are proposed to the company and the reality check is executed.