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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Avances en la patogenia y en el diagnóstico de la angiodisplasia gastrointestinal

Junquera Flórez, Fèlix 11 December 2000 (has links)
La angiodisplasia gastrointestinal es la causa más frecuente de hemorragia digestiva recidivante en los pacientes de edad avanzada. La etiopatogenia de estas lesiones no es bien conocida, y clásicamente se describen como lesiones degenerativas resultado de una obstrucción intermitente de bajo grado de venas submucosas del intestino durante las contracciones y distensiones del ciego. En el primero de los 4 trabajos que configuran la tesis doctoral se demuestra como el aumento en la expresión del factor de crecimiento endotelial vascular y del factor crecimiento fibroblástico básico apoya la hipótesis que la angiogénesis tiene un papel relevante en la patogenia de la angiodisplasia de colon humana. Por otra parte los mecanismos implicados en el desencadenamiento de la hemorragia digestiva por estas lesiones vasculares son desconocidos. En un segundo estudio pudimos comprobar como el aumento en la actividad fibrinolítica plasmática presente en los pacientes con angiodisplasia gastrointestinal puede contribuir a la hemorragia digestiva por estas lesiones vasculares. Asimismo pudimos observar que bajos niveles plasmáticos de inhibidor del activador tisular del plasminogéno tipo I (PAI-1) constituyen un factor de riesgo en la tendencia hemorrágica de los pacientes con angiodisplasia gastrointestinal. La hemorragia digestiva por angiodisplasia constituye un problema diagnóstico. La localización de estas lesiones se basa en procedimientos invasivos como son la endoscopia y la arteriografía. Ello ha promovido la busca de técnicas diagnósticas no invasivas que permiten la detección de estas lesiones. En el tercer estudio demostramos como el angioTAC es una tecnica sensible y específica, bien tolerada y mínimamente invasiva en el diagnóstico de la angiodisplasia de colon. Finalmente en el último estudio abordamos el problema terapeútico de estas lesiones vasculares. Estudios preliminares habían sugerido que el tratamiento hormonal podría ser eficaz en el manejo de la hemorragia por angiodisplasia. Sin embargo en un estudio aleatorizado, multicéntrico, doble ciego, comparado con placebo, observamos como el tratamiento hormonal con una combinación oral de estrógenos y progestágenos no es superior al placebo en la prevención de la recidiva hemorrágica por angiodisplasia gastrointestinal. / Gastrointestinal angiodisplasia is a major cause of recurrent bleeding, especially in the elderly. Its etiopathogenesis is not well understood, and are thought to be degenerative lesions that develop as consequence of a chronic intermittent obstruction of submucosal veins during muscle contraction and distension of the cecum. In the first of the four studies compounding this doctoral thesis, we show that the increased expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor supports the hypothesis that angiogenesis plays a major role in the pathogenesis of human colonic angiodysplasia. On the other hand the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in the gastrointestinal bleeding caused by these vascular lesions remain unknown. In the second study we observed that increased plasma fibrynolitic in patients with gastrointestinal angiodysplasia may contribute to hemorrhage from these vascular lesions. Likewise, we observed that low plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) plasmatic levels are a risk factor for the bleeding tendency of these lesions. Gastrointestinal bleeding from angiodysplasia is also a diagnostic problem. Currently, imaging assessment of these vascular lesions relies on invasive procedures such as endoscopy and angiography. This situation has promoted research in non-invasive diagnostic procedures to detect these lesions. In the third study, we showed that computed tomographic angiography (CTA) is a sensitive, specific, well-tolerated and minimally invasive tool for the diagnosis of colonic angiodysplasia. Finally in the last study we addressed the therapeutic problem of these common vascular lesions. Preliminary studies had suggested that hormonal therapy could be useful in the management of gastrointestinal bleeding from angiodysplasia. However, we conducted a multicenter, double-blind, randomized controlled clinical trial, which concluded that an oral combination of estrogen and progestagen is not superior to placebo in the prevention of rebleeding from gastrointestinal angiodysplasia.
2

Perfil global de expressão de micro-RNA’s em adultos com Síndrome de Klippel-Trenaunay

Camargo, Paula Angeleli Bueno de January 2018 (has links)
Orientador: Marcone Lima Sobreira / Resumo: Introdução: A Síndrome de Klippel Trenaunay (SKT) é uma anomalia vascular caracterizada por ser uma doença rara, com prevalência estimada em 1 caso para cada 100.000 pessoas, diagnosticada clinicamente pela presença de pelo menos dois dos seguintes achados: malformação capilar, malformações venosas e hipertrofia dos tecidos afetados. A literatura científica respalda o manejo dos sintomas e tratamento das veias varicosas em alguns casos selecionados. A melhor abordagem terapêutica é crucial para esses pacientes, tornando-se necessário o melhor conhecimento da história natural da doença, o que justifica o estudo do perfil genético desses pacientes, visto que alguns autores revelaram o papel crucial dos microRNAs na regulação da angiogênese, que parece ser o ponto-chave da SKT. Objetivos: Determinar o perfil global de expressão de miRNA’s em pacientes com SKT em comparação com amostras de sangue de pessoas saudáveis, sem a síndrome. Métodos: A amostra foi constituída por pacientes adultos (> 18 anos) com diagnóstico clínico de SKT, acompanhados no Ambulatório de Malformações Vasculares do Serviço de Cirurgia Vascular e Endovascular do Hospital das Clínicas de Botucatu da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu/ UNESP. Como referência, foram utilizadas amostras de sangue de adultos saudáveis (> 18anos), doadores de sangue do Hemocentro da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu/ UNESP Botucatu. Resultados: Entre os pacientes com SKT, foram encontrados 3 miRNA com expressão diminuída em compa... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Introduction: Klippel Trenaunay Syndrome (KTS) is a vascular malformation characterized by being a rare disease, with a prevalence estimated in 1 case per 100,000 people, diagnosed clinically by the presence of at least two of the following findings: capillary malformation, venous malformations, and hypertrophy of affected tissues. The scientific literature supports the management of symptoms, treatment of varicose veins in selected cases and, rarely, amputations. The best therapeutic approach is crucial for these patients, making it necessary to have a better knowledge of the natural history of the disease, which justifies the study of the genetic profile of these patients, since some authors have revealed the crucial role of microRNAs in the regulation of angiogenesis, which seems to be the key point of KTS. Objectives: To determine the overall expression profile of miRNA’s in patients with KTS compared to blood samples from healthy people without the syndrome. Methods: The sample consisted of adult patients (> 18 years) with clinical diagnosis of KTS, followed at the Vascular Malformation Outpatient Service of the Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Service of Botucatu Medical School, Botucatu Medical School / UNESP. Blood samples from healthy adults (> 18 years old), blood donors from the Botucatu Medical School / UNESP Botucatu Blood Center were used as reference. Results: Among the patients with SKT, 3 miRNA’s with decreased expression were found compared to subjects with... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

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