Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Wollongong, 2005. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references.

Orientadora: Adolorata Aparecida Bianco Carvalho / Coorientador: Antonio Sergio Ferraudo / Banca: Angela Cleusa de Fátima Banzatto de Carvalho / Banca: Sonia Regina Pinheiro / Resumo: Um elevado número de tratamentos anti-rábicos profiláticos são efetuados, anualmente, em pessoas envolvidas em agravos com animais. Assim, este trabalho objetivou avaliar os registros e a conduta de profilaxia anti-rábica humana no Município de Jaboticabal, de 2000 a 2006, analisando as informações das fichas de atendimento e a distribuição geográfica dos agravos. Os dados foram tabulados em Excel e analisados com softwares EpiInfo e MapInfo. Também foi calculado o custo direto com as vacinas anti-rábicas humanas. Em 3056 fichas analisadas, computou-se um agravo para cada 160 habitantes, com maior ocorrência em residências e nos bairros da região central da cidade, e incremento de casos nos meses de janeiro, julho, agosto e dezembro. A faixa etária mais atingida foi de 0 a 15 anos, destacando-se o sexo masculino. Com relação à espécie animal envolvida, a canina foi a responsável pela maioria dos agravos, sendo 67,5% dos cães e 22,2% dos gatos declarados vacinados; os cães estavam sadios em 77,8% dos casos. Das pessoas agredidas, 81,6% receberam profilaxia pós-exposição, num total de 7.108 doses de vacina e a um custo aproximado de R$179.105,14. A análise detalhada dos dados, aliada ao fato de Jaboticabal ser considerada região controlada para a raiva, permitem questionar que 1.720 pessoas podem ter recebido vacina sem necessidade. Uma maior atenção deve ser dispensada aos registros de atendimento a agravos por animais, e uma análise acurada e mais criteriosa destes deve ser feita para que os tratamentos sejam instituídos adequadamente. Como a maioria dos acidentes ocorre em residências, portanto com cães e gatos domiciliados e vacinados, recomendam-se programas educativos para promoverem a posse responsável e o conhecimento dos cuidados que as pessoas devem ter com seus animais de estimação. / Abstract: A large number of rabies post-exposure treatment is annually given to humans attacked by animals. This study was aimed to evaluate the records and the conduct of rabies prophylaxis in humans, in the municipality of Jaboticabal, from 2000 to 2006, through the analysis of patients' records and geographic distribution of the accidents. The data were arranged in Excel® spreadsheets and were further analysed by EpiInfo® and MapInfo®. Also, the direct costs of given vaccines were calculated. From 3,056 patient's cards, it was observed 1 animal attack per 160 inhabitants, with higher occurence in residences, central neighborhoods and concentration of attacks in the months of January, July, August and December. The most affected age group was that of 0-15 years old, with predominance in males. As to animal species, dogs were responsible for causing the majority of accidents. 67.5% of dogs and 22.2% of cats had already been vaccinated before attacking. In 77.8% of occurences, the dogs were healthy. As to attacked humans, 81.6% of them received post-exposure prophylaxis, totalizing 7,108 antirabies vaccine doses at an approximate cost of R$179.105,14. Thorough data analysis and the fact that Jaboticabal lies in a rabies controlled region allow to question the administration of post-exposure vaccination in 1,720 persons. More attention should be payed to filling out and interpreting patient's records correctly, so that treatments can be properly established. As most attacks happen in the residences, where cats and dogs are usually domiciled and vaccinated, it is essencial to develop educational programs that promote responsible pet ownership and adequate pet handling and care. / Mestre

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:27:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2008-02-08Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:08:21Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 frias_dfr_me_jabo.pdf: 647256 bytes, checksum: 56a7d9c80f805156699c273aa7a7a23c (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Um elevado número de tratamentos anti-rábicos profiláticos são efetuados, anualmente, em pessoas envolvidas em agravos com animais. Assim, este trabalho objetivou avaliar os registros e a conduta de profilaxia anti-rábica humana no Município de Jaboticabal, de 2000 a 2006, analisando as informações das fichas de atendimento e a distribuição geográfica dos agravos. Os dados foram tabulados em Excel e analisados com softwares EpiInfo e MapInfo. Também foi calculado o custo direto com as vacinas anti-rábicas humanas. Em 3056 fichas analisadas, computou-se um agravo para cada 160 habitantes, com maior ocorrência em residências e nos bairros da região central da cidade, e incremento de casos nos meses de janeiro, julho, agosto e dezembro. A faixa etária mais atingida foi de 0 a 15 anos, destacando-se o sexo masculino. Com relação à espécie animal envolvida, a canina foi a responsável pela maioria dos agravos, sendo 67,5% dos cães e 22,2% dos gatos declarados vacinados; os cães estavam sadios em 77,8% dos casos. Das pessoas agredidas, 81,6% receberam profilaxia pós-exposição, num total de 7.108 doses de vacina e a um custo aproximado de R$179.105,14. A análise detalhada dos dados, aliada ao fato de Jaboticabal ser considerada região controlada para a raiva, permitem questionar que 1.720 pessoas podem ter recebido vacina sem necessidade. Uma maior atenção deve ser dispensada aos registros de atendimento a agravos por animais, e uma análise acurada e mais criteriosa destes deve ser feita para que os tratamentos sejam instituídos adequadamente. Como a maioria dos acidentes ocorre em residências, portanto com cães e gatos domiciliados e vacinados, recomendam-se programas educativos para promoverem a posse responsável e o conhecimento dos cuidados que as pessoas devem ter com seus animais de estimação. / A large number of rabies post-exposure treatment is annually given to humans attacked by animals. This study was aimed to evaluate the records and the conduct of rabies prophylaxis in humans, in the municipality of Jaboticabal, from 2000 to 2006, through the analysis of patients´ records and geographic distribution of the accidents. The data were arranged in Excel® spreadsheets and were further analysed by EpiInfo® and MapInfo®. Also, the direct costs of given vaccines were calculated. From 3,056 patient´s cards, it was observed 1 animal attack per 160 inhabitants, with higher occurence in residences, central neighborhoods and concentration of attacks in the months of January, July, August and December. The most affected age group was that of 0-15 years old, with predominance in males. As to animal species, dogs were responsible for causing the majority of accidents. 67.5% of dogs and 22.2% of cats had already been vaccinated before attacking. In 77.8% of occurences, the dogs were healthy. As to attacked humans, 81.6% of them received post-exposure prophylaxis, totalizing 7,108 antirabies vaccine doses at an approximate cost of R$179.105,14. Thorough data analysis and the fact that Jaboticabal lies in a rabies controlled region allow to question the administration of post-exposure vaccination in 1,720 persons. More attention should be payed to filling out and interpreting patient´s records correctly, so that treatments can be properly established. As most attacks happen in the residences, where cats and dogs are usually domiciled and vaccinated, it is essencial to develop educational programs that promote responsible pet ownership and adequate pet handling and care.

This research aims to further explore the linkages between poor WaSH realities and women’s development to understand how the burdens and risks associated with inadequate water resources diminishes both their health and safety. Specifically, a significant goal of this project is to understand the way in which rates of violent attacks increase as access to water decreases. Attempting to capture this violence in all its various forms, this study hosts conversation surrounding the way that a lack of clean, dependable water sources can increase a woman’s chances of experiencing various forms of violence. / Accessing clean water and adequate sanitation poses significant risks to the health and wellbeing of women and girls in East Africa. Without having access to local and dependable sources of water, the prevalence of water-borne diseases, health and safety hazards, and social barriers increase. Grounded in Feminist and Structural Functionalism theories, this research was designed to better understand Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WaSH) realities and the various types of associated burdens and risks. Using focus groups and key informant interviews, 36 health care professionals from various East African countries, such as Uganda, Tanzania, Ghana, and South Sudan, were solicited in an effort to capture the real, lived experiences of practitioners working most intimately with these issues. All data were gathered at Uganda Christian University in Mukono, Uganda, and reflect both the personal and professional accounts of health care professionals living and working throughout communities within these countries. The findings of this study indicate that for as long as poor water and sanitation access and hygiene practices continue to plague the development of women in urban and rural communities, women and pregnant women will continue to suffer from dangerous diseases and brutal attacks of violence. Honing in on the latter concept, this study uncovered a significant link between inadequate water access and rates of domestic violence, sexual assault, and animal attacks. Understanding the health professional perspective is crucial in gathering relevant data. Through this effort, the findings of this study have been informed by those most knowledgeable on the WaSH realities identified and therefore has the ability to influence both policy and programs in realistic and productive ways. With the goal of determining and then diminishing identified risks, the data gathered from this research are meant to be used as evidence to help empower and advance women throughout East Africa. / Thesis / Master of Social Work (MSW)