Vi har i det här examensarbetet utforskat hur man kan tillverka möbler med hjälp av enbart handmaskiner och byggmaterial. Det har varit ett sätt för oss att i våra roller som både möbeldesigners och möbelsnickare närma oss hantverket och produkterna, men även att utforska hur man kan arbeta med att tillverka sina egna möbler på ett mer ekonomiskt och flexibelt sätt. Tillverkningssättet kan effektivisera hantverket samtidigt som det skapar möjlighet att arbeta nära produkten, hela vägen från skiss till färdigt resultat. Begränsningarna har varit ett sätt för oss att tänka kreativt kring form och konstruktion. Vår slutsats i vårt arbete är att handens närvaro kan med en enkel konstruktion förhöja möbelns värde och ge den fler intressanta dimensioner. / In this thesis we have explored how to make furniture using only hand machines and building materials. It has been a way for us in our roles as both furniture designers and furniture carpenters to approach the craft and the piece, but also to explore how to work on making our own furniture in a more economical and flexible way. The production method can make the craft more efficient while at the same time creating the opportunity to work closer to the piece, all the way from sketch to finished result. The limitations have been a way for us to think creatively about shape and construction. Our conclusion in our work is that with simple construction, the presence of the hand can increase the value of the furniture and give it even more interesting dimensions.

Det här är ett utforskande examensarbete där jag vill lyfta ett hantverk som för många är okänt idag. I egenskap av möbelsnickare har jag undersökt ett besläktat hantverk, bildhuggeri, med syfte att lära mig mer om tekniken och att sprida kunskap om hantverkets möjligheter. En fråga som legat till grund för arbetet är på vilket sätt bildhuggeri kan appliceras på moderna möbler och produkter anpassade för en småskalig produktion. Min grundinställning är att handskurna dekorativa inslag ger ett mervärde åt produkter och att detta bör kunna utnyttjas i en mindre tillverkning. Utifrån intervjuer med yrkesverksamma, egna tester och litteratur har jag gått vidare med en formgivningsprocess. Arbetet har resulterat i en kollektion av produkter med skurna dekorativa inslag, vilka i varierande grad är lämpade för tillverkning i mindre skala. / This is an exploratory work where I would like to draw attention to a craft that is quite unknown by people in general today. As a cabinetmaker I have examined a related craft, woodcarving, with the purpose to learn more about the technique and spread knowledge about the possibilities of the craft. One question I would like to lift is how woodcarving can be applied in modern furniture and products. My approach is that hand carved decorative elements can add value to a product, and that this ought to be possible to practice in a small-scale production. In my work interviews with active woodcarvers, practical tests and literature lead to a process to create a form. The work resulted in a collection of products with wood carved decorative elements, which in a variety of degree are suitable for a small-scale production.

This thesis work focus on evaluating the metallurgical bonding between the TiB2 andiron grains in the Fe-TiB2 composite. The starting materials were commercial materialsin form of Ferro-boron and Ferro-titanium that together with pure TiB2 powder formeda material with the composition seen below:FeB + FeTi + TiB2  52.3TiB2 + 45.7Fe + 2TiDuring sintering an iron liquid phase is formed where the boron from the FeB diffuse tothe titanium in FeTi which enables the formation of TiB2. The temperature used in theliquid phase sintering was chosen just above the three phase region, Fe-TiB2-liquid inthe phase diagram, to get an adequate densification of the samples. However, thetemperature could not be too high because of the internal stress and deformation thesamples would have been exposed to.After sintering the material properties and microstructure were examined throughPalmqvist indentations, Fargo and Transverse-Rupture-Strength tests and SEM studiesincluding EBSD.Through these tests the hardness was measured to 1323 HV and the microstructureconsidered to be fine with well distributed phases. The EBSD also showed that thebrittle Fe2B phase is present close to the TiB2 grains and that the porosity givesunreliable results for the Fargo and TRS-tests. The composite was impregnated withcopper to show that it may be possible to achieve wetting of the TiB2 phase by castingand to perform new tests on the material with less porosity.

Material selection is an important step during the design process of an object. The goal is to produce an object to meet the requirement with minimum cost. During the recent years with discovery of oil and gas in deep water, oil and gas industry facing new challenges of handling corrosive material in seabed that gives more importance and criticality to material selection of equipment for this kind of application. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), chloride and carbon dioxide (CO2) have made the big challenges for material that handle corrosive fluids in the seabed.This report presents a brief review of material selection for two parts of deepwater gate valve, Body and Gate. It is mostly focused on mechanical properties and required corrosion resistance. Ferritic alloys with low PRE numbers and low mechanical properties and also austenitic alloys with low yield strength are not a proper option for this case. Alloy 2205 is the most common stainless steel which is used in deep water gate valve production. There are other alloys in duplex group that show better mechanical and chemical properties than alloy 2205 but because of their high expense are not used by industries.

In this thesis, UN-U3Si2 nuclear fuel was fabricated using spark plasma sintering and characterized to analyze the microstructure and crystal structure of the resulting pellets. This work was done in collaboration with accident tolerant fuel research, an effort which aims at developing nuclear fuel with superior safety and performance compared to currently used oxide fuels. Uranium silicide was manufactured by arc melting to produce U3Si2 and uranium mononitride was synthesized by using the hydriding-nitriding method. They were mixed in varying compositions (5 wt%, 10 wt%, 20 wt%, and 25 wt% U3Si2) in order to create composite fuel pellets. Characterization of the resulting pellets showed an apparent ternary phase of U-N-Si, prompting fabrication of four more pellets at varying temperatures (1200 °C, 1300 °C, 1400 °C, and 1500 °C) to try and identify the temperature of phase formation. The presence of a probable ternary U-N-Si phase was confirmed to be present in all fuel pellets. Therefore, further investigation into the thermodynamic behavior of the ternary U-N-Si system is suggested before this fuel can be recommended for use in a reactor.

A computerized Fast Fourier Transform system has been used to analyse vibration measurements sampled from a 100-ton electric arc furnace. It has been the hypothesis that patterns in the vibration data would correlate to specific events in the electric arc furnace during the melting process. The theory was that the vibration patterns would be most powerful in multiples of 50 Hz, as the electric arcs operate with a frequency of 50 Hz. It was concluded that the multiples of 50 Hz were dominant. Investigation was made regarding how the amount of scrap affects the amplitude in the vibrations after a defined amount of energy input. It was confirmed that the intensity of the vibrations decreased with increasing mass and basket volume. Another discovery was the M-shaped pattern at the beginning of the melting process. This pattern was statistically analysed. It was found that 71 % of the 41 charges showed an M-shaped correlation. The appearance of this M-shape was analysed regarding power usage, and steel-type. It was concluded that the steel type affected the appearance of the M-shape. The occurrence of flat-bath was also investigated. The theory was that the vibration data would be fairly constant with the occurrence of flat-bath. It was discovered that the vibration data experienced a somewhat constant behaviour towards the end of the melting process in approximately 57 % of the 41 charges. Difficulties were encountered regarding detection of patterns, and correlating them to specific conditions, due to the many parameters that affect the vibration measurements from charge to charge. It was concluded that vibration analysis are unlikely to be used as an absolute way to foresee every event in the electric arc furnace during each charge. But can rather serve as a statistical tool, upon which decisions of how the melting process should be conducted could be based on.

No description available.

The aim of this research, part of a wider program called SPOFIC, is to investigate how the casting procedure affects the concentration of hydrogen and nitrogen gases in Compacted Graphite Iron used for the production of truck cylinder blocks. Hydris equipment was used for the Hydrogen measurements and the Optical Emission Spectroscopy and combustion analysis methods were used for the nitrogen measurements. The experiment was performed in one of the cooperating foundries. It was found that Hydrogen content is increased during pouring of the melt into the mold but nitrogen content does not seem to be effected by the process. In both cases the gas content never exceeded the solubility limit. The results are comparable with results from similar researches regarding Gray Cast Iron. / SPOFIC

Chemical energy plays a big role in the process of modern Electric Arc Furnace (EAF). The objective of this study is to compare the results of chemical reaction enthalpies calculated by four different methods. In general, the “PERRY-NIST-JANAF method” is used to calculate the chemical energies. However, this method heavily depend on heat capacities of the substances which have to be deduced from  “Perry’s Chemical Engineers’ Handbook” and “NIST-JANAF Thermochemical Tables”, even the calculation process is complicated. Then, some other methods are introduced: Total enthalpy method, HT (High Temperature) enthalpy method and Atomic energy method. In this thesis, the above four methods have been used to calculate the enthalpies of chemical reactions in EAF process. Both of “Total enthalpy method” and “HT enthalpy method” are not complicated, but some basic data are not available. The calculation for chemical reaction enthalpies cannot be completely made by these two methods. “Atomic energy method” is more complicated than “Total enthalpy method” and “HT enthalpy method”, even almost all data are available, but some results of these methods are far from those of the other three methods’. The results show that values of enthalpies obtained by “PERRY-NIST-JANAF method” are more reasonable, though the calculation process is more complicated. In this study, it is also discussed two influencing factors on EAF process: electric power and electromagnetic stirring (EMS).

There are many kinds of elements, especially heavy metallic elements, presentin the industrial slags. These elements bring big environmental problems ifthey are directly used in land filling. And the recovery of these elements canalso have benefits for the resource conservation. This paper reports the use ofelectrochemical method to extract the metal elements from both industrial slagand pure oxide. The mixture of NaCl-KCl was used as the electrolyte for thisprocess. Some proposals are alsomentioned for the further work.