績效考評是人力資源管理的重要課題，正確且有效的績效考評制度具有激 勵組織人員士氣之效果。據此，許多人事管理學者相繼提出績效考評的運 作模式，企圖瞭解影響績效考評正確性的因素，以便能建之有效的績效考 評制度。因有關績效考評運作過程模式的實證研究仍付諸闕如，本研究冀 圖綜理各績效考評運作的過程模式，探尋與績效考評正確性相關的重要因 素，並藉實證研究的結果檢視與分析績效在政府機關中的實際運作情形。 本研究採問卷調查法，抽樣對象為台灣省政府、台北市政府、高雄市政府 、考試院銓敘部及行政院人事行政局等五個單位；研究工具為研究者自行 編製的量表，主要的研究變項包括：考評者人口統計變項、受考者的特質 、績效考評的目的、績效考評的途徑、考評者觀察工作的能力、考評者使 用量表的能力、考評者的考評動機、績效考評的正確性、資料分析則採次 數分配、Ｔ考驗、變異數分析、相關分析等方法。本研究結果發現，（一 ）受考者的特質與考評的考評動機有關聯性；（二）績效考評的目的不同 對考評者的考評動機、績效考評的正確性有差異；（三）績效考評的途徑 與考評者的考評動機、績效考評的正確性具有關聯性；（四）考評者觀察 工作能力、考評者使用量表能力、考評者的考評動機之不同，在績效考評 的正確性上有顯著的差異。最後，綜合前述的研究結果加以討論，並就理 論建構與實務應用提出建議。

Denna undersökning har som avsikt att ta reda på om åsikts- och beteendeförslag runt mat och livsstil förmedlas via texter tillhörande tre företag som säljer matkassar med recept och ingredienser för middagar till ett visst antal personer i en vecka via sin hemsida. Metoden som används är textanalysmodellen Appraisal som fokuserar subjektiva attityder i text. Studien utgår från en konstruktivistisk språksyn där social praktik och språk anses sammanlänkade. Resultatet visar att matkasseföretagen antyder att individen inte kan påverka eller lastas för tidsbrist i vardagen och att medvetenhet i matfrågor anses viktigt, specifikt hur mat ska betraktas definieras dock endast i vaga och allmänna beskrivningar. / This study aims to find out if opinions on how to think and behave around questions concerning food and lifestyle are provided by three companies in texts on their websites. The companies sell a service that provides a package deal of dinner recipes and groceries for a week at a time. The method used is Appraisal which focuses subjective evaluation ​​and attitude in text. The study is based on a constructivist view of language in which social practice and language are considered linked. The results show that the companies emphasize that people cannot affect time scarcity in everyday life but they can buy a solution to the problem. They also show that awareness around food issues are considered important, though specifically how food should be considered is defined only in vague and general descriptions.

Given the nature of the valuation task environment appraisers are often made aware of previous value opinions rendered by appraisers, commonly in the form of an historic appraisal. And, because an appraisal task involves the rendering of market value, a hypothetical, unobservable construct based on probabilities, direct feedback against this objective is typically not possible. Alternate signals derived from the task environment such as confirmation of previous appraised values may be employed, thereby potentially altering the appraiser’s perception of the valuation objective leading to divergence from the normative model. The real estate behavioral literature suggests commercial appraisers have been susceptible to anonymous value opinions of experts, often times resulting in biased valuation judgments. This research is the first to focus on decision support tools as a technique to eliminate systematic biases in the appraisal process. The study focuses on the value opinion of an anonymous expert as a source of potential bias, because the value opinion of an anonymous expert is a common non-sanctioned source of influence representing a clear departure in the normative appraisal process. To operationalize the research hypotheses a two-factor randomized experiment to investigate the stated research hypotheses was conducted.

As globalization influences today’s world markets, many organisations are becoming global. An important challenge facing multinational enterprises (MNEs) in the global market is to manage the performance appraisal of expatriates out on assignment. The purpose of this thesis is to explore the appraisal process of Swedish expatriates. There has been research on expatriate appraisals in the past; however, only few of them have focused on Scandinavian MNEs. Therefore, we will investigate the effect Scandinavian management style has on the appraisal process of Swedish expatriates.   The data in our thesis is collected through semi-structured interviews with listed Swedish MNEs. The empirical findings were then compared on our revised model that reflects the characteristics of Scandinavian management style.   The results of this thesis indicate that there are some relationships between characteristics of Scandinavian management style and the appraisal process of Swedish expatriates. A collaborative approach to Human Resource Management (HRM) practices is common in Scandinavian countries, as well as focus on creating a partnership culture between employer and employee and we found that such characteristics had a large impact on attributes in the appraisal process. Scandinavian MNEs can use the conclusions drawn from the study as guidelines for performing effective appraisals of their expatriates.   However, the findings are only a minor contribution to this poorly investigated field, which needs further investigation. Suggestion for future research could be to do a similar investigation on a larger scale, and with a bigger sample.

Since 1999, Ministry of Economic Affairs, R.O.C. boosts ITDP programs actively¡Adeveloping science and technology programs get more and more important for upgrading industry¡¦s R&D abilities. This study is going to establish a performance appraisal model to promote the justice and trust of programs appraisal, provide government for a well model to advance national industries¡¦ forces and competencies. This study establishes a performance appraisal model with AHP and Delphi method. It is shown that ¡§networks effect¡¨ is the most important and critical index of this model and program. Finally we address a performance appraisal model to help the government and industries set up an evaluation or execute appraisal strategy well.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Florida, 2003. / Title from title page of source document. Includes vita. Includes bibliographical references.

Faced with the ephemeral nature of the art of performance, performing arts archivists must decide whether it is appropriate for them to intervene to ensure the creation of documents, what documents should be created, and how they should be created. In order to adequately answer these questions, archival theory, with its traditional focus on objectivity and non-interference, must meet with theories of documentation from performance and theatre studies, which question the possibility of adequately capturing or saving performance given the subjective and perspective nature of both the work and documents arising from it. This study addresses these questions both theoretically and practically through a survey of performing artists and a case study observing an archivist interacting with a performing arts community to facilitate the preservation of its work. The artists surveyed in this study demonstrated both an interest in improved documentation of their own work and an understanding of the limits of documentation. The archivist in the case study, after experimenting with various levels of involvement in the creation of documentation, concluded that the best approach would be a focus on building connections between the archival and performing arts communities, providing artists with the education and support they need to document themselves, and giving them secure homes for the documents they choose to create. / text

This research investigates the role of emotion in the persuasion process by establishing a novel relationship between emotion and construal level. Built on cognitive appraisal theories, this research proposes that the certainty appraisal components of emotions exert a direct influence on an individual’s representation of information at a high versus low construal level. The findings indicate that individuals primed to feel emotion low on certainty appraisals construe behaviors or events at a high level and estimate uncertain events as more likely to happen, while those primed to feel emotion high on certainty appraisals characterize behavior or events at a low level and evaluate uncertain events as less likely to occur (Study 1 & Study 2). Further, such a fit (vs. nonfit) between an individual’s emotional state and the construal level at which product benefits in an advertising message are represented lead to a more favorable evaluation of the message and product (Study 3). The findings from this dissertation study also illustrate that uncertainty-related emotion eliciting a high-level construal mindset leads to a cognitive shift toward relying more on nonalignable attribute differences and a greater preference for the nonalignable-better brand although individuals usually rely more on alignable attribute differences and favor the alignable-better brand (Study 4). Accordingly, these outcomes occur because the certainty appraisal components of emotions influence mental construal levels. / text

Recent theories posit that cognitive factors explain the development and maintenance of contamination fears associated with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). Few studies to date have aimed to establish causality or temporal precedence for cognitions predicting OCD-relevant distress and avoidance. The current study used a prospective design to assess threat appraisals, personality traits, and obsessive compulsive symptoms in an unselected sample of university students and community members (N = 105) several days prior to a contamination behavioural approach task (BAT) in a public washroom. Results of the hierarchical regressions demonstrated that prospective danger appraisals significantly predicted both disgust and avoidance on the BAT, even when controlling for neuroticism, disgust sensitivity, and OCD symptoms. In contrast, looming germ spread appraisals and responsibility appraisals were not significant predictors of the BAT. Results from in vivo distress ratings and implicit reaction time data indicated that disgust is more strongly associated with contaminants compared with anxiety. The findings of this research suggest that psychological treatment for contamination concerns should include monitoring of disgust as a process and outcome variable in exposure paradigms, and focus on reappraisal of danger estimates related to disease in cognitive paradigms.

No description available.