Sistemas de testes biológicos com espécies representativas têm sido utilizados para avaliar os efeitos causados por substâncias tóxicas no meio aquático. Os bioensaios contam com protocolos definidos, porém os organismos estão isolados de seu meio. O objetivo deste trabalho é desenvolver um sistema de testes capaz de avaliar os efeitos adversos, não apenas sobre uma única espécie, mas sobre um ecossistema. Para esta finalidade foi construído em laboratório um ecossistema aquático microbiano experimental capaz de gerar uma comunidade microbiológica e reproduzir em escala reduzida os componentes de um ecossistema natural, formando uma estrutura ecológica. Dois grupos morfológicos foram observados em sequência ecológica na medida em que as condições do meio eram alteradas. Curvas de dinâmicas de crescimento indicaram comportamento típico para o grupo de protozoários ciliados e apresentaram crescimento logarítmico em torno do quarto dia de aeração. Inibição no crescimento fora observada quando concentrações de 12,28 mg/l de cobre (3,12 ppm) e 2,5 ml/l de inseticida DDVP 20 são introduzidos nos sistemas. Não foi observada dinâmica típica para o grupo de bactérias filamentosas. Para análise dos resultados foi aplicado teste estatístico de análise de variância. O método não permitiu o estudo de relações ecológicas que se estabelecem, mas fornece informações sobre aspectos teóricos da ecologia referentes ao funcionamento dos ecossistemas e seus atributos como a capacidade de auto-organização e o processo de sucessão ecológica. Para maior precisão do método, sugere-se estudo da composição da comunidade incluindo métodos de biologia molecular, alongamento do período do experimento e aplicação de modelos populacionais. / Biological testing systems with representative species have been used to assess the effects caused by toxic substances in the aquatic environment. Bioassays rely on defined protocols, but organisms are isolated from their environment. The objective of this work is to develop a test system capable of evaluating adverse effects, not only on a single species, but on an ecosystem. For this purpose an experimental microbial aquatic ecosystem was built in the laboratory capable of generating a microbiological community and reproducing the components of a natural ecosystem in a reduced scale, forming an ecological structure. Two morphological groups were observed in ecological sequence as the conditions of the environment were altered. Growth dynamics curves indicated typical behavior for the group of ciliate protozoa and presented logarithmic growth around the fourth day of aeration. Growth inhibition was observed when concentrations of 12.28 mg / l copper (3.12 ppm) and 2.5 ml / l DDVP 20 insecticide are introduced into the systems. No typical dynamics were observed for the group of filamentous bacteria. Statistical analysis of variance was applied to analyze the results. The method did not allow the study of established ecological relations, but provides information on the theoretical aspects of ecology related to the functioning of ecosystems and their attributes such as the capacity of self-organization and ecological succession process. For better precision of the method, we suggest a study of community composition including methods of molecular biology, elongation of the experiment period and application of population models.

Résumé Ce travail est un premier pas dans l’étude de la qualité des eaux du fleuve Niger à Niamey. Il est basé sur la physico-chimie et les macroinvertébrés de cet écosystème aquatique. L’approche physico-chimique met en évidence les changements de la qualité des eaux, le long des rives, en relation avec les rejets de la ville et en fonction du régime du fleuve. L’impact de ces rejets est très négligeable à l’échelle de l’écosystème à cause de la forte dilution. La demande chimique en oxygène, l’oxygène dissous, l’ammonium, les orthophosphates et le phosphore total sont les principaux facteurs environnementaux qui déterminent la pollution des eaux liée aux matières organiques et oxydables, aux matières azotées et phosphorées dans ce fleuve. L’étude des macroinvertébrés fait ressortir 83 taxons répartis le long du fleuve Niger à Niamey. La description des peuplements de macroinvertébrés montre une variation de structure des communautés, en passant de l’amont à l’aval des points de rejets, caractérisée par une baisse de la richesse et de la diversité taxonomique en aval immédiat des rejets. La présence, dans certaines stations en aval immédiat des rejets, des taxons tels que Chironomus gr. plumosus, Melania sp., les familles des Syrphidae et des Culicidae, est une indication de la dégradation de la qualité des eaux liée à la matière organique. Par contre, les taxons comme Thraulus sp., Elassoneuria sp., Afronurus sp., Centroptiloides sp., Adenophlebia sp., Dipseudopsis sp. et Neoperla sp., appartenant aux Ephéméroptères, Trichoptères et Plécoptères, reflètent une meilleure qualité de l’eau dans les stations de référence situées en amont de tous les points de rejets. L’importante diversité de la famille des Chironomidae (20 taxons) dans ce cours d’eau offre de bonnes perspectives pour son utilisation dans l’étude de la qualité des eaux du fleuve Niger à Niamey. Les descripteurs qui expliquent significativement la distribution des communautés de macroinvertébrés le long du fleuve Niger à Niamey sont la matière organique (demande chimique en oxygène) et les nutriments (ammonium, orthophosphates et phosphore total). La technique d’échantillonnage au filet troubleau explique beaucoup plus d’inertie que les substrats artificiels. Quant à la jacinthe d’eau, elle présente peu d’intérêt dans l’étude de la qualité des eaux du fleuve Niger à Niamey à cause de sa présence uniquement en période de crue. Summary This survey is a first step in the study of water quality of the River Niger in Niamey. It is based on physicochemical factors and the macroinvertebrates inhabiting this aquatic ecosystem. The physicochemical approach underlines the changes in water quality, along the banks, in relation with wastewater from the city of Niamey, and as a response to seasonal variations of water level. The impact of wastewater on the scale of the entire ecosystem appears very limited, because of the strong dilution. Chemical oxygen demand, dissolved oxygen, ammonium, phosphates and total phosphorus levels are the main environmental factors that determine both the pollution due to organic (and oxidizable) matter, and the pollution resulting from nitrogen and phosphorus-based chemicals in this river. In this survey 83 taxa of macroinvertebrates were found along the River Niger in Niamey. The description of macroinvertebrates shows a variation of community structure, from upstream to downstream, that is characterized by a decrease of taxonomic richness and diversity downstream wastewater discharges. The presence of Chironomus gr. plumosus, Melania sp., families of Syrphidae and Culicidae indicates a deterioration of water quality due to organic matter in some stations near wastewater discharges. However, taxa like Thraulus sp., Elassoneuria sp., Afronurus sp., Centroptiloides sp., Adenophlebia sp., Dipseudopsis sp. and Neoperla sp. reflect a better quality of water in the reference stations located upstream of all wastewater discharges. The high diversity of Chironomidae (20 taxa) in this river makes them a good candidate taxonomic group to be used for the assessment of water quality in the River Niger near Niamey. The factors which significantly explain the distribution of macroinvertebrates communities along the River Niger in Niamey are organic matter (chemical oxygen demand) and nutrients (ammonium, phosphates, total phosphorus). Results from net hand samples explain a higher fraction of total inertia than the ones obtained using artificial substrata. Water hyacinths play a limited role in the survey of water quality in the Niger near Niamey, because they are only present during floodperiods.

The study had as objective relates the forms of the land uses with the aquatic ecosystem of the Cadena's stream catchment, identifying its critical points about the environmental conditions. The methodological proposal, accomplished in stages, it made possible to analyze the aquatic and terrestrial systems, as well as its influence on that, and the forms of the land uses influenced in the aquatic system, altering the original characteristics of the water. The point 1 located in the portion amount was characterized by the high index of urbanized area and absence of forests, breaking the natural balance of the aquatic ecosystem. The circumstances presented by the analyzed limnological and bacteriological variables allow inferring that this point presents the largest index of contamination. As well as, the point 3 located in the proximities on Sete de Setembro Street and the point 5 located close to Borges de Medeiros Avenue that also present high tenor of contamination. In compensation, the point 4 located in the Chácara das Flores, it stands out for the forest index in it influence area, above 60% and the smallest index of the water contamination. The accomplished analyses demonstrated small alteration; however it can be classified inside of the original patterns. In a general way, the aquatic ecosystem of the Cadena's stream is committed, because of the inadequate forms of the land uses. This way, it was identified the points 1, 3 and 5 like the most critics, whose water presented significant alterations as to the physical, chemistries and bacteriological properties, presenting high contamination. However, the Cadena s stream catchment shouts for its ecosystem recovering, which must leave from the beginning in the land use form and occupation / O estudo teve como objetivo relacionar as formas de uso da terra com o ecossistema aquático da Sub-Bacia hidrográfica do Arroio Cadena, identificando os pontos críticos quanto às condições ambientais. A proposta metodológica, realizada em etapas, possibilitou analisar o sistema aquático e o sistema terrestre, assim como a influência deste sobre aquele, sendo que as formas do uso da terra influenciaram no sistema aquático, alterando as características originais da água. O ponto 1 localizado na porção montante caracterizou-se pelo elevado índice de área urbanizada e ausência de florestas rompendo o equilíbrio natural do ecossistema aquático. As circunstâncias apresentadas pelas variáveis limnológicas e bacteriológicas analisadas permitem inferir que este ponto apresenta o maior índice de contaminação. Assim como, o ponto 3 localizado nas proximidades da rua Sete de Setembro e o ponto 5 localizado próximo a Avenida Borges de Medeiros que também apresentam elevado teor de contaminação. Em contrapartida, o ponto 4 localizado na Chácara das Flores se destaca pelo índice de floresta na sua área de influência, acima de 60% e o menor índice de contaminação da água. As análises realizadas demonstraram pequena alteração, porém pode ser classificada dentro dos padrões originais. De maneira geral, o ecossistema aquático do arroio Cadena está comprometido, em virtude das formas inadequadas de usos da terra. Desta forma, identificou-se os pontos 1, 3 e 5 como os mais críticos, cuja água apresentou alterações significativas quanto às propriedades físicas, químicas e bacteriológicas, apresentando alta contaminação. No entanto, a sub-bacia hidrográfica do arroio Cadena clama pela recuperação do ecossistema, que deve partir do princípio da forma de uso e ocupação da terra

Submitted by (ana.araujo@ufrpe.br) on 2016-08-23T13:07:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Rangel Eduardo Santos.pdf: 752539 bytes, checksum: 3cc44b6c20b3d1eac978b0db557a494f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-23T13:08:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rangel Eduardo Santos.pdf: 752539 bytes, checksum: 3cc44b6c20b3d1eac978b0db557a494f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-07-30 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The expansion of industrial and urban activities have changed the quality of rivers and negatively affected the reproductive biology of fish. The objective of this study is to investigate how changes in environmental quality can influence the reproduction of Hoplias malabaricus in Capibaribe river, Pernambuco. The samples were collected from september 2013 to august 2014, in three different parts of the Capibaribe river (CAP 1, CAP 2 and CAP 3, in the city Paudalho, São Lourenço da Mata and Recife, respectively), totaling 67 females and 51 males. Were realized analysis of maturational stages, sex ratio, reproductive activity index (IAR), gonadosomatic index (IGS) and hepatosomatic (IHS). To determine the environmental quality we used a rapid assessment protocol (PAR). Furthermore, were evaluated the water temperature, pH, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, total solids, total suspended solids, color and fecal coliforms. It was made a spearman correlation matrix to correlate reproduction of biological data (IGS, IHS) with environmental factors (water quality). The PAR indicated that CAP 3 is classified as a "preseverd" environment, however, CAP 1 e CAP 2 were classified as "altered" environments. The frequency of the reproductive cycle stage of H. malabaricus females indicated mature stages for almost every quarter in the evaluated sample points. The sex ratio did not indicate significant differences in the evaluated points. The IAR indicated that there was a higher reproductive activity in CAP 3, followed by CAP 1 and CAP 2. Correlation analysis of environmental and reproductive parameters for the CAP 1 point indicated correlation of IHS with the conductivity and turbidity. In CAP 2 the IGS showed negative correlation with rainfall and turbidity. The IHS analysis for this point was obtained high correlation with temperature. For CAP 3, correlations were obtained between the IHS and Total Coliform. Therefore, it is concluded that H. malabaricus can reproduce against different levels of environmental quality, which can probably be related to its high resistance to anthropogenic environments. / A expansão das atividades industriais e urbanas tem alterado a qualidade dos rios e afetado negativamente a biologia reprodutiva dos peixes. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi investigar como as mudanças na qualidade ambiental podem influenciar a reprodução de Hoplias malabaricus no Rio Capibaribe, Pernambuco. As amostras foram coletadas de setembro de 2013 a agosto de 2014, em três pontos distintos do Rio Capibaribe (CAP 1, CAP 2 e CAP nas cidades de Paudalho, São Lourenço da Mata e Recife respectivamente), totalizando 67 fêmeas e 51 machos. Foram realizadas análises dos estágios maturacionais, proporção sexual, índice de atividade reprodutiva (IAR), índices gonadossomático (IGS) e hepatossomático (IHS). Para determinar a qualidade ambiental foi utilizado um protocolo de avaliação rápida (PAR), além disso, foram avaliados a temperatura da água, pH, condutividade, oxigênio dissolvido, demanda bioquímica de oxigênio, sólidos totais, sólidos suspensos totais, cor e coliformes fecais. Foi realizada uma matriz de correlação de spearman para correlacionar os dados biológicos de reprodução (IGS, IHS) com os fatores ambientais (Qualidade da água). O PAR indicou que CAP 3 é classificado como um ambiente “Preservado”, já os trechos de CAP1 e CAP2 foram classificados como ambientes “Alterados”. A frequência do estádio do ciclo reprodutivo para fêmeas de H. malabaricus indicou estádios maduro para quase todos os trimestre amostrais nos pontos avaliados. A proporção sexual não indicou diferenças significativas nos trechos avaliados. O IAR indicou que houve maior atividade reprodutiva em CAP 1, seguido de CAP 2 e CAP 3. A análise de correlação dos parâmetros ambientais com os parâmetros reprodutivos para o trecho de CAP 1 indicou correlação do IHS com a condutividade e turbidez. Em CAP 2 o IGS obteve correlação negativa com a chuva e a turbidez. Na analise do IHS para esse trecho, foi obtidos alta correlação com a temperatura. Para CAP 3, foram obtidas correlações entre o IHS a o Coliforme Total. Diante disso, conclui-se que H. malabaricus pode se reproduzir frente a diferentes níveis de qualidade ambiental, o que provavelmente pode estar relacionado à sua alta resistência à ambientes antropizados.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T18:01:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Sabrina Kerkhoff.pdf: 1356544 bytes, checksum: df7e0e05534fa8cbacb0d1339f0ad345 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-04-05 / In recent decades the intensive development of economic activities and population growth resulted in greater pressure on aquatic ecosystems. And among the various forms of environmental contamination, pollution by metals such as mercury (Hg) stands out as one of the cause of concern for government researchers and agencies, as it can result in health problems, as a teratogenic agent and affect the central nervous system, furthermore, should be considered the environmental and economic effects. Based on this problem this research objectified to study the dynamics of Hg in the structure of the aquatic ecosystem of the Itaipu reservoir representative compartments of the trophic chain of this reservoir in order to preliminarily analyze the occurrence of biomagnification process in the trophic chain. The hypothesis was that the Hg presents different concentrations in different compartments and the concentration gradient obeys the same direction of flow of the food chain in aquatic ecosystem structure. Samples were collected in the months of December/2014, May and August/2015 in an arm of the Itaipu reservoir, located in São Miguel do Iguaçu, Brazil, covering three points. The compartments analyzed for total Hg were the sediment, phytoplankton, zooplankton, zoobenthos and fish community, including three species of different eating habits, they being the Hypophtalmus edentatus (slicer), Pterodoras granulosus (omnivorous) and Cichla monoculus (piscívoro). Total Hg analyzes were performed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry a variance analysis (ANOVA) nonparametric was conducted to determine if there were differences in mercury concentration of the different components of the ecosystem. The results showed significant differences among the groups with the largest total Hg concentrations detected for phytoplankton (145,08 ng.g-1 ± 83.77), followed by zooplankton (87,62 ng.g-1 ± 25,58), zoobenthos (32.59 ng.g-1 ± 40,56), sediment (8.69 ng.g-1 ± 3,12) and fish (1,59 ± 1.48 ng.g-1 ). In the fish compartment, the highest concentrations were observed for the filtrador habit (H. edentatus) with 3,2 ng.g-1, followed by piscivorous species (C. monoculus) with 0,95 ng.g-1 and omnivorous (P. granulosus) 0,35 ng.g-1. It was detected significant relationship between the standard length and total Hg concentrations for the species analyzed. Preliminary analysis when the Biomagnification process showed that higher concentrations of total Hg in the food chain base compartments (phytoplankton), and the lowest concentrations of total Hg chain top bodies (fishes) indicate that probably biogeochemical conditions of this environment are not conducive to methylation and biomagnification of Hg. / Nas últimas décadas o intenso desenvolvimento de atividades econômicas e o crescimento populacional resultaram em uma maior pressão sobre os ecossistemas aquáticos. E entre as várias formas de contaminação do ambiente, a poluição por metais como o mercúrio (Hg) destaca-se como uma das fontes de preocupação para pesquisadores e órgãos governamentais, visto que pode resultar em problemas de saúde pública, por ser um agente teratogênico e afetar o sistema nervoso central, além disso, devem ser considerados os efeitos ambientais e econômicos. Baseado nesta problemática esta pesquisa objetivou estudar a dinâmica do Hg na estrutura do ecossistema aquático do reservatório de Itaipu em compartimentos representativos da cadeia trófica deste reservatório, a fim de analisar preliminarmente a ocorrência do processo de biomagnificação na cadeia trófica. A hipótese era que o Hg apresenta concentrações distintas nos diversos compartimentos e que o gradiente de concentração obedece ao mesmo sentido do fluxo da cadeia trófica na estrutura do ecossistema aquático. As amostragens foram realizadas nos meses de dezembro/2014, maio e agosto/2015, em um braço do reservatório de Itaipu, situado na cidade de São Miguel do Iguaçu (PR), contemplando três pontos. Os compartimentos analisados quanto ao Hg total foram o sedimento, fitoplâncton, zooplâncton, zoobentos e comunidade íctica, abrangendo três espécies de hábitos alimentares diferentes, sendo elas o Hypophthalmus edentatus (filtrador), o Pterodoras granulosus (onívoro) e o Cichla monoculus (piscívoro). As análises de Hg total foram realizadas por espectrofotometria de absorção atômica, foi realizada uma análise de variâncias (ANOVA) não paramétrica, para determinar se havia diferença na concentração de mercúrio dos diferentes componentes do ecossistema. Os resultados apontaram diferenças significativas entre os grupos analisados, sendo as maiores concentrações de Hg total detectadas para o fitoplâncton (145,08 ng.g-1 ± 83,77), seguido do zooplâncton (87,62 ng.g-1 ± 25,58), zoobentos (32,59 ng.g-1 ± 40,56), sedimento (8,69 ng.g-1 ± 3,12) e peixes (1,59 ng.g-1 ± 1,48). No compartimento peixes, as maiores concentrações foram observadas para o de hábito filtrador (H. edentatus) com 3,2 ng.g-1, sendo seguido pela espécie piscívora (C. monoculus) com 0,95 ng.g-1 e onívora (P. granulosus) com 0,35 ng.g-1. Não foi detectada relação significativa entre o comprimento padrão e as concentrações de Hg total para as espécies analisadas. A análise preliminar quando ao processo de biomagnificação demonstrou que as concentrações mais elevadas de Hg total em compartimentos de base de cadeia alimentar (fitoplâncton) e as concentrações mais baixas de Hg total em organismos topo de cadeia (peixes) indicam que provavelmente as condições biogeoquímicas deste ambiente não sejam propicias à metilação e biomagnificação do Hg.

Black carbon (BC), the incomplete combustion product from biomass and fossil fuel burning, is ubiquitously found in soils, sediments, ice, water and atmosphere. Because of its polyaromatic molecular characteristic, BC is believed to contribute significantly to the global carbon budget as a slow-cycling, refractory carbon pool. However, the mass balance between global BC generation and accumulation does not match, suggesting a removal mechanism of BC to the active carbon pool, most probable in a dissolved form. The presence of BC in waters as part of the dissolved organic matter (DOM) pool was recently confirmed via ultrahigh resolution mass spectrometry, and dissolved black carbon (DBC), a degradation product of charcoal, was found in marine and coastal environments. However, information on the loadings of DBC in freshwater environments and its global riverine flux from terrestrial systems to the oceans remained unclear. The main objectives of this study were to quantify DBC in diverse aquatic ecosystems and to determine its environmental dynamics. Surface water samples were collected from aquatic environments with a spatially significant global distribution, and DBC concentrations were determined by a chemical oxidation method coupled with HPLC detection. While it was clear that biomass burning was the main sources of BC, the translocation mechanism of BC to the dissolved phase was not well understood. Data from the regional studies and the developed global model revealed a strong positive correlation between DBC and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) dynamics, indicating a co-generation and co-translocation between soil OC and BC. In addition, a DOC-assistant DBC translocation mechanism was identified. Taking advantage of the DOC-DBC correlation model, a global riverine DBC flux to oceans on the order of 26.5 Mt C yr-1 (1 Mt = 1012 g) was determined, accounting for 10.6% of the global DOC flux. The results not only indicated that DOC was an important environmental intermediate for BC transfer and storage, but also provided an estimate of a major missing link in the global BC budget. The ever increasing DBC export caused by global warming will change the marine DOM quality and may have important consequences for carbon cycling in marine ecosystem.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T14:38:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Paula.pdf: 2050017 bytes, checksum: 21c3eb52c665dd4160a79eda5ebfb30d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-09-24 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Lotic environments are influenced by outer regions, but also influence adjacent terrestrial environments. Studies carried in conservation areas are still scarce, especially when they refer to aquatic ecosystems, which are only preserved if inserted to a Conservation Unit. Another factor that hinders the preservation of lotic environments is the study techniques used, which are still based on terrestrial and marine environments. The objective of the present study was to analyze limnological parameters of a preserved river, the Floriano River, evaluating the quality of its waters through the comparison between two sampling points. The study was conducted between February and December 2010 in two parts of the river called stretch 1 and stretch 2, where bimonthly the following variables were sampled: air and water temperature, dissolved oxygen and oxygen saturation, pH, conductivity, turbidity and transparency. Seasonal differences were observed during the evaluation period of the study. The average air temperatures fluctuated from 15.6° C to 27.0° C, while the average water temperatures were between 17.9° C to 26.6° C. The minimum and maximum values observed for oxygen saturation were 83.6% and 111.3%, consistent with the standards of a preserved river. Transparency average values stayed between 0.3 and 0.9 m, showing a good water quality. Dissolved oxygen, pH and turbidity presented values within the standards established by the CONAMA Resolution 357/05. Considering the rivers belonging to the Iguaçu National Park, the Floriano River is the most preserved one, since its basin is fully inserted in this Conservation Unit, presenting no changes in its natural habitat. Thus, this area represents a good site for studies of abiotic variables and for setting standards to be used in the evaluation of anthropogenic environments / Os ambientes lóticos sofrem influência das regiões externas, mas também influenciam no ambiente terrestre. Os estudos em áreas preservadas ainda são escassos principalmente quando se considera os ecossistemas aquáticos, que somente são preservados quando fazem parte de uma Unidade de Conservação. Outro fator que dificulta a preservação de ambientes lóticos são as técnicas de estudos utilizadas, que ainda estão baseadas nos ambientes terrestres e marinhos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar parâmetros limnológicos de um rio preservado, o rio Floriano, avaliando a qualidade de suas águas, por meio da comparação entre dois pontos de coleta. O estudo foi realizado entre fevereiro e dezembro de 2010, onde foram amostradas bimensalmente as variáveis temperatura do ar, temperatura da água, oxigênio dissolvido, saturação de oxigênio, pH, condutividade elétrica, turbidez e transparência, em dois pontos denominados ponto 1 e ponto 2. Foram observadas diferenças sazonais durante a avaliação da pesquisa. No período de estudo foram verificadas temperaturas médias do ar de 15,6oC a 27,0oC, enquanto que para a temperatura da água foram observadas médias de 17,9oC a 26,6oC. Os valores mínimos e máximos para saturação de oxigênio foram de 83,6% e 111,3%, condizentes com os padrões de um rio preservado. Para transparência foram conferidas médias de 0,3 a 0,9m, que demonstram a boa qualidade da água As variáveis oxigênio dissolvido, pH e turbidez apresentaram valores dentro dos padrões estabelecidos pela resolução no 357/05 do CONAMA. Considerando os rios pertencentes ao Parque Nacional do Iguaçu, o rio Floriano é o rio mais preservado, por sua bacia estar totalmente inserida nessa Unidade de Conservação, portanto por não possuir modificações em seu habitat natural, torna-se importante sítio para estudos de variáveis abióticas estabelecendo padrões de comparação com outros ambientes antropizados

Byla provedena studie bioakumulace POP v potravním řetězci a historických trendů hladin POP v sedimentech Brněnské přehrady. Současné úrovně kontaminantů byly stanoveny v jelci tloušti z řeky Svratky a rovněž byla posouzena hygienická kvalita ryb z rekreačního rybolovu. Současné úrovně POP v terestrickém ekosystému byly posouzeny pomocí analýz jehličí jako přirozeného indikátoru znečištění. Studium jedinců tří druhů dravých ptáků z ČR bylo zaměřeno na zhodnocení kontaminace těchto vrcholných predátorů POP. S pomocí analýz vybraných druhů ryb ze Záhlinických rybníků byl rovněž studován proces bioakumulace. Posouzení parametrů dvou moderních extrakčních technik a jejich využitelnosti pro izolaci POP z různých matric bylo námětem poslední části dizertace.

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