There are currently no rules in international commercial arbitration law and practice assuring the coordination between (partial or final) arbitral awards and/or national court judgments rendered in identical or related cases. This lack of coordination is unsatisfactory, particularly in light of the ever-growing tendency of parties to submit their commercial disputes to international arbitration and the increasing complexity of international arbitration. Today, international commercial transactions and the disputes to which they give rise regularly involve multiple parties, contracts and issues. As a consequence, these disputes (or certain aspects of these disputes) are increasingly tried in multiple fora. In such circumstances, difficult issues regarding the res judicata effects of prior judgments or awards are likely to arise before international commercial arbitral tribunals. The central hypothesis underlying this research is that transnational principles of res judicata should be elaborated for international commercial arbitral tribunals. This solution is justified for several reasons. First, it is justified given the differences among domestic laws regarding res judicata and the difficulties surrounding the formulation of appropriate conflict-of-laws rules. Second, it avoids inappropriate analogies between international arbitration proceedings and litigation. Finally, the solution provides guidance and ensures a certain degree of fairness, certainty and predictability, which is expected by arbitration users. This PhD thesis seeks to achieve its aims in two stages: Part One examines the doctrine of res judicata in litigation, analysing the doctrine as applied in different domestic laws, as well as in private and public international law. Part Two will determine whether and to what extent the res judicata doctrine may be applied by international commercial arbitral tribunals. It will demonstrate that transnational principles of res judicata should be elaborated and will seek to formulate such principles.

This thesis try to contribute a legal research of the commercial arbitration system in Mainland China . With the developing of the Mainland China¡¦s economy, China¡¦s government is devoted to establish the legal system of the foreign investors don¡¦t trust the legal system of PRC. The commercial arbitration is a common and important way of the international disputes resolution. It will be more popular in the future.This article discusses about the international arbitration and the China¡¦s new commercial arbitration system. Not only introduces the arbitration law of PRC, but also discusses the internati -onal arbitration,for example UNCITRAL MODEL LAW and THE NEW YORK CONVENTION. This article also discusses relation between arbitration and the courts.

Soucieux de moderniser le droit de l’arbitrage, le législateur OHADA a adopté des règles particulièrement libérales. Cette approche conforme à la protection des investisseurs, a été généralisée à toute forme d’arbitrage. Il s’ensuit que les règles visant à protéger une partie en position de faiblesse vis-à-vis de son contradicteur ont été peu envisagées. Qu’il s’agisse de la convention d’arbitrage ou du procès arbitral, le sort du faible n’a pas fait l’objet d’une attention particulière. En conséquence, en dépit de nombreuses avancées quant au régime de l’accord arbitral ou du déroulement du procès, le droit OHADA devrait être révisé dans la perspective de pondérer son libéralisme chaque fois la protection du faible est légitime. Cette démarche n’aura de sens que si le législateur OHADA adapte le droit de l’arbitrage à son environnement sociologique et économique. / In order to modernize arbitration law, the OHADA lawmaker adopted particularly liberal rules. This approach complies with the protection of investors, has been generalized to all forms of arbitration proceedings. It follows that the rules designed to protect a party in a weakness position vis-à-vis his opponent has been little considered. Whether the arbitration agreement or of the arbitral proceedings, the fate of the weak is not the subject of special attention. Accordingly, despite many advances as to the regime of the arbitration agreement or conduct of the trial, the OHADA law should be amended in order to mitigate its liberalism whenever the protection of the weak party is legitimate. This approach will only make sense if the OHADA lawmaker adapts the arbitration law to its sociological and economic environment.

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This paper analyzes mainly the figure of the annulment of an arbitratien award for having ruled on a non-arbitrable matters and the power of judges to invoke this ground of trade. With that purpose , this paper also consider some important legal concepts as the nullity, the arbitrability and public order as well as the Peruvian Arbitration Act and the grounds for annulment of awards which is expected. / El presente artículo analiza, principalmente, la figura de la anulación de un laudo por haberse pronunciado sobre una materia no arbitrable y la potestad de los jueces de invocar esta causal de oficio. Con ese fin, estudia también algunos conceptos jurídicos importantes como la nulidad, la arbitralidad y el orden público, así como también a la Ley de Arbitraje peruana y las causales de anulación de Laudos que esta prevé.

El presente artículo se escribe con la finalidad de darle solución a unos de los problemas más recurrentes entre los grupos de empresas, pues veremos las ventajas deNestablecer clausulas arbitrales en los contratos de grupo, teniendo en cuenta que en nuestro ordenamiento no tenemos una regulación sobre grupos empresariales, de esta manera analizaremos la forma contractual de formación de grupos, desde el punto de vista de unarealidad peruana de manera que nos darán luces sobre las leyes societarias y demás leyes arbitrales, teniendo en cuenta que en nuestro ordenamiento tendremos la posibilidad de introducirlas, debido a que nuestra legislación arbitral nos da esa posibilidad de accionar a estos órganos alternativos de solución de conflictos, siendo de suma importancia ya que, se establecerá las ventajas que dentro de un contrato de grupo harán posible que los problemas intra societarios o extra societarios en un pacto entre empresas sean resueltas con mayor eficiencia tratando de regular la posibilidad de que los problemas de grandes grupos de empresas pueden ser parte de un proceso de arbitraje societario, puesto que como se viene detallando en la descripción problemática existen conflictos que son resueltos de manera ineficiente. / This article is written with the purpose of providing a solution to some of the most recurrent problems among groups of companies, as we will see the advantagesof establishingarbitrationclauses in group contracts, taking into account that in our legal system we do nothave a regulation on business groups, in this way we will analyze the contractual form of group formation, from the point of view of a Peruvian reality so that they will shed light oncorporatelaws and other arbitration laws, taking into account that in our legal system we willhave the possibility of introduce them, because our arbitration legislation gives us the possibility of activating these alternative dispute resolution bodies, being of utmost importance since the advantagesthat within a group contract will be established will make it possible for intra- corporate or extra problems companies in a pact between companies areresolved more efficiently by trying to regulate the possibility that the problems of large groups of companies may be part of a corporate arbitration process, since, as has been detailed in the description of the problem, there are conflicts that are resolved inefficiently.

This thesis is an in-depth discussion and analysis of the alternative dispute resolution process of arbitration in the United States. It begins by providing a basic explanatory overview of arbitration clauses and the arbitration process. It then goes on to highlight the various benefits over traditional court litigation that arbitration has to offer. From there, the paper presents a detailed discussion of the many shortcomings of the arbitration process. It identifies the overall lack of procedural fairness that exists in arbitration today due to the fact that arbitration currently tends to favor businesses over consumers and workers during dispute settlements. The paper then identifies the various negative potential consequences that exist as a result of the unfair nature of arbitration today. This thesis concludes by presenting various ways that the arbitration process can be improved upon to make for a fairer, more neutral dispute resolution alternative.

L’estoppel ou l’interdiction de se contredire au détriment d’autrui consacre un principe connu dans les sources de la common law : le principe de cohérence. Cette règle n’existait pas en droit judiciaire privé français. Son introduction en procédure civile et en matière d’arbitrage s’est faite de manière progressive. À cela, il convient de constater qu’il existe, dans notre ordonnancement judiciaire, des institutions jurisprudentielles et légales qui sanctionnent déjà des attitudes procédurales contradictoires. Leur existence se retrouve dans le code de procédure civile, mais aussi dans de nombreuses décisions de la Cour de cassation. En droit positif, l’estoppel ne serait ainsi pas la seule règle sanctionnant l’incohérence procédurale.Déjà étudié sous l’angle contractuel, le principe de cohérence n’avait encore jamais été analysé sous son angle processuel. Tout d’abord, cette thèse conduit à se pencher sur la recherche d’une définition du principe de cohérence, pour ensuite s’attacher à la pertinence de son introduction dans notre droit interne. / The estoppel or prohibition to contradict himself embodies a principle known in the sources of the common law: the principle of coherence. This rule does not exist in French private judicial law. Its introduction in civil procedure and in arbitration procedure is made gradually.To this, it must be noted that there is already, in our judicial right, jurisprudential and legal institutions who condemn the inconsistency of an attitude in front of the adversary. Their existence is found in the Code of Civil Procedure, and in some decisions of the Court of Cassation. In positive law, estoppel would not be the only rule sanctioning procedural incoherence.Already studied under the contractual perspective, the principle of coherence had never been analyzed under its procedural angle. First, this thesis led to consider looking for a definition of the principle of coherence, then focus on the relevance of its introduction into French judicial law.

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2017-12-18T12:06:58Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Ciro Rangel Azevedo.pdf: 1165918 bytes, checksum: 4910f05409e091ccf65efbc7bf38513c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-12-18T12:06:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ciro Rangel Azevedo.pdf: 1165918 bytes, checksum: 4910f05409e091ccf65efbc7bf38513c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-06 / The purpose of the present paper is to analyze the phenomenon related to the binding of a non-signatory party to the arbitration agreement in the context of group of companies under the Brazilian legal system. Therefore, starting from the Brazilian legal framework of the arbitration agreement under the brazilian law nº 9.307/1996 and also a legal evaluation based on principles and arbitral and Brazilian court’s precedents, this paper seeks to comprehend the concept and extent of the non-signatory consent, which is the fundamental element to impose the binding effect. In this context, it will be comprehended the role carried out by the non-signatory party along the negotiation, execution and/or termination of the contract in which other company of the same group of companies celebrated with another party. The behavior adopted by the non-signatory party, though, may indicate the implied consent to the contract and to the arbitration provision inserted, justifying binding effect of the arbitration procedure upon the mentioned non-signatory party. However, the simple existence of a group of companies does not authorize immediately the binding effect, but generates the relative presumption of the non-signatory company’s consent. In conclusion, this paper indicates that is possible to bind a non-signatory party in the context of group of companies under Brazilian legal system / A presente dissertação tem por objeto a análise do fenômeno da vinculação da parte não signatária à cláusula compromissória nos casos dos denominados grupos societários à luz do ordenamento jurídico brasileiro. A partir do regime jurídico da convenção de arbitragem segundo a Lei nº 9.307, de 23 de setembro de 1996, de uma análise a partir de princípios jurídicos e, ainda, de julgados sobre o tema proferidos em sede de arbitragem e pelas cortes judiciais domésticas, este trabalho busca compreender o conteúdo e alcance da declaração negocial da parte não signatária – pressuposto elementar para caracterizar a vinculação. Nesse contexto, será compreendido o papel desempenhado pela parte não signatária na negociação, celebração, execução e/ou cessação do contrato em que figuraram como partes signatárias outra sociedade do mesmo grupo societário e uma contraparte, de modo a revelar típico comportamento concludente apto a exteriorizar o consentimento, via declaração negocial tácita, da sociedade não signatária em relação ao contrato e à cláusula compromissória. Contudo, a mera existência do grupo societário não autoriza a automática vinculação da sociedade não signatária à cláusula compromissória, contudo a sua configuração gera presunção relativa de consentimento da sociedade não signatária, em razão das características de tais grupos. Ao final, o trabalho conduz à conclusão segundo a qual é possível vincular uma parte não signatária à cláusula compromissória nos casos de grupos societários à luz do ordenamento jurídico brasileiro

The author makes a critical analysis of the current situation of the Arbitration in Peru, from various court decisions that have identified the standard of motivation that must have an arbitration award. In this way, the author indicates that the consequences of annulling arbitral awards by improper motivation, insufficient motivation or follow criteria of the Arbitral Tribunal are severe and it affects all the progress that has been obtained in the arbitration in these last two decades. / El autor hace un análisis crítico la situación actual del Arbitraje en el Perú, a partir de diversas decisiones de las cortes al momento de identificar el estándar de la motivación que debe tener un laudo arbitral. De esta forma, precisa que las consecuencias de anular laudos arbitrales por indebida motivación, insuficiente motivación o por calificar criterios del Tribunal Arbitral son graves y afecta todo el avance que se ha obtenido en el Arbitraje en estas dos últimas décadas.