The purpose of this study is to gain understanding of the types and purposes of art museum educational programs, services and collaborative projects that have been developed by art museum educators for university audiences. Additionally, this study examines the challenges in creating and sustaining these educational experiences. This study presents results from an exploratory qualitative web survey administered to art museum educators from public, private, and university art museums. This study provides insight into the relationships between the art museum educators and the university audiences. Additionally, this study underscores the importance of understanding theoretical differences from which art museum educators and university audiences view the educational role of the art museum and its collections.

This research study provides answers to questions pertaining to current practices in the art museum field regarding socially responsive programming and the motivations for developing and implementing such programs. Socially responsive programming is programming that encourages dialogue and debate about social, economic and political issues in order to promote honesty, fairness, concern for the rights and welfare of others, empathy, and compassion (Desai & Chalmers, 2007). The study engaged a mixed methods approach by utilizing a survey and three case studies. The purpose of the survey was to gauge the position of the field in relation to their values and support of socially responsive programs. Janes’ and Conaty’s (2005) four characteristics of socially responsive museums: seeing social issues and acting to create social change (idealism); building and sustaining strong relationships with the community (intimacy); investing time for reflection and resources to fully understand social issues (depth); and judging the museum’s worth, not based on building size, prestige of collections, or attendance numbers, but on the quality programs a museum provides to the community (interconnectedness) guided the construction of the survey and served as an analytical tool for the case studies. The survey sample resulted from distributing the survey through major museum-themed listservs. The survey also aided in identifying three exemplars of socially responsive museum. These institutions, Museo de Arte Contemporáneo de Monterrey, the Columbus Museum of Art, and the San Angelo Museum of Fine Arts, comprised a purposeful sample in order to further investigate museum staff members’ motivations for creating and instituting socially responsive art museum practices. / text

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This project utilized a form of arts based educational research described as analog hypertext to develop interpretative material representing multiple critical, theoretical, and disciplinary perspectives on objects in a university art museum’s object study gallery. Drawing on scholars’ recommendations for postcolonial interpretation of non-Western art, the project created a web of information, which simultaneously revealed and critiqued the underlying ideologies and power structures shaping the museum’s display in an effort to change existing interpretive practice. The project developed five color-coded thematic self-guided tours—art as commodity, spiritual practice, technology and cultural evolutionism, mortuary rituals, and postcolonial perspectives—presented to the public as an interpretive exhibition invited visitors’ contributions. This paper explores how the analog hypertext functions as both a research tool and a content delivery device for the representation of multiple critical perspectives, fostering interdisciplinary perspectives and visitor meaning-making in the process.

abstract: The general field of interest of this study was art education in the context of art museums in the United States. The vehicle of a mixed method, descriptive research design was used to investigate whether museum educator and curator participants had tendencies to use personal or communal approaches (Barrett, 2000) to teaching art interpretation to adult visitors. While the personal approach to art interpretation focused on individuals' responses to artworks, the communal approach emphasized the community of art scholars' shared understandings of artworks. Understanding the communities of practice of the participants was integral to the discovery of meaning in the study's findings. Wenger (1998) introduced the theory of community of practice to explain how individuals, who are united in a particular context, shared similar perspectives, learned socially from each other, and gained a sense of identity through their routines and interactions. The study examined how museum educators' and curators' separate communities of practice influenced their members' teaching approaches through the development of distinct teacher personae. Teacher personae reflected the educational values and priorities of museum educators' and curators' communities of practice. And, teacher personae had tendencies to adopt personal or communal approaches to art interpretation. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Curriculum and Instruction 2014

In seeking to create a richer learning environment in a junior high art classroom, the author develops a theory of presence. Closely connected to object-centered learning, a theory of presence in the art classroom places value on students being in the presence of, interacting with, and responding to artworks, artists, and other individuals and objects from the visual arts community. The author then describes how curricular plans are influenced by this theory of presence. Using an action research methodology, the author engages in the spiral process of planning, acting, observing, and reflecting on curriculum that explores the possibilities of connecting students with objects, artifacts, and people that privilege physical interaction and presence. Guest artist visits, utilizing a local art museum, and other methods are explored as possibilities for this to be achieved.

For art to become personally meaningful to visitors, museums need to view art interpretation as a narrative inquiry process. General museum visitors without art expertise naturally make meaning of art by constructing stories around a work to relate to it. Narrative inquiry, a story based exploration of experience, fits into contemporary museum education theory because it is a constructive and participatory meaning making process. This thesis examines how art museums can build upon visitors' natural interpretive behaviors, by employing art-based narrative inquiry practices and using the work of art as a narrative story text. Individuals learn when their personal narrative comes into conflict with the narrative of the museum and they negotiate new meaning. This kind of narrative learning is a process of inquiry that visitors must engage in themselves. The art museum interpretive experience can foster in visitors the ability to engage in an art-based narrative inquiry process by suspending disbelief,recalling personal memories, comparing different narrative versions, imagining possible meanings, and re-storying experiences into new understandings. This research text explores these topics through a narrative based method of inquiry comprised of a series of autobiographical stories describing the researcher's experiences in coming to understand the relationship between narrative inquiry and art museum education.

學校教育與美術館教育在美術教育理念上有著共同的理想與目標，只是兩者在實施內容與方法上有所差異。兩者若能建立良好的互動與合作關係，不但對學生的學習效果可產生極大的影響，同時也符合美術館教育功能的發揮。目前國內多數美術館以在美術館內辦理教師研習活動，培訓學校教師具有運用美術館能力作為發展館校合作的一種方式。然而，美術館在辦理此種研習活動時，教師需求為一重要的考量因素，同時也必須使教師瞭解美術館舉辦教師研習活動的目的與意義，進而達成兩者發展合作關係的基礎。 本研究先運用文獻分析法探討國內外美術教育與美術館教育的理論發展趨勢，以作為建立兩者合作互動的理論基礎。進而從文獻與親自訪查兩方面，蒐集國內外美術館建立館校合作的模式與舉辦教師研習活動的內容與方式。最後，則以問卷、焦點團體與電話訪談三方面來對國中美術教師進行調查訪問，探討其對美術館舉辦教師研習活動的需求與館校合作方式的意見。研究者則根據此三方面的調查資料作一綜合分析比較，提出以下十點結論： 一、美術教師認同美術館對學校師生具有各種不同的教育功能。 二、美術教師對於運用美術館資源從事教學的知能仍有待加強。 三、美術教師在運用美術館資源上仍面臨許多障礙。 四、美術館的展示內容與方式對一般國中學生的學習接受程度有所困難，影響學生的學習意願。 五、美術教師認同美術館舉辦教師研習活動的目的，同時認為有參加此種研習活動的需求。 六、美術教師參加研習活動的需求在於獲得教學資源與藝術鑑賞教學法的運用。 七、美術教師對教師研習活動的舉辦類型與課程內容需求以教學上的實用性需求高於理論知識性、學校課堂上的教學需求高於以美術館為教學環境的需求以及鑑賞教學需求高於創作教學需求。 八、美術教師對研習活動的教學方式以實作性的需求較高，在師資來源上則偏好有實際教學經驗的美術教師。 九、美術教師對研習活動的舉辦時間以寒暑假的需求最高。 十、美術教師對於與美術館互動方式的意見上，以希望美術館能出版與展示相關的教學資源，並在班級參觀美術館時提供展示解說與活動。 根據上述結論，研究者進一步提出下列四方面建議，希望能提供給相關單位參考。 一、美術館應加強製作可提供給學校作為教學運用的教學資源媒體，並建立學校購置管道的途徑。 二、在教師研習的規畫內容與方式上，應注重教師所具有的成人需求特性。 三、美術館應嘗試與學校建立各種互動與溝通的管道。 四、將美術館教育內容納入九年一貫的課程領域中。 第一章 緒論 第一節 問題背景與研究動機 第二節 研究目的與問題 第三節 研究範圍與限制 第四節 名詞解釋 第二章 文獻探討 第一節 國中美術教育的理論與發展現況 一、現今美術教育的理論發展探討 二、我國國中美術教育的課程內容發展 三、國中美術教師的專業知能 第二節 美術館教育的特質與學習特性 一、美術館教育的特質與特性 二、美術館教育相關理論模式探討 三、美術館與學校的合作關係 第三節 美術館教師研習活動的型式 一、美術館教師研習活動的規劃要素 二、國外美術館的教師研習活動與資源 三、國內美術館舉辦教師研習活動的型式 第三章 研究設計與實施 第一節 研究方法與架構 第二節 研究對象 第三節 研究工具 第四節 研究過程 第五節 資料處理 第四章 研究結果與討論 第一節 研究對象基本資料分析 第二節 美術教師教學現況分析 第三節 教師對美術館教育功能認知情形 第四節 美術館教師研習活動的需求分析 第五節 美術館與學校教師互動之意見分析 第六節 綜合討論 第五章 結論與建議 第一節 結論 第二節 建議 第三節 後續研究建議 參考書目 附 錄 附錄一：台北縣市國中美術教師對美術館教師研習活動需求調查問卷（預試） 附錄二：台北縣市國中美術教師對美術館教師研習活動需求調查問卷（正式） 附錄三：台北縣市國民中學名錄