The thesis examines the role that Australian graphic satirists play in the theatre of public life. The main focus of the thesis is on newspaper cartoonists but for the purposes of comparative analysis, there is a discussion of a representative selection of satiric texts across different media (essentially, television and radio) since the mid-1960s, and also an historical survey of the development of graphic satire from its origins during the Protestant Reformation in Europe. Apart from a small number of references, this study does not venture into the vast field of on-line satire, a topic more properly addressed in a separate scholarly investigation. Graphic satire in the medium of the newspaper is of particular interest because of its consistent production and wide circulation, its relative freedom from censorship and libel laws, and the ability of the cartoon image to condense and concentrate issues which would be too complex or defamatory in print or on television. Political cartooning as it is understood today emerged during the early nineteenth century, at about the same time as the modern newspaper and the profession of journalism, but graphic satire also has links with a venerable tradition of the artist as social critic and has historically been associated with movements for social justice and democracy. It is in the context of these latter associations that I consider political cartoonists as belonging to the sphere of the public intellectual. The discussion of cartoonists as public intellectuals is framed against a discourse of decline that has been circulating for more than a decade, acquiring an urgency in this country during the later years of the Howard administration. This declinist narrative covers a number of areas of cultural and political life and is not confined to the Australian context; as British writer Helen Small points out, it is “an increasingly transnational conversation” (02:1). Briefly outlined, there is a perception that the terms of public debate have narrowed; that citizens have become disengaged from the democratic process; that between the ‘celebrity intellectual’ and the tenured academic, the life of the mind is not what it used to be, and even political satire itself has been seen by some commentators as being in terminal decline. The different arguments about cultural and social decline can be placed under the more encompassing subject heading of an ongoing debate about democracy and in particular, whether it is functioning as well as it should. With the adoption of neo-liberalism as an overarching political ideology by most western governments in the early 1980s, anxieties about whether the principles of democracy were gradually being usurped or even eroded by the primacy of market values have gathered momentum during the past two decades. The volume of these concerns has been amplified in the aftermath of September 11, 2001 and the subsequent ‘war on terror’, with the state’s increased emphasis on security and control of its citizens being interpreted as threats to some of the basic tenets of the democratic system, such as free speech and the rule of law. In contrast to the various narratives of decline, my thesis proposes that democracy is still very well served by the kind of vigorous and long-standing practice of dissent that the public intellectual represents, and more specifically, the embodiment of this tradition in contemporary newspaper cartoonists. By definition, graphic satire questions and challenges the status quo and at least since Hogarth in the eighteenth century, it has always been a public art-form. Hogarth’s personal involvement in many of the social issues and philanthropic schemes of his day (such as anti-gin legislation and state care for orphans) also exemplifies an important aspect of the extra-professional work of graphic satirists which further links them to the public intellectual. A commitment to social activism and making use of the different platforms available (for example, public speaking and donating work to charities) in order to support, publicise or promote issues of social justice began with Hogarth and continues with contemporary Australian cartoonists.

Thèse (M.A.)--Université Laval, 2004. / Bibliogr.: f. 106-111. Publié aussi en version électronique.

CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / Essa tese à o resultado de pesquisa sobre a presenÃa do pÃblico em exposiÃÃes de artes plÃsticas em centros culturais e museus de arte. Utilizando dados da observaÃÃo etnogrÃfica, descrevemos prÃticas sociais e interaÃÃes efetuadas entre os atores sociais durante o tempo em que estÃo em exposiÃÃes. ApÃs aproximarmos o leitor do universo da pesquisa e discutirmos conceitos da abordagem sociolÃgica de exposiÃÃes de arte, tratamos das prÃticas sociais fundamentais do pÃblico em exposiÃÃes, como estudar, brincar, conversar, observar a obra, dar uma olhada, conviver, fazer carinho e namorar. Tentamos tambÃm mostrar como a exposiÃÃo pode consistir em item de um conjunto de atividades significativas para os atores sociais. A tÃtulo de conclusÃo, apresentamos nossas contribuiÃÃes e discutimos os limites do modelo um indivÃduo / uma obra e da concepÃÃo de exposiÃÃo de arte como arena de recepÃÃo de mensagens. / The result of the following thesis was based on research upon public attendance to art exhibition in Cultural Centres as well as Art Museums. Utilizing observing ethnographic facts, we describe social practices and interactions which take place amongst social actors during the time of the exhibit. On bringing the reader to the researching universe and discussing concepts based on a sociologic approach of art exhibition, we cover the fundamental social practices of the public during exhibits on how to study, play, talk, observe the artistic work, take a glimpse, familiarize, caress and court it. We also try to show how the exhibit may consist an item of a group of activities significant to the social actors. As to conclude, we presented our contributions and discussed the limits of the pattern individual / art work and that of the conception of art exhibition as a receptive message arena.

Jaques Ranciére (2009b) argues that if there is a political question in contemporary art, ‘…it will be grasped through the analysis of the metamorphoses of the political ‘third’, the politics founded on the play of exchanges and displacements between the art world and that of non art’ (2009b:51). Looking at graffiti and street art in Barcelona as ‘textures’, which stimulate the mind, body and senses. I have investigated what public space means for its inhabitants through the material nature of the surfaces by which it is contained and by applying media devices. This has led me to develop an ethnography of encounters, perceptions and sensibilities linked to political practices and different modes of participation in the everyday life of the city. Following Jacques Ranciére’s (2004) conception of ‘political aesthetics’, I argue that the aesthetic of graffiti and street art can be embodied according to different sensible orders in the city. The public space is key in this process and I see it as an interface between graffiti artists, the general public and the institutions of the city. Graffiti activate the urban landscape through visual and tactile transformations of space through surfaces. These interactions, as De Certeau (1985) claims about everyday practices, may articulate narratives, which became the main source of information for this thesis. Thinking about the graffiti works in Barcelona in terms of Bakhtin’s (1981) idea of ‘the chronotope’, I have recounted the stories, which make the transformation of public space indicative of the everyday life of the city applying practices of collaboration, dialogue and intervention. These practices connected me to different surfaces of the city so as to explore how their material qualities are permeated with social relations and artistically inscribed with historical and political meanings. Here, graffiti and the city formed a compound of images in which I have studied the ‘visuality’ of graffiti in Barcelona. This, as Hal Foster (1988) argues, encloses at the same time social facts and physical operations (body and psyche) and moves, as I will show throughout this thesis, between dominant and resistance cultures. In short, I have materialized these ideas and images in the graffiti texture of Barcelona, seeing it as a mutable surface, which mediates between different ways of seeing and living in this city.

The diploma thesis is dealing with public space in the city of Hradec Králové and the main participants that influence the form of public space the inhabitants of the city. The thesis describes the urban development of the city, the implementation of plans in public space and the most important events held. A survey was carried out thanks to which the level of participation of the inhabitants of the city in the events that were held was found out, their aproach towards the public space and the way they saw the changes that were made in the public space. On the whole it summons the recommendations and advice from the inhabitants in this area which is put in contrast with the statement of the authority of Hradec Králové. It also confronts the economic parameters of possible further changes in public space. The thesis results in general advice for the development of public space in the city of Hradec Králové but also in other cities.

Projeto de investigação transdiciplinar com ênfase nas atuais abordagens dialógicas estabelecidas entre arte e esfera pública. Discute o estatuto contemporâneo da Arte Pública e decorrentes hibridizações bem como do museu como espaço de investigação e interlocução artística, com base em ações e experiências processuais e colaborativas. Desenvolve procedimentos inspirados nas práticas museais, tendo os imaginários urbanos como território de análise, confi gurando novas arqueologias da memória urbana contemporânea. Do espetáculo à experiência da cidade, passa-se às diferenças entre visualidade e visibilidade, passa-se da cidade ao lugar. Opera-se uma distinção entre visualidade e visibilidade, entre recepção e percepção, entre comunicação e informação. Em todas essas diferenças se produzem metamorfoses do olhar. / Transdisciplinary research project focused on contemporary dialogic aproach based on art and public sphere. It discusses the role of contemporary Public Arte and current hybridizations as well as the museum as a research\'s space and artistic conversation. It develops procedures inspired on museum practices and it has the urban imaginaries as territories of analyses, confi gurating new archeologys of contemporary urban memory. From the spectacle to the city\'s experience, it pass through differences betwenn visuality and visibility, the city and the site. It operates a distinction between visuality and visibility, reception and perception, communication and information. In all those differences metamorphosys of the look are produced.

The theoretical diploma thesis presented deals with chosen artistic activities within a public space and outlines their educational purposes for pupils of grammar and high schools. For this purpose, the artistic movements and terms which are related to art in a public space are clarified at first, the problems in education of the current art lessons then follow. The thesis is concluded with the analysis of the three contemporary artistic activities which took place in a public space within the domestic surroundings.

Projeto de investigação transdiciplinar com ênfase nas atuais abordagens dialógicas estabelecidas entre arte e esfera pública. Discute o estatuto contemporâneo da Arte Pública e decorrentes hibridizações bem como do museu como espaço de investigação e interlocução artística, com base em ações e experiências processuais e colaborativas. Desenvolve procedimentos inspirados nas práticas museais, tendo os imaginários urbanos como território de análise, confi gurando novas arqueologias da memória urbana contemporânea. Do espetáculo à experiência da cidade, passa-se às diferenças entre visualidade e visibilidade, passa-se da cidade ao lugar. Opera-se uma distinção entre visualidade e visibilidade, entre recepção e percepção, entre comunicação e informação. Em todas essas diferenças se produzem metamorfoses do olhar. / Transdisciplinary research project focused on contemporary dialogic aproach based on art and public sphere. It discusses the role of contemporary Public Arte and current hybridizations as well as the museum as a research\'s space and artistic conversation. It develops procedures inspired on museum practices and it has the urban imaginaries as territories of analyses, confi gurating new archeologys of contemporary urban memory. From the spectacle to the city\'s experience, it pass through differences betwenn visuality and visibility, the city and the site. It operates a distinction between visuality and visibility, reception and perception, communication and information. In all those differences metamorphosys of the look are produced.

Questa dissertazione si propone di contribuire alla riflessione teorica sulle trasformazioni della città contemporanea, che discipline come la sociologia urbana e, nell’ultimo decennio, la sociologia della cultura, stanno portando avanti; vorrebbe, in particolare, costruire dei ponti tra queste e la produzione artistica per lo spazio pubblico che va sotto il nome di Public Art. Il mutato rapporto fra forma fisica della città, modelli produttivi e modalità di uso degli spazi pubblici ha contribuito a stimolare la formazione di nuovi ambiti di elaborazione dell’identità collettiva. Attraverso uno studio qualitativo realizzato in Italia e negli Stati Uniti, mostra come l'Arte Pubblica obblighi l’arte e gli artisti ad una ridefinizione del loro ruolo “pubblico”: la sperimentazione di nuove strategie di comunicazione simbolica nello spazio pubblico e la ricerca di un confronto con la dimensione locale del territorio fanno della Public Art un’innovativa formula di rappresentazione e rappresentatività del territorio. / This dissertation contributes to the ongoing debates about the transformations of contemporary cities, which has long invested urban sociology and, more recently, has become a concern in the sociology of culture. It also explores the possibility to build bridges between these disciplines and the production of art in public space known as Public Art. The transformed relationship between the city’s physical form, its production systems and the different ways in which public space is used nowadays creates new areas for the elaboration of social identities. Through a qualitative study carried out in Italy and the United States, it also shows how contemporary Public Art requires a redefinition of the “public” role of art and artists: as it tests new strategies of symbolic communication in public space and it tries to get in contact with the local dimension, Public Art becomes an innovative formula of representation of the territory.

DABUL, Lígia Maria de Souza. O público em público: práticas e interações sociais em exposições de artes plásticas. 2005. 333f. Tese (Doutorado em Sociologia) – Universidade Federal do CEARÁ, Departamento de Ciências Sociais, Programa de Pós- Graduação em Sociologia, Fortaleza-CE, 2005 / Submitted by Liliane oliveira (morena.liliane@hotmail.com) on 2011-11-29T13:54:01Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2005_TESE_LMSDABUL.pdf: 1849039 bytes, checksum: bec58ce55af60c7c6229b3d92fa040f7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Josineide Góis(josineide@ufc.br) on 2011-11-29T14:51:32Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2005_TESE_LMSDABUL.pdf: 1849039 bytes, checksum: bec58ce55af60c7c6229b3d92fa040f7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2011-11-29T14:51:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2005_TESE_LMSDABUL.pdf: 1849039 bytes, checksum: bec58ce55af60c7c6229b3d92fa040f7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005 / The result of the following thesis was based on research upon public attendance to art exhibition in Cultural Centres as well as Art Museums. Utilizing observing ethnographic facts, we describe social practices and interactions which take place amongst social actors during the time of the exhibit. On bringing the reader to the researching universe and discussing concepts based on a sociologic approach of art exhibition, we cover the fundamental social practices of the public during exhibits on how to study, play, talk, observe the artistic work, take a glimpse, familiarize, caress and court it. We also try to show how the exhibit may consist an item of a group of activities significant to the social actors. As to conclude, we presented our contributions and discussed the limits of the pattern individual / art work and that of the conception of art exhibition as a receptive message arena. / Essa tese é o resultado de pesquisa sobre a presença do público em exposições de artes plásticas em centros culturais e museus de arte. Utilizando dados da observação etnográfica, descrevemos práticas sociais e interações efetuadas entre os atores sociais durante o tempo em que estão em exposições. Após aproximarmos o leitor do universo da pesquisa e discutirmos conceitos da abordagem sociológica de exposições de arte, tratamos das práticas sociais fundamentais do público em exposições, como estudar, brincar, conversar, observar a obra, dar uma olhada, conviver, fazer carinho e namorar. Tentamos também mostrar como a exposição pode consistir em item de um conjunto de atividades significativas para os atores sociais. A título de conclusão, apresentamos nossas contribuições e discutimos os limites do modelo um indivíduo / uma obra e da concepção de exposição de arte como arena de recepção de mensagens.