La capacité à appréhender des enjeux complexes est devenue une question vitale pour les organisations en ce début de XXIe siècle et mobiliser l'intelligence collective pour y répondre apparait comme une piste intéressante à explorer. Afin de mieux cerner le potentiel de cette alternative aux façons de faire actuelles, nous avons mené une recherche-action sur des pratiques innovatrices favorables à l'émergence d'une telle intelligence collective. En nous basant sur la théorie de la complexité en sciences sociales, nous avons constitué un espace ouvert de réflexion collective (Owen, 1997) prenant la forme d'un atelier de création. L'animation et la réalisation de cet atelier ont servi de lieu d'observation privilégié des processus qui entrent en jeu dans une dynamique d'intelligence collective. La stratégie de recherche-action participative a ouvert la voie à une approche en émergence dans le champ de l'animation, soit « The Art of Hosting and Harvesting ». Cette recherche exploratoire a procédé par la mise en œuvre de différentes pratiques qui en découlent, afin de cerner les conditions favorables à l'émergence de l'intelligence collective. Les pratiques étudiées partagent des fondements humanistes et des valeurs communes, tels le respect, l'ouverture, la confiance, l'écoute et l'authenticité. Lieu de réflexion sur des enjeux organisationnels complexes, l'atelier a fait éclore une pensée collective dont le déploiement et l'évolution ont été suivis et modélisés. Pour ce faire, une approche esthétique des organisations (Strati, 1999) a été privilégiée afin de cerner et refléter la complexité des phénomènes émergents. Les résultats de recherche issus de la mise en œuvre des pratiques montrent que plusieurs conditions se conjuguent pour favoriser l'émergence de l'intelligence collective, à savoir : l'intention (Scharmer, 2007a), l'ouverture à soi et à l'autre (Scharmer, 2007), la présence (Scharmer, 2007), le dialogue (Bohm, 1996), la collaboration (Heath, 2007), le désir de reliance (Morin, 1995) et l'énergie (Csikszentmihalyi, 1997). Un modèle dynamique du processus collectif menant à la création d'une intelligence collective résulte de la recherche. Cette étude contribue à l'avancement des connaissances en communication en explorant des moyens de mobiliser le potentiel de collaboration et d'intelligence collective, pour aider les personnes et les organisations à faire face aux enjeux complexes du XXIe siècle. ______________________________________________________________________________ MOTS-CLÉS DE L’AUTEUR : complexité, organisation, changement, intelligence collective, The Art of Hosting and Harvesting.

A pesquisa em questão pretendeu compreender o processo de construção de um território dos sentidos através do diálogo, no âmbito de um projeto de Educação Ambiental. Buscou-se investigar as relações de pertencimento e vínculo que se estabelecem entre os sujeitos e o ambiente da APA Embu-Verde através de um processo de diálogo e criação coletiva para uma leitura de mundo (FREIRE, 1996). Situada na região metropolitana de São Paulo, no município de Embu das Artes, a APA (Área de Proteção Ambiental) Embu-Verde é uma unidade de conservação criada pela Lei municipal n. 108/ 2008 (EMBU DAS ARTES, 2008). A pesquisa está inserida num projeto mais amplo de Diagnóstico Socioambiental da APA Embu- Verde, aprovado com recursos do FEHIDRO (Fundo Estadual de Recursos Hídricos) que envolve uma série de atores e instituições incluindo poder público, sociedade civil e Universidade de São Paulo. Neste contexto utilizou-se uma metodologia inovadora para a prática do diálogo The World Café (BROWN, 2001) que faz parte de um conjunto de metodologias intitulada Art of Hosting (Arte de anfitriar conversas significativas). Buscamos através do presente estudo responder a seguinte pergunta: Em que medida o World Café, entendido como método de diálogo pode contribuir nos processos de Educação Ambiental? Com a possibilidade de um estágio de doutorado-sanduíche nos EUA com apoio da Capes/Fulbright foi possível aprofundar o estudo sobre o World Café como método de diálogo e da abordagem do Art of Hosting no tratamento de questões complexas. Neste sentido foram realizadas 12 entrevistas com lideranças que vem utilizando tal abordagem na cidade de Columbus, Ohio, EUA para lidar com questões complexas em diversas áreas (Saúde, Educação, Moradia, Segurança alimentar). Os resultados destacam o forte componente de aprendizado presente em tais metodologias e a jornada pessoal de cada um dos anfitriões como parte essencial do processo. O referencial teórico é multirreferencial contando com o pensamento de autores de diversos campos: da Educação e complexidade ((FREIRE, MORIN) da Educação Ambiental (SORRENTINO, CARVALHO, SAUVÉ, JACOBI). A compreensão dos dados foi realizada segundo a hermenêutica, uma interpretação simbólica de cunho antropológico através da jornada interpretativa (FERREIRA-SANTOS, 2006) no campo da Antropologia da Educação. / This research aims to comprehend the process of building a territory of meanings through dialogue within the framework of an environmental education project. We sought to investigate the sense of belonging and connections established between people and the environment at the Embu Verde environmental protected area through a process of dialogue and collective creation for a reading of world (FREIRE, 1996). Situated in the metropolitan region of São Paulo, in the city of Embu das Artes, the APA (Environmental Protected Area) Embu Verde is a conservation unity recently created by a municipal law (n. 108/2008). This research is inserted into a bigger project called APA Embu Verde Social and Environmental Diagnosis, financially supported by FEHIDRO (Water Resources State Fund), which is composed by multiple stakeholders and institutions including the public sector, civil society and University of São Paulo. In this context we used The World Café methodology (BROWN, 2001) which is included at the Art of Hosting approach, a set of innovative methodologies to deal with complex issues. We sought through this study to answer the question: In which way The World Café, as a dialogue method, can contribute to the environmental education process? Through the opportunity of a Capes/Fulbright scholarship we could deeply understand the methodology principles in contact to The World Café Community Foundation. We did 12 interviews with host leaderships who have been using such an approach in various fields in the city of Columbus, Ohio (US) to deal with complex issues in areas like Health, Education, Homelessness, Food Security. The results highlights the strong learning component present in such methodologies and the personal journey of each host as an important part of the process. The theoretical reference has multidisciplinary sources, with the authors working on different fields, like Education and Complexity (FREIRE, MORIN), Environmental Education (SORRENTINO, CARVALHO, SAUVÉ, JACOBI). The analysis of the data was based on hermeneutics, which is a symbolic interpretation with an anthropological approach through an interpretative journey (FERREIRA-SANTOS, 2006) in the field of Anthropology of Education.

A pesquisa em questão pretendeu compreender o processo de construção de um território dos sentidos através do diálogo, no âmbito de um projeto de Educação Ambiental. Buscou-se investigar as relações de pertencimento e vínculo que se estabelecem entre os sujeitos e o ambiente da APA Embu-Verde através de um processo de diálogo e criação coletiva para uma leitura de mundo (FREIRE, 1996). Situada na região metropolitana de São Paulo, no município de Embu das Artes, a APA (Área de Proteção Ambiental) Embu-Verde é uma unidade de conservação criada pela Lei municipal n. 108/ 2008 (EMBU DAS ARTES, 2008). A pesquisa está inserida num projeto mais amplo de Diagnóstico Socioambiental da APA Embu- Verde, aprovado com recursos do FEHIDRO (Fundo Estadual de Recursos Hídricos) que envolve uma série de atores e instituições incluindo poder público, sociedade civil e Universidade de São Paulo. Neste contexto utilizou-se uma metodologia inovadora para a prática do diálogo The World Café (BROWN, 2001) que faz parte de um conjunto de metodologias intitulada Art of Hosting (Arte de anfitriar conversas significativas). Buscamos através do presente estudo responder a seguinte pergunta: Em que medida o World Café, entendido como método de diálogo pode contribuir nos processos de Educação Ambiental? Com a possibilidade de um estágio de doutorado-sanduíche nos EUA com apoio da Capes/Fulbright foi possível aprofundar o estudo sobre o World Café como método de diálogo e da abordagem do Art of Hosting no tratamento de questões complexas. Neste sentido foram realizadas 12 entrevistas com lideranças que vem utilizando tal abordagem na cidade de Columbus, Ohio, EUA para lidar com questões complexas em diversas áreas (Saúde, Educação, Moradia, Segurança alimentar). Os resultados destacam o forte componente de aprendizado presente em tais metodologias e a jornada pessoal de cada um dos anfitriões como parte essencial do processo. O referencial teórico é multirreferencial contando com o pensamento de autores de diversos campos: da Educação e complexidade ((FREIRE, MORIN) da Educação Ambiental (SORRENTINO, CARVALHO, SAUVÉ, JACOBI). A compreensão dos dados foi realizada segundo a hermenêutica, uma interpretação simbólica de cunho antropológico através da jornada interpretativa (FERREIRA-SANTOS, 2006) no campo da Antropologia da Educação. / This research aims to comprehend the process of building a territory of meanings through dialogue within the framework of an environmental education project. We sought to investigate the sense of belonging and connections established between people and the environment at the Embu Verde environmental protected area through a process of dialogue and collective creation for a reading of world (FREIRE, 1996). Situated in the metropolitan region of São Paulo, in the city of Embu das Artes, the APA (Environmental Protected Area) Embu Verde is a conservation unity recently created by a municipal law (n. 108/2008). This research is inserted into a bigger project called APA Embu Verde Social and Environmental Diagnosis, financially supported by FEHIDRO (Water Resources State Fund), which is composed by multiple stakeholders and institutions including the public sector, civil society and University of São Paulo. In this context we used The World Café methodology (BROWN, 2001) which is included at the Art of Hosting approach, a set of innovative methodologies to deal with complex issues. We sought through this study to answer the question: In which way The World Café, as a dialogue method, can contribute to the environmental education process? Through the opportunity of a Capes/Fulbright scholarship we could deeply understand the methodology principles in contact to The World Café Community Foundation. We did 12 interviews with host leaderships who have been using such an approach in various fields in the city of Columbus, Ohio (US) to deal with complex issues in areas like Health, Education, Homelessness, Food Security. The results highlights the strong learning component present in such methodologies and the personal journey of each host as an important part of the process. The theoretical reference has multidisciplinary sources, with the authors working on different fields, like Education and Complexity (FREIRE, MORIN), Environmental Education (SORRENTINO, CARVALHO, SAUVÉ, JACOBI). The analysis of the data was based on hermeneutics, which is a symbolic interpretation with an anthropological approach through an interpretative journey (FERREIRA-SANTOS, 2006) in the field of Anthropology of Education.

This thesis examines how dialogue-based methodologies can be integrated into a participatory planning process for strategic sustainable development. Evidence of the complex nature of the sustainability challenge is cited as necessitating tools and methodologies suited for dealing with complexity. The methodologies in this study were designed to use dialogue to address complex problems in which outcomes are unpredictable. Within the sustainability practitioner community, we identified a need for research on systematic guidance for pairing engagement processes with use of the Framework for Strategic Sustainable Development (FSSD). This research focuses on how a specific set of dialogue-based methodologies within the Art of Hosting network can be integrated with the FSSD to strengthen the linkage between content and process. As the culmination of our research, we have developed The Weave: Participatory Process Design Guide for Strategic Sustainable Development (www.theweave.info). It includes a Template for process design, suggestions and examples for use, and guiding principles. It is the first prototype of participatory process design guidance to be offered for pilot testing in the field of strategic sustainable development.

The primary intent of this thesis was to determine if and how the practice of Art of Hosting, a dialogue–based, participatory process architecture, could foster social capital in communities and other large, complex social systems working to address a variety of complex challenges, in order to draw conclusions that could contribute, in a meaningful way, to the advancement of strategic sustainable development (SSD). We hoped to gain useful insights by examining and interpreting the results from two case study systems existing within very different social contexts and with very different organizational structures: Columbus, Ohio and the European Commission. Based on the results of our research, strategic recommendations, guidelines and tools were developed for SSD practitioners wishing to assess the level of social capital in the systems in which they operate and take strategic steps to increase it. These same recommendations, guidelines and tools should also be helpful for Art of Hosting practitioners working to address complex societal challenges in general. Overall, the authors of this thesis believe that these results hold particular significance for any collaborative or multi-stakeholder effort to build support for adoption, and ensure the successful implementation, of sustainability goals and programs. This could include Eco-Municipalities, Transition Towns, Agenda 21 Communities, Smart Cities, and large complex organizations such as multi-national corporations or universities, to mention but a few. / <p>daly.elaine2013@gmail.com</p>