The aim of this diploma thesis is to assess the experience of extreme metal musicians. Using a qualitative approach, 23 texts on the topic of "Why I like metal" were analysed. These reference texts were written by death, black, and thrash metal musicians. Additionaly, an interview and artifacts analysis was conducted. Based on the qualitative approach, 12 categories representing the experience of metal musicians were formulated. However, this view did not correspond with the general notion of extreme metal. Two views, one "from the inside" and another "from the outside" of the metal community, were thus formed. Based on the growing dissonance of these two views, the theoretical concept of hermeneutice of suspicion was applied. Based on this interpretative stratégy, four areas have been identified, in which metal musicians mask metal aggresion, primitiveness, incomprehension and inaccessibility. KEYWORDS Metal music, experience of musicians, analysis of texts, analysis of interview and artefacts, hermeneutics of suspicion,

Abstract Mixed media, as artful assemblages of digital objects and physical artefacts, provide distinctive opportunities for experiential, presentational and representational interaction. In project-based learning of architecture design, participants staged spatial narratives with multiple projections, performed mixed objects and artefacts, and exploited bodily movements in mixed representations. These cases show how physical interfaces in mixed media acquire a spatial dimension, integrate physical artefacts and bodily movements and propose configurability as a central feature. A perspective based on anthropological concepts of performance makes it possible to address these aspects in a coherent way, pointing to sense experience, the individuality and collective emergence of expression and its diachronic and event-like character. From this perspective, interaction is part of expressive events aimed at generating new insights for participants (interchangeable performers and spectators) privileging sense experience. Events are the outcome of configurations of space, artefacts and digital media, and are characterised by a simultaneousness of doing and undergoing, of bodily presence and representation. More importantly, the performance perspective suggests a particular temporal view of interaction, based on the concept of event, addressing a neglected granularity of analysis between the moment-by-moment unfolding of interaction and the longer term co-evolution of technology and practice. Implications of interaction as performance contribute to a wider program of interaction design, thereby providing alternatives to established human-computer interaction tenets: the notion of event is an alternative to the notion of task; perception in Dewey's terms replaces recognition proposing expression as an alternative to accountability and usability. Implications include looking at how space can be configured and staged instead of measured or simulated, and how situations can be staged instead of sensed and recognised, privileging the sensing human over the sensing system.

Autonomous navigation of our rough-terrain rovers implies the need of a good representation of their near surrounding. In order to archive this we fuse several of their sensors into one representation called OctoMap. But moving obstacles can produce artefacts, leading to untraversable re- gions. Furthermore the map itself is increasing in size while discovering new places. Even though we are only interested in the near surrounding of the rovers. Our approach to these problems is the usage of timestamps within the map. If a certain region was not updated within a given interval, it will be set to free space or deleted from the map. This first option is an existing solution and the second option reflects our new alternative.

L’objet de cette thèse vise à restituer les pratiques funéraires d’une partie du territoire atrébate entre la fin de l’Âge du Fer et le début du IIIe s. apr. J.-C. Il est situé à l’est de la Cité des Atrébates, à la rencontre avec les Cités des Nerviens et des Ménapiens. L’Ostrevant n’existe pas en tant que tel dans l’Antiquité. Néanmoins, il correspond à une réalité antique mise en avant par la spécificité des pratiques funéraires par rapport au reste de la Cité et à celles qui l’environnent, soulignant ainsi la nécessité de réaliser des études à l’échelle micro-régionale.Le monde funéraire constitue aujourd’hui une thématique privilégiée, pour laquelle la masse de données rassemblées grâce à l’activité de l’archéologie préventive permet d’effectuer des synthèses de ce type. Le catalogue a été réalisé à partir des données brutes de fouilles d’ensembles funéraires faites par la Direction de l'Archéologie Préventive de la Communauté d'Agglomération du Douaisis (CAD-DAP), augmenté par le dépouillement des rapports de fouilles effectuées dans la région Nord-Pas-de-Calais par les différents opérateurs de l’archéologie préventive. Plus de six cents sépultures sont ainsi inventoriées dans l’Ostrevant, et plus de deux mille dans le Nord-Pas-de-Calais et sur la frontière belge. L’étude se découpe en sept chapitres articulés autour du traitement fait aux morts par les vivants : l’ensemble funéraire dans son espace naturel et la relation par rapport aux vivants, l’étape du bûcher, la gestion des résidus de crémation, le traitement des os brûlés du défunt, la constitution de la tombe, et les dépôts de mobilier. Un volet chronologique ouvre l’étude. Enfin, un chapitre synthétique traitant de la signification de la tombe et des dimensions sociales, culturelles et historiques clôt la thèse. / The aim of the thesis is to relate the funeral practices from a part of the territory of the Atrebates between the end of the Iron Age and the beginning of the third century A.D. It is situated at the east of the Civitas Atrebatorum, at the meeting point with the Civitas Nerviorum and the Civitas Menapiorum. The Ostrevant did not exist during antiquity ; however, it corresponds to an antique reality emphasized by the specificity of the funeral practices in comparison with the rest of the Civitas and surrounding areas, thus underlining the interest of doing studies on a micro-regional scale.The funeral world represents a privileged subject in contemporary archaeological research, and the synthesis undertaken in this thesis was made possible by the large amount of data collected by preventive archaeologists. The inventory gathers the data from the excavations of cemeteries led by the archaeological service of the Douaisis (CAD-DAP), augmented by the results of excavations made in the region Nord-Pas-de-Calais by various departments of preventive archaeology. More than 600 graves have been unearthed in the Ostrevant, and more than 6000 have been excavated in the region Nord-Pas-de-Calais.The study consists of seven chapters, organized around the treatment given to the dead by the living : the cemetery in its natural context and its relation with the living, the stage of the cremation, the management of the cremation residues, the treatment of the burned bones of the dead, the constitution of the grave, and the offerings. A chronological chapter opens the study. Finally, a synthetic chapter treating the significance of the grave and the social, cultural and historical dimensions closes the thesis.

The University of Pretoria offers the course <i.Use of the Internet in Education and Training (RBO 880) since 1997. This module is presented as an online course with minimum face to face interaction between facilitator and learners. The research documents and analyses the activities, cyber artefacts, documentation, interactions and challenges, constructed and designed by the facilitator and learners’ that formed part of this module. This literature review comprises an exploration into five different aspects of online learning under different headings specifically: learning theories, eLearning, virtual communities, adult Learning characteristics adult motivation and instructional design principles. This research reports only on one main research question: What can be learnt from the continuous presentation of the module Use of the Internet in Education and Training (RBO 880)? The research design and the methodology that will be followed during a properly development research approach is functional in this particular context (RBO 880) and enables the researcher to address the research question, that falls within the scope of this research study. The researcher explores multiple perceptions, to ensure trustworthiness of data and analyses of the module that is presented and analysed. The researcher analyses selected aspects of the design, development and implementation of the RBO 880 module from an exploration of a selection of its artefacts. As a prelude to each facet of this analysis, the researcher will present and explore a cyber artefact retrieved from the cyber archives. In this archive is stored a great variety of electronic source documents representative of the six years during which the module RBO 880 were presented. The substantive reflection combines the findings with the literature review. The researcher attempts to construct a balance by providing some critique against the presentation of the RBO 880 module as part of the conclusions. The conclusions reached in this research answers the research question and might prove useful in future research, for researchers’ organisational specialist, readers, online facilitators and curriculum designers, into training and learning that takes place through the medium of the Internet. / Dissertation (MEd (Computer Intergrated Education))--University of Pretoria, 2007. / Curriculum Studies / MEd / unrestricted

In the spring of 2018, a prospection and subsequent research excavation of a previously unstudied area related to the rampart of the Viking age town of Birka, Sweden, was undertaken by students and professors from the archaeological science department affiliated with Stockholm University.The purpose of this paper is to examine and categorise the various excavated finds, the ensuing conservation and preservation of the metal objects as well as to investigate the context and possible function of the site regarding the spatial distribution of said finds.The main method used is that of metal conservation with the wet-chemical technique EDTA; a method that was deemed adequate for the treatment of the dry metal finds from the rampart excavation.The conservation and categorisation suggest that the metal posts consist of assorted metal objects, predominately rivets and nails as well as unidentified fragmented objects; the occasional slag fragment was evident. The material category of clay and ceramics contains assorted burnt clay and ceramic sherd fragments, some with decoration. Whetstone (or hone stone) and flint fragments make up most of the stone finds while the category of glass consists of a few bead fragments. The bulk of the osteological material consists of burnt and unburnt animal bones, some with slaughter marks in the form of cuts and hacks. Two human bone fragments were found; a humerus- and cranial fragment.Post holes and charcoal in the context of the rampart suggests the possibility of wooden supports and/or a superimposed wooden structure on the rampart itself that likely burnt at some point in time. The interpretation of the excavated area, based on the distribution of the finds and material categories, is that of a dumping site for discarded town refuse, most likely set against or near a walled construction; the rampart. The dating of the site is based on object similarities as well as stratigraphy and set to; Early to Late Viking Period, c. A.D. 820-1000(1150).The analyses, materials and the stratigraphy of the site together with a contextual analysis of the objects in question furthers the knowledge of Birka’s rampart and will enable future scientific inquiries into this specific rampart as well as similar fortification structures.

Syftet med studien är att synliggöra vilka strategier barn med annat modersmål än svenska använder för att ansluta sig till lek i förskolan samt vilka strategier förskolepersonal använder för att inkludera flerspråkiga barn i förskolan. Syftet är också att öka kunskapen om leken och den pedagogiska utomhusmiljöns betydelse för inkludering av barn med annat modersmål än svenska i förskolan. Studien baseras på en sociokulturell teori och diskursiv psykologi har använts som metodansats. Detta arbete synliggör att samspel med andra är eftersträvansvärt utifrån den sociokulturella teorin. För att besvara frågeställningarna har metoden observation använts genom tre observationer i en förskolas utomhusmiljö. Resultatet i studien visar att barn som talar annat modersmål än svenska använder sig av provokation som strategi för att ansluta sig till lek. Även artefakter som exempelvis cykel och sandlådans leksaker användes för att bjuda in till lek och även för att inkludera varandra i slutna lekar. Förskolepersonal använde sandlådans leksaker som redskap för samspel med barn med annat modersmål än svenska. De viktigaste slutsatserna som studien visar är att artefakter är viktiga för barnen och personalen för att uppnå inkludering, då artefakterna stöttar både samspel och kommunikation, samt att flerspråkiga barn använder strategier för att ansluta sig i lek som riskerar att uppfattas som oönskade beteenden. / The purpose of this study is to make visible which strategies children with a mother tongue other than Swedish use to join play in preschool and which strategies preschool staff use to include multilingual children in preschool. The purpose is also to increase knowledge about the meaning of play and the pedagogical outdoor environment for inclusion of children with a mother tongue other than Swedish in preschool. The study is based on a sociocultural theory and discursive psychology as a methodological approach. This study shows that interaction with others is desirable based on the sociocultural theory. To achieve the purpose of the study, observation has been used as a method by performing three observations in an outdoor environment of one preschool. The results of the study show that children with a mother tongue other than Swedish use provocation as a strategy to join play. Artefacts such as bicycles and sandbox toys were also used to invite others to play and also to include each other in closed play. Preschool staff used the sandbox’s toys as tools for interaction with children with a mother tongue other than Swedish. The most important conclusions of the study are that artefacts are important to both children and staff for reaching inclusion, as the artefacts support both interaction and communication, and that multilingual children use strategies to join play that are at risk of being perceived as undesirable behavior.

Combinations of different acrylic resins and microcrystalline waxes are most often used for the conservation and preservation of metallic archaeological artefacts these days. However, their properties are not sufficient and satisfactory in many ways. Therefore, the aim of this doctoral thesis is to develop a conservation system which will draw on the new knowledge gained in the field of advanced materials and technologies during last years. A conservation coating based on a thin barrier film appears the most promising. The conservation coating must fulfil particularly following rather contradictory requirements: good barrier function against oxygen, humidity and other corrosive agents; transparency because of colour appearance preservation; long term stability and easy removability; possibility to apply to more objects at the same time and reasonable financial requirements of a deposition process. Parylene C polymer was chosen as suitable material for this purpose. It was prepared via modified chemical vapour deposition. Parylene removability was ensured through the soluble interlayer made of Laksil silicone-acrylic lacquer which was applied between the protected metallic object and the parylene thin film. Initially, the deposition process of Laksil/parylene bilayer was optimized, then its physical and chemical characteristics were determined and eventually, they were compared with the conventional conservation coating composed of Paraloid B72 acrylic resin and Revax microcrystalline wax. Regarding to the demands of the conservation coating, we were interested especially in barrier properties, optical properties, surface morphology and removability of Laksil/parylene bilayer. The most useful method for description of coating barrier properties was corrosion testing in which coated metallic samples were exposed to highly corrosive environment of salt spray (made of 50 g•l–1 brine), 100% humidity and temperature of 35 °C (ISO 9227). The Laksil/parylene bilayer showed excellent barrier properties; samples treated this way sustained unchanged in the corrosion chamber for almost three months. The surface roughness measured by profilometry and surface morphology scanned by SEM illustrated the synergy between Laksil and parylene layer which leads to the exceptional barrier and anticorrosion function of bilayer. The Laksil layer is able to flatten out rough surface of a substrate. Furthermore, it can toughen the item surface which is, in case of a number of archaeological findings, created by corrosion product layers with variable mechanical strength. Thereon deposited parylene film becomes smooth and defect free and can act as a good diffusion barrier. The colouristic measurements confirmed that the Laksil/parylene bilayer does not almost change the appearance of protected item, in terms of colour. The caused colour difference (ISO 11664-4) ranged around 1 which value is defined as “perceivable only for experienced observers”. The Laksil/parylene bilayer is removable thanks to the Laksil solubility in xylene. It is necessary to carefully scratch the outer parylene film to enable access of xylene solvent to the lacquer. The successful removal of Laksil/parylene bilayer was first confirmed by the EDX on metallic iron samples. Afterwards, the possibility of bilayer complete removal even from a corroded surface of the original artefact was proved by TGA. Thus the conservation treatment can be considered fully reversible.

The battle at Klågerup: Culture of history and the use of history in conjunction with Sweden’s last peasant uprising. During the early 1800’s the southern part of Sweden and its people was subjected to change in terms of agricultural management, also known as the great agricultural reform. This was only one of several aspects which affected the peasants towards a time of lesser status and rights. Eventually an unforeseen to some degree forced enlistment of 15. 000 peasants in southern Sweden became a decisive moment in Sweden’s history. In which the commoners revolted against the Swedish state at varying locations. However, one area in particular was affected by the peasants’ accumulated discontent. Namely a small village called Klågerup, which resulted in the Swedish government quelling the uprising in what can only be referred to as a blood bath. Approximately 23 peasants were killed in 1811 while the Swedish cavalry suffered no casualties according to records. The aim of this essay examines how people have used the memory of the Klågerup riots, in conjunction with two historical perspectives, which are culture of history and the use of history. The examination is done through the lens of a qualitative hermeneutic text analysis. The interest of examining the Klågerup riots in conjunction with the specific above-mentioned perspectives is based on an inspiration of Anders Dybelius’s thesis called “A sustainable memory? The use of history in relation to Georg Carl von Döbeln 1848 – 2009”. The material used in this examination includes newspapers, a play, a novel, scientifically researched historical literature, one historical monument and one building of historical value. All of the used material for analysis is referred to as artefacts. The analysis through the help of Klas-Göran Karlssons and Ulf Zanders typology in regard to use of history, and Dybelius’s perspective of local-ideology show interesting results. The result indicates that multiple purposes for the use of history is applicable on a majority of the used artefacts. Furthermore, regarding the culture of history based on Dybelius’s rendering of Jörn Rüsens tripartite thematization in terms of culture of history, resulted in three artefacts being categorized into each of the three themes. In total nine artefacts were analyzed regarding both the use of history and culture of history. A didactic reflection upon the use of history, culture of history and history awareness is presented in the end of this paper regarding how one might implement the three into the classroom and role of teaching

The thesis deals with a possible relationship between the late Iron Age settlement and gold deposits. Its first objective is to determine the probability rate in which of the three selected areas of Bohemia ( áslavsko, Jílovsko and P íbramsko) the gold mining could take place in La Tène period and where is an increased probability of obtaining direct evidence of this mining. The second objective is to create a model of gold mining and gold processing in La Tène period and to propose a framework for the future research that would confirm or deny such model. The thesis consists of three parts. The first part (chapters 1 - 4) contains general introduction to the topic of gold in La Tène period in Bohemia region, a summary of current knowledge about the possible gold mining and a comparison of possibilities and limits to deepen this knowledge. Emphasis is put on methods and procedures, including the application of very promising chemical-physical analysis. The second part of the thesis (chapter 5) focuses on detailed analysis of gold deposits and settlements in La Tène period in selected regions of áslavsko, Jílovsko and P íbramsko, where is the La Tène gold mining expected. In the subchapters on geology, primary and secondary gold deposits, including geochemical anomalies and historical mining relicts...