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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Ochratoxin A production by Aspergillus ochraceus

Mühlencoert, Ellen. January 2004 (has links) (PDF)
München, Techn. University, Diss., 2004.
2

Produ??o de quitosanase por aspergillus ochraceus em cultivo descont?nuo submerso

Silva Filho, Raimundo Cosme da 13 December 2005 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:01:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RaimundoCSF.pdf: 2059810 bytes, checksum: 4d1a84d062e046ae8304a415fa8bdd6b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-12-13 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / In this work a 24 factorial design with triplicate at central point was used in order to investigate the influence of chitosan concentration (substrate) (Cs), culture media temperature (CMT), aeration ratio (AR) as well as agitation (A) on chitosanase production by Aspergillus ochraceus. Experiments were carried out using the following levels to the factors: (Cs) (-1) 0.1%; (0) 0.15%; (+1) 0.2%; (TMC) (-1) 25 minutes; (0) 30 minutes; (+1) 35 minutes; (RA) (-1) 0.4; (0) 0.6; (+1) 0.8; (A) (-1) 90 rpm, (0) 120 rpm, (+1) 150 rpm. One chitosanolytic activity (U.mL-1) was defined as the enzyme necessary to produce 1.0 mmol.min-1 of glicosamine by mL of extract. Chitosanolytic assays were carried out using two extract volumes, 0.05 and 0.1 mL, respectively. Results showed that was possible to produce chitosanase of order aproximatelly 5,9 U.mL-1 by Aspergillus ochraceus and chitosanolytic activity was increased by increment on substrate concentration, aeration ratio as well as agitation while media culture temperature increment decreased activity / No presente trabalho utilizou-se um planejamento fatorial 24 com repeti??o em triplicata no ponto central, para se investigar a influ?ncia dos fatores: concentra??o de quitosana (substrato) (Cs), temperatura de cultivo (TMC), raz?o de aera??o (RA) e agita??o (A) na produ??o da enzima quitosanase por Aspergillus ochraceus. Os ensaios foram realizados aleatoriamente utilizando-se os seguintes n?veis para os fatores: (Cs) (-1) 0,1%; (0) 0,15%; (+1) 0,2%; (TMC) (-1) 25 minutos; (0) 30 minutos; (+1) 35 minutos; (RA) (-1) 0,4; (0) 0,6; (+1) 0,8; (A) (-1) 90 rpm, (0) 120rpm, (+1) 150 rpm. Uma unidade de atividade quitosanol?tica (U.mL-1) foi definida como a quantidade de enzima necess?ria para produzir (1,0 mmol.min-1) de glicosamina por mL de extrato enzim?tico. Para o teste de atividade quitosanol?tica foram utilizados dois volumes diferentes de caldo enzim?tico 0,05 mL e 0,1 mL, respectivamente. Os resultados mostraram que foi poss?vel produzir quitosanase em concentra??o aproximada de 5,9 U.mL-1 utilizando Aspergillus ochraceus e que a atividade foi favorecida pelo aumento da agita??o (A), da raz?o de aera??o (RA) e da concentra??o de substrato (Cs), enquanto que o aumento da temperatura de cultivo (TMC) n?o favoreceu a resposta (atividade quitosanol?tica)
3

Biotransformação da diacereína por fungos e avaliação do potencial citotóxico do seu principal metabólito humano / Biotransformation of diacerein by fungi and evaluation of the cytotoxic potential of its main human metabolite

Ferreira, Júlia Martins Ulhôa 16 August 2016 (has links)
Submitted by Marlene Santos (marlene.bc.ufg@gmail.com) on 2016-08-30T17:41:02Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Júlia Martins Ulhôa Ferreira - 2016.pdf: 3148442 bytes, checksum: fc17d72cc71fdebb2a4ec57487e7cd21 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2016-08-31T13:05:08Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Júlia Martins Ulhôa Ferreira - 2016.pdf: 3148442 bytes, checksum: fc17d72cc71fdebb2a4ec57487e7cd21 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-31T13:05:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Júlia Martins Ulhôa Ferreira - 2016.pdf: 3148442 bytes, checksum: fc17d72cc71fdebb2a4ec57487e7cd21 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-16 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq / The study of biotransformation is important in the evaluation of safety and efficacy and for developing of new drug candidates. The "microbial models of mammalian metabolism", in which microbial biotransformation is used for the purpose of predict and obtaining human metabolites, is an alternative method to the use of animals for this study. Several advantages such as lower cost, a greater quantity and variety of derivatives produced, using mild conditions of reaction and decreasing the use of toxic volatile organic solvents are observed. The aim of this study was to produce derivatives of diacerein (1,8-diacetoxy-3-carboxyanthraquinone) by biotransformation using filamentous fungi and to evaluate the cytotoxicity of the main derivatives obtained given the resurgence of interest in this class of compounds. The diacerein is an anthraquinone with a wide range of biological activities, like as anti-osteoarthritis, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, prevention of vascular disease, insulin resistance treatment, anticancer. Analytical methodologies have been developed for monitoring the production of derivatives by thin layer chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). After screening with seventeen fungal strains, Aspergillus ochraceus ATCC 1009 and Cunninghamella echinulata ATCC 9245 were selected for incubation in semipreparative scale. Of these incubations rhein (the main human metabolite) was obtained, which was characterized using the techniques Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) 1H e 13C, High Resolution Mass Spectrometry (MS), spectrometry in the UV region and analysed by HPLC. Another derivative was obtained by incubation with Aspergillus ochraceus ATCC 1009 and characterized by MS and analyzed by HPLC being, possibly, glycosylated diacerein. The influence of the addition of cytochrome P450 inhibitor in the production of metabolites was performed and inhibited the production of rhein about 41%, which may indicate the involvement of CYP1A1 and CYP1A2 in the deacetylation reaction. The cytotoxic potential of diacerein and rhein was evaluated by the tetrazolium reduction method (MTT) assay using murine fibroblast cells 3T3 and tumor cell line B16F10 (melanoma). Both the rhein, as diacerein, have demonstrated cytotoxic potential against B16F10 cells. / O estudo da biotransformação é de fundamental importância na avaliação da segurança e eficácia e para o desenvolvimento de novos candidatos a fármacos. O “Modelo microbiano do metabolismo animal”, no qual a biotransformação microbiana é utilizada com a finalidade de prever e obter metabólitos humanos, representa um método alternativo ao uso de animais para esse estudo, uma vez que são observadas diversas vantagens como menor custo, maior quantidade e variedade de derivados produzidos, utilização de condições brandas de reação e redução da utilização de solventes orgânicos voláteis tóxicos. O objetivo deste estudo foi produzir derivados da diacereína (1,8-diacetoxi-3-carboxiantraquinona) por biotransformação, utilizando fungos filamentosos e avaliar a citotoxicidade dos principais derivados obtidos, em função do ressurgimento do interesse desta classe de compostos. A diacereína é uma antraquinona com ampla gama de atividades biológicas - antiosteoartrósica, analgésica, anti-inflamatória, antipirética, prevenção de doenças vasculares, tratamento de resistência à insulina, anticâncer. Metodologias analíticas foram desenvolvidas para o monitoramento da produção dos derivados por cromatografia em camada delgada e cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência (CLAE). Após triagem com dezessete cepas fúngicas, Aspergillus ochraceus ATCC 1009 e Cunninghamella echinulata ATCC 9245 foram selecionadas para incubações em escala semipreparativa. Dessas incubações obteve-se reína (o principal metabólito humano), a qual foi caracterizada utilizando as técnicas Ressonância Magnética Nuclear de 1H e 13C, Espectrometria de Massas de Alta Resolução (EM), Espectrometria na região do ultravioleta/visível e analisada por CLAE. Outro derivado foi obtido da incubação com Aspergillus ochraceus ATCC 1009 e caracterizado por EM e analisado em CLAE, sendo, possivelmente, a diacereína glicosilada. A influência da adição de inibidor do citocromo P450 na produção dos metabólitos foi realizada e inibiu a produção de reína em cerca de 41%, o que pode indicar o envolvimento do CYP1A1 e CYP1A2 na reação de desacetilação.O potencial citotóxico da diacereína e da reína foi avaliado pelo método de redução do tetrazólio (MTT) utilizando células de fibroblasto murino 3T3 e da linhagem tumoral B16F10 (melanoma). Tanto a reína, quanto a diacereína, demonstraram potencial citotóxico contra células B16F10.
4

Analýza mykotoxinů z biologických matric pomocí biomembrán a kapilární elektroforézy / Analysis of mycotoxins from biological matrices using biomembranes and capillary electrophoresis

Kubová, Natália January 2019 (has links)
This thesis summarizes knowledge about mycotoxins, with focus to ochratoxin A. It also summarizes its tolerable levels of food intake, detoxification and analytical methods for mycotoxins. The work also includes a chapter describing liposomes that were used for the analysis of ochratoxin A by liposomal electrokinetic capillary electrophoresis (LECK). The practical part includes the analysis of ochratoxin A from Aspergillus ochraceus Wilhelm and Aspergillus melleus Yukawa fungi cultivated on a rye and optimization of the method for analysis of ochratoxin A based on liposomes of different compositions. By capillary zone electrophoresis, ochratoxin A is not sufficiently separated and detected in the extracted mixture; conversely, when liposome solutions are used, different migration behavior can be achieved while stabilizing ochratoxin A in solution due to amphiphilic interactions between mycotoxins and liposomes. Therefore, the LEKC method was used for this work. The most suitable liposome composition has been shown to be molar ratios of 25% cholesterol (membrane stabilization) / 50% 2-oleoyl-1-palmitoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphocholine (main zwitterionic lipid) / (25% 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol)-3-phospho-L-serine (introduction of negative charge).

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